Aspidosperma subincanum Mart., 1838

Castello, Ana Carolina Devides, Pereira, Andreza Stephanie De Souza, Shimizu, Gustavo Hiroaki, Zuntini, Alexandre Rizzo, Simões, André Olmos & Koch, Ingrid, 2022, Taxonomy and nomenclature of Aspidosperma (Apocynaceae), Phytotaxa 571 (3), pp. 239-277 : 268

Aspidosperma subincanum Mart. in Flora 21(2, Beibl. 4): 82. 1838.

≡ Aspidosperma subincanum var. subincanum . ≡ Macaglia subincana (Mart.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 416. 1891.

Lectotype (designated here): — BRAZIL. Mato Grosso: Cuiabá, Morro do Ernesto , Nov 1832, C.F.P. von Martius s.n. [Herb. Mart. Fl. Bras. No. 262] ( M [barcode M-0183478 image!]; isolectotypes: BR [barcode 0000006959944 image!], E [barcode E00259703 image!], G [barcode G00143812 image!, barcode G00169306 image!], K [barcode K000587657 image!, barcode K000587659 image!], L [barcode L0931167 image!, barcode L0931168 image!], MO [barcode MO-2958634 image!], NY [barcode 00297997 image!], P [barcode P00639566 image!, barcode P00639567 image!], W [No. W0048486]). B†, F negative No. 7550 image! .

= Aspidosperma subincanum var. tomentosum Müll.Arg. in Mart. & auct. suc., Fl. Bras. 6(1): 50. 1860. Lectotype (designated by Woodson in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 38(2): 150. 1951):— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: 1840, P.C. D. Claussen s.n. (K [barcode K000587660 image!]).

= Aspidosperma chodatii Hassl. ex Markgr. in Pilg. in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8(76): 427. 1923. Lectotype (first-step lectotype designated by Woodson in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 38(2): 148. 1951; second-step lectotype designated here):— PARAGUAY. [ Amambay]: Sierra de Amambay, Montes Esperanza , Oct 1907 /1908, T. Rojas s.n. [E. Hassler [10647]] ( G (mounted on three herbarium sheets) [barcode G00108781 image!]; isolectotypes: C [barcode C10005748 image!], G [barcode G00108780 image!, barcode G00108782 image!], MO [barcode MO-2958633 image!], NO [barcode NO0109662 image!], NY [barcode 00297954 image!], P [barcode P00639540 image!], RB [barcode 00535022!, [fragment] barcode 00535146!], S [No. S12-16249 image!, No. S12-16256 image!], SI [barcode 000744 image!], W [No. 1911-0000619 image!]).

Notes —We elected a specimen with flowers and fruit from the single gathering cited by Martius (1838) as the lectotype of A. subincanum (M barcode M-0183478). Also, among the six gatherings mentioned in the protologue of A. chodatii by Markgraf (1923), Woodson (1951) selected as the type the collection “Hassler [Rojas] 10647” (Rojas s.n.). However, since this gathering has more than one specimen, it was necessary to narrow Woodson’s (1951) typification by electing a specimen that belonged to Hassler’s personal herbarium as the second-step lectotype of A. chodatii (G barcode G00108781) (ICN article 9.17; Turland et al. 2018).

Woodson (1951) considered A. chodatii as a synonym of A. tomentosum Mart. & Zucc. However , A. chodatii presents branches with non-thickened suber (vs. thickened), petiolate (vs. sessile to subsessile) and non-decurrent (vs. decurrent) leaves, flowers with corolla lobes shorter than the tube (2×) (vs. equal to or 2× longer than), tomentose ovary (vs. glabrous), and pubescent to glabrescent follicles (vs. tomentose). Based on all these characteristics, we consider A. chodatii a synonym of A. subincanum .

Lasty, Duarte (1968) described A. heringeri Duarte as a species that shared some characteristics with A. subincanum . However, since we are still studying its description and types, we have not enough evidence to make decisions about their identities. Therefore, we treated A. heringeri as “ incertae sedis ”.