Bergera J.Koenig ex L.

Mou, Feng-Juan, Hu, Xiu, Ha, Bui Thu & Cuong, Nguyen Manh, 2023, Taxonomic revision of Bergera J. Koenig ex L. (Rutaceae) based on the molecular phylogeny and morphology, European Journal of Taxonomy 860, pp. 141-180 : 147-150

Genus Bergera J.Koenig ex L.

Mantissa Plantarum Vol. 2: 555, 563 ( Linnaeus 1771).

Type species

Bergera koenigii L.

Description

Shrubs or small trees. Unarmed trees; stems and root bark dark-brown. Leaves are odd-pinnate, with alternate leaflets or unifoliolate; leaflet margins entire or crenate. Cymes are axillary or terminal, with many flowers. Flower buds are cylindrical or long-ovoid; flowers small, 4- or 5-merous; calyxes 4- or 5-lobed, and ovate or lanceolate; sepals united at the base or only in the lower third; petals 4 or 5, less than 8 mm long, lanceolate or linear, and imbricate. Stamens are free, 8 or 10, and elongate; filaments dilated, alternately unequal in length; anthers small, broadly elliptic or oval. Disks are short, annular, and cushion-shaped or cylindrical. Ovaries are ovoid, with 2 locules, each with 2 or 1 superimposed or almost collateral ovules; styles rather long and slender, deciduous in fruit or sometimes basal portion persistent; stigmas capitate. Berries are small, ovoid or subglobose, with mucilaginous pulp. Seeds are medium-sized, glabrous with membranous testa; cotyledons with plano-convex oil glands.

The genus Bergera includes all species previously in Murraya sect. Bergera , in addition to one species (syn. Murraya alternans Swingle ) in Murraya sect. Murraya ( But et al. 1986) .

Key to the species of Bergera

1. Evergreen; leave rachis not winged .................................................................................................. 2

– Deciduous; leave rachis obviously winged ....................... B. alternifolia (Kurz) F.J.Mou comb. nov.

2. Pinnately compound leaves, with at least 3 leaflets .......................................................................... 3

– Unifoliolate leaves ...........................................................................................................................11

3. Leaves with more leaflets, 11–31-foliolate ....................................................................................... 4

– Leaves with less leaflets, 3–11-foliolate ........................................................................................... 6

4. Leaflet blades 5–20 mm wide, apex mucronate to acuminate .......................................................... 5

– Leaflet blades 3–6 mm wide, apex rounded to obtuse ........................................................................ ........................................................................... B. microphylla (Merr. & Chun) F.J.Mou comb. nov.

5. Leaflet blades glabrous adaxially; berries globose, somewhat apiculate ....................... B. koenigii L.

– Leaflet blades curly pubescent adaxially; berries somewhat 4-grooved, apex depressed .................. ............................................................................................ B. siamensis (Craib) F.J.Mou comb. nov.

6. Leaflet blades densely pubescent abaxially ......... B. kwangsiensis (C.C.Huang) F.J.Mou comb. nov.

– Leaflet blades glabrous adaxially and abaxially ............................................................................... 7

7. Leaflets bigger, more than 7 cm long ................................................................................................ 8

– Leaflets smaller, less than 7 cm long ................................................................................................ 9

8. Inflorescences terminal, glabrous ......................... B. macrophylla (C.C.Huang) F.J.Mou comb. nov.

– Inflorescences terminal and axillary, covered with very short hairs ................................................... .......................................................................................... B. glabra (Guillemin) F.J.Mou comb. nov.

9. Leaflet blades lanceolate, 0.8–2.0 cm wide, tertiary veins inconspicuous adaxially .......................... ................................................................................... B. tetramera (C.C.Huang) F.J.Mou comb. nov.

– Leaflet blades ovate to elliptic or rarely lanceolate or obovate, 2–4 cm wide, tertiary veins slightly prominent adaxially ........................................................................................................................ 10

10. Calyx lobes acute pointed, without hair on margin; stigmas obscure ................................................ .................................................................................... B. euchrestifolia (Hayata) F.J.Mou comb. nov.

– Calyx lobes rounded, ciliate on margin; stigmas capitate .................................................................. ........................................................................................... B. crenulata (Turcz.) F.J.Mou comb. nov.

11. Leaflets coriaceous, 4–15 × 3–6 cm; inflorescences terminal ............................................................ ......................................................................................... B. stenocarpa (Drake) F.J.Mou comb. nov.

– Leaflets subcoriaceous, 4.0–12.5 × 3–5 cm; inflorescences terminal and axillary ............................. .......................................................................................................... B. unifolia C.L.Deng & F.J.Mou