Leugogeorgiini, Verhoeff, 1930

Antić, Dragan Ž. & Reip, Hans S., 2020, The millipede genus Leucogeorgia Verhoeff, 1930 in the Caucasus, with descriptions of eleven new species, erection of a new monotypic genus and notes on the tribe Leucogeorgiini (Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 713, pp. 1-106 : 84-85

Key to the species of Caucasian Leugogeorgiini

1. Mouthparts normal...........................................................................................................................2 – Mouthparts modified.........................................................................................................................9

2. Head with ommatidia; metazonal setae absent ( Figs 29–31 ) ............. Leucogeorgia oculata sp. nov. – Head without ommatidia; metazonal setae present...........................................................................3

3. Mesomeral claw (mc) with teeth.........................................................................................................4 – Mesomeral claw (mc) without teeth....................................................................................................7

4. Mesomeral claw (mc) stocky and robust ( Figs 16–18 ) .................. Leucogeorgia borealis sp. nov. – Mesomeral claw (mc) more slender.................................................................................................5

5. Mesomeral claw (mc) with poorly developed teeth (almost absent); mesomeral lamella (ml) strongly serrate distally ( Figs 19–21 ) ....................................................... Leucogeorgia gioi sp. nov.

– Mesomeral claw (mc) with well-developed teeth; mesomeral lamella (ml) not strongly serrated distally................................................................................................................................................6

6. Mesomeral lamella (ml) sloping down posteriad, without posterior rise; midbody setae ca 5% of vertical diameter of rings ( Figs 3–6 ) ......... Leucogeorgia abchasica ( Lohmander, 1936) comb. nov.

– Mesomeral lamella (ml) flattened, with a posterior rise; midbody setae ca 10% of vertical diameter of rings ( Figs 14–15 ) ................................... Leucogeorgia satunini ( Lohmander, 1936) comb. nov.

7. Body ring 2 in both sexes with well-developed ventral lobes ( Figs 22–24 ) ................................. ....................................................................................................... Leucogeorgia golovatchi sp. nov. – Body ring 2 without lobes...............................................................................................................8

8. Mesomeral lamella (ml) with a strongly developed lobe (l) ( Figs 25–26 , 27 A–C, 28) ................ ............................................................................................................. Leucogeorgia lobata sp. nov.

– Mesomeral lamella (ml) without such a strongly developed lobe (l); if ml present, then poorly developed ( Figs 32–35 ) .............................................................. Leucogeorgia prometheus sp. nov.

9. Mesomeral lamella (ml) reduced, connected to base of mesomere ( Figs 50–51 ) .......................... .......................................................................................................... Martvilia parva gen. et sp. nov. – Mesomeral lamella (ml) strongly developed, starting just below mesomeral claw (mc)......10

10. Mesomeral claw (mc) without teeth ( Figs 7–10 ) .............. Leucogeorgia longipes Verhoeff, 1930 – Mesomeral claw (mc) with teeth...................................................................................................11

11. Labrum strongly divided into two lobes; gnathochilarium with a distolateral bundle of long setae on stipites; lamellae linguales with two irregular rows of long, distal setae ( Figs 39–41 ) .... ............................................................................................................. Leucogeorgia mystax sp. nov.

– Labrum only slightly concave in middle; gnathochilarium without such groups of setae.........12

12. Posterior margin of hypoproct with a characteristic rounded extension in both sexes ( Figs 42–43 ) .......................................................................................................... Leucogeorgia profunda sp. nov. – Posterior margin of hypoproct without rounded extension.............................................................13

13. Epiproct with very long and sharp process, apically with a hyaline tip slightly curved upwards ( Figs 36–38 ) ....................................................................................... Leucogeorgia caudata sp. nov. – Epiproct with a short or not too long and sharp process, without hyaline tip...........................14

14. Anal valvae densely setose ( Figs 47–49 ) .................................... Leucogeorgia turbanovi sp. nov. – Anal valvae setose, but not too densely so..................................................................................15

15. Body elongate, with 38–47 podous rings in males; hypoproct lanceolate; ventral margin of body ring 7 rounded; mesomeral lamella (ml) with a rather smooth, high and lobe-shaped central part ( Figs 11–13 ) .......................................................................... Leucogeorgia rediviva Golovatch, 1983

– Body stocky, with 28–35 podous rings in males; hypoproct subrhomboid; ventral margin of body ring 7 low, more subquadrangular; mesomeral lamella flattened, slightly denticulate in central part ( Figs 44–46 ) .......................................................... Leucogeorgia redivivoides sp. nov.

Figures

Fig. 29. Leucogeorgia oculata sp. nov., from Lagonaki Plateau (ZMUM). A. Holotype ♂, habitus, lateral view. B. Holotype, anterior part of body, lateral view. C. Paratype ♀, head, anterior view. D. Non-type ♂, body ring 7, lateral view. E. Holotype, midbody rings, lateral view. F. Holotype, telson, lateral view. G. Non-type ♂, telson, lateral view. Scale bars: A, E = 1 mm; B–D, F = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 30. Leucogeorgia oculata sp. nov., specimens from Lagonaki Plateau, habitus, lateral views. A. Largest paratype ♀ (ZMUM). B. Smallest paratype ♀ (ZMUM). C–F. Non-type ♂♂ (IZB). Scale bars: 1 mm.

Fig. 31. Leucogeorgia oculata sp. nov., paratype ♂ from Lagonaki Plateau (ZMUM). A. Left gonopods, lateral view. B. Left gonopods, mesal view. C. Penes, posterior view. D. Leg-pair 1, anterior view. E. Left leg 1, lateral view. Abbreviations: am = accessory membrane; f = flagellum; m = mesomere; mc = mesomeral claw; ml = mesomeral lamella; o = opisthomere; p = promere; pl = protective lamella; s = solenomere; v = velum. Scale bar: 0.2 mm.

Fig. 16. Leucogeorgia borealis sp. nov., types from Fanagoriyskaya Cave (ZMUM). A. Paratype ♀, habitus, lateral view. B. Paratype ♀, anterior part of body, lateral view. C. Paratype ♂, posterior part of body, lateral view. D. Holotype ♂, body ring 7, lateral view. E. Paratype ♀, midbody rings, lateral view. Arrow indicated metazonal seta. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Fig. 17. Leucogeorgia borealis sp. nov., paratype ♂ from Fanagoriyskaya Cave (ZMUM). A. Leg-pair 1, anterior view. B. Right leg 1, lateral view. C. Head, ventral view. D. Left gonopods, mesal view. Abbreviations: am = accessory membrane; f = flagellum; m = mesomere; mc = mesomeral claw; ml = mesomeral lamella; o = opisthomere; p = promere; pl = protective lamella; s = solenomere; v = velum. Scale bars: A–B = 0.05 mm; C = 0.2 mm; D = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 18. Leucogeorgia borealis sp. nov., holotype ♂ from Fanagoriyskaya Cave (ZMUM). A. Right gonopods, mesal view. B. Right gonopods, lateral view. C. Penes, posterior view. D. Leg-pair 1, anterior view. E. Right leg 1, lateral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Fig. 19. Leucogeorgia gioi sp. nov., types from Sachinkia Cave (IZISU). A. Holotype ♂, habitus, dorsal view. B. Paratype ♀, anterior part of body, lateral view. C. Holotype, posterior part of body, lateral view. D. Paratype ♂, midbody rings, lateral view. E. Paratype ♂, body ring 7, lateral view. Arrows indicate metazonal setae. Scale bars: A = 5 mm; B–E = 1 mm.

Fig. 20. Leucogeorgia gioi sp. nov., gonopods, lateral views (IZISU). A. ♂ from Kotias Cave. B. ♂ from Shvilobisa Cave.

Fig. 21. Leucogeorgia gioi sp. nov., holotype ♂ from Sachinkia Cave (IZISU). A. Right gonopods, mesal view. B. Left gonopods, lateral view. C. Left promere, lateral view. D. Penes, posterior view. E. Right leg 1, lateral view. F. Leg-pair 1, anterior view. Abbreviations: am = accessory membrane; f = flagellum; m = mesomere; mc = mesomeral claw; ml = mesomeral lamella; o = opisthomere; p = promere; pl = protective lamella; s = solenomere; v = velum. Scale bar: 0.3 mm.

Fig. 3. Leucogeorgia abchasica (Lohmander, 1936) comb. nov., ♂♂ from Abraskila Cave (ZMUM). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Anterior part of body, lateral view. C. Body ring 7, lateral view. D. Body ring 7, ventral view. E. Posterior part of body, lateral view. F. Midbody rings, lateral view. Arrows indicate metazonal setae. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Fig. 4. Leucogeorgia abchasica (Lohmander, 1936) comb. nov. (A–F: ♂ from Bolshaya Medveditza Cave (ZMUM); G: ♂ from Uatapachy Cave (ZMUM)). A. Head, anterior view. B. Head, ventral view. C. Leg-pair 1, anterior view. D. Left leg 1, lateral view. E. Left leg 1, distolateral view. F. Right gonopods, mesal view. G. Penes, anterior view. Abbreviations: am = accessory membrane; m = mesomere; mc = mesomeral claw; ml = mesomeral lamella; o = opisthomere; p = promere; pl = protective lamella; s = solenomere; v = velum. Scale bars: A–B = 0.2 mm; C, F–G = 0.1 mm; D–E = 0.05 mm.

Fig. 5. Leucogeorgia abchasica (Lohmander, 1936) comb. nov., left gonopods, mesal views (ZMUM). A. ♂ from Tsebeldinskaya Cave. B. ♂ from Abraskila Cave. C. ♂ from Bolshaya Medveditza Cave. D. ♂ from Snezhnaya Cave. Scale bar: 0.3 mm.

Fig. 6. Leucogeorgia abchasica (Lohmander, 1936) comb. nov., right gonopods, mesal views (ZMUM). A. ♂ from Dzykhayskaya I Cave. B. ♂ from Abraskila Cave. C. ♂ from Uatapachy Cave. D. ♂ from Samshitovaya Cave. Scale bar: 0.3 mm.

Fig. 14. Leucogeorgia satunini (Lohmander, 1936) comb. nov., ♀ and ♂ from Kelasurskaya Cave (ZMUM). A. ♀, habitus, lateral view. B. ♀, anterior part of body, lateral view. C. ♂, midbody rings, lateral view. D. ♂, body ring 7, lateral view. E. ♂, body ring 7, ventral view. F. ♂, posterior part of body, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Fig. 15. Leucogeorgia satunini (Lohmander, 1936) comb. nov., ♂ from Kelasurskaya Cave (ZMUM). A. Head, ventral view. B. Right gonopods, mesal view. C. Left gonopods, mesal view. D. Left gonopods, lateral view. Abbreviations: am = accessory membrane; f = flagellum; m = mesomere; mc = mesomeral claw; ml = mesomeral lamella; o = opisthomere; p = promere; pl = protective lamella; s = solenomere; v = velum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Fig. 22. Leucogeorgia golovatchi sp. nov., type ♂♂ from Tsakhi Cave (ZMUM) (A–D: holotype; E–G: paratype). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Anterior part of body, lateral view. C. Posterior part of body, lateral view. D. Midbody rings, lateral view. E. Body ring 2, lateral view. F. Body ring 2, anterior view. G. Body ring 7, lateral view. Scale bars: A–D = 1 mm; E–G = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 23. Leucogeorgia golovatchi sp. nov., paratype ♂ from Tsakhi Cave (ZMUM). A. Leg-pair 1, anterior view. B. Right leg 1, lateral view. C. Head, ventral view. D. Right gonopods, mesal view. Abbreviations: am = accessory membrane; f = flagellum; m = mesomere; mc = mesomeral claw; ml = mesomeral lamella; o = opisthomere; p = promere; pl = protective lamella; s = solenomere; v = velum. Scale bars: A, C–D = 0.1 mm; B = 0.05 mm.

Fig. 24. Leucogeorgia golovatchi sp. nov., type ♂♂ from Tsakhi Cave (ZMUM). A. Holotype, right gonopods, mesal view. B. Holotype, left gonopods, lateral view. C. Paratype, penes, posterior view. D. Paratype, leg-pair 1, anterior view. E. Right leg 1, lateral view. Scale bar: 0.3 mm.

Fig. 25. Leucogeorgia lobata sp. nov., type ♂♂. A. Holotype from Kalitshona Cave, habitus, lateral view (ZMUM). B. Paratype from Garakha Cave, anterior part of body, lateral view (IZISU). C. Paratype from Kalitshona Cave, posterior part of body, lateral view (ZMUM). D. Paratype from Garakha Cave, midbody rings, lateral view (IZISU). E. Paratype from Garakha Cave, body ring 7, lateral view (IZISU). Arrow indicates metazonal setae. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Fig. 26. Leucogeorgia lobata sp. nov., paratype ♂ from Kalitshona Cave (ZMUM). A. Left leg 1, lateral view. B. Leg-pair 1, anterior view. C. Head, ventral view. D. Right gonopods, mesal view. Abbreviations: am = accessory membrane; f = flagellum; l = lobe; m = mesomere; mc = mesomeral claw; ml = mesomeral lamella; o = opisthomere; p = promere; pl = protective lamella; s = solenomere; v = velum. Scale bars: A = 0.05 mm; B, D = 0.1 mm; C = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 27. Gonopods (A–C: Leucogeorgia lobata sp. nov.; D: L. aff. lobata sp. nov., ♂ from Eckis Cave). A. Paratype ♂ from Garakha Cave, right gonopods, lateral view (IZISU). B. ♂ from Motena Cave, left gonopod, mesal view (SMNG). C. ♂ from Motena Cave, left gonopod, mesal view (ZMUM). D. Left gonopod, mesal view (SMNG). Scale bar: 0.3 mm.

Fig. 32. Leucogeorgia prometheus sp. nov., paratype ♂ from Prometheus Cave (IZISU). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Anterior part of body, lateral view. C. Posterior part of body, lateral view. D. Midbody rings, lateral view. E. Body ring 7, lateral view. Scale bars: A = 5 mm; B–D = 1 mm; E = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 33. Leucogeorgia prometheus sp. nov., non-type ♂ from Sataplia I Cave (ZMUM). A. Leg-pair 1, anterior view. B. Left leg 1, lateral view. C. Leg-pair 1, anterolateral view. D. Head, ventral view. E. Tip of antenna. F. Left gonopods, mesal view.Abbreviations: am = accessory membrane; f = flagellum; l = lobe; m = mesomere; mc = mesomeral claw; ml = mesomeral lamella; o = opisthomere; p = promere; pl = protective lamella; s = solenomere; v = velum. Scale bars: A–B, E = 0.05 mm; C–D, F = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 34. Leucogeorgia prometheus sp. nov., paratype ♂♂ from Prometheus Cave (IZISU). A–D. Left gonopods, mesal views. Scale bar: 0.3 mm.

Fig. 35. Leucogeorgia prometheus sp. nov., paratype♂from Prometheus Cave (IZISU).A. Left gonopods, mesal view. B. Right gonopods, lateral view. C. Left promere, lateral view. D. Penes, posterior view. E. Left leg 1, lateral view. F. Leg-pair 1, anterior view. Scale bar: 0.3 mm.

Fig. 50. Martvilia parva gen. et sp. nov. (A–C, E: holotype ♂ from Jortsku Cave (ZMUM); D, F: non-type ♀ from Motena Cave (IZB)). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Anterior part of body, lateral view. C. Posterior part of body, lateral view. D. Midbody rings, lateral view. E. Body ring 7, lateral view. F. Telson, posterior view. Arrow indicates metazonal seta. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Fig. 51. Martvilia parva gen. et sp. nov., type ♂♂ (ZMUM). A. Holotype, left gonopods, mesal view. B. Holotype, left gonopods, lateral view. C. Paratype, right promere, posteromesal view. D. Paratype, leg-pair 1, anterior view. E. Paratype, penes, posterior view. Abbreviations: am = accessory membrane; f = flagellum; m = mesomere; mc = mesomeral claw; ml = mesomeral lamella; o = opisthomere; p = promere; pl = protective lamella; s = solenomere; v = velum. Scale bar: 0.3 mm.

Fig. 7. Leucogeorgia longipes Verhoeff, 1930. A. Paralectotype ♂ (NHMW 9980), habitus, lateral view. B–D. Lectotype ♂ (NHMW 3063). B. Habitus, lateral view. C. Anterior part of body, lateral view. D. Posterior part of body, lateral view. Photos: Oliver Macek (NHMW). Scale bars: A–B = 1 mm; C–D = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 8. Leucogeorgia longipes Verhoeff, 1930 (A–D, F–G: ♂♂ from Kotias Cave (IZISU); E: ♂ from Dolabistavi Cave (SMNG)). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Anterior part of body, anterolateral view. C. Head, anterodorsal view. D. Telson, lateral view. E. Telson, ventral view. F. Body ring 7, lateral view. G. Midbody rings, lateral view. Arrows indicate metazonal setae. Scale bars: A = 5 mm; B, D, F = 1 mm; C, E, G = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 9. Leucogeorgia longipes Verhoeff, 1930, ♂ from Dolabistavi Cave (SMNG). A. Left leg 1, lateral view. B. Head, ventral view. C. Head, anterior view. D. Head, lateral view. E. Anterior part of head, ventral view. F. Right gonopods, mesal view. Abbreviations: am = accessory membrane; f = flagellum; m = mesomere; mc = mesomeral claw; ml = mesomeral lamella; o = opisthomere; p = promere; pl = protective lamella; s = solenomere; v = velum. Scale bars: A, E = 0.05 mm; B–D = 0.2 mm; F = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 10. Leucogeorgia longipes Verhoeff, 1930, ♂ from Kotias Cave (IZISU). A. Left gonopods, mesal view. B. Right promere, lateral view. C. Left gonopods, lateral view (flipped). D. Right leg 1, anterior view. Scale bar: 0.3 mm.

Fig. 39. Leucogeorgia mystax sp. nov., types from Nytshka Cave. A. Paratype ♀, habitus, lateral view (ZMUM). B. Paratype ♀♀, head, lateral view (ZMUM). C. Paratype ♀, head, anterolateral view (IZB). D. Paratype ♀, head, anterior view (IZB). E. Paratype ♀, midbody rings, lateral view (ZMUM). F. Holotype ♂, telson, lateral view (ZMUM). G. Paratype ♀, telson, ventral view (IZB). H. Holotype, body ring 7, lateral view. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–H = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 40. Leucogeorgia mystax sp. nov., holotype ♂ from Nytshka Cave (ZMUM). A. Head, dorsal view. B. Head, anterior view. C. Head, anterolateral view. D. Head, ventral view. E. Lamellae linguales, ventral view. F. Left stipe, ventral view. G. Left stipe, lateral view. H. Leg-pair 1, anterior view. I. Left leg 1, lateral view. J. Left gonopods, mesal view. Abbreviations: am = accessory membrane; f = flagellum; m = mesomere; mc = mesomeral claw; ml = mesomeral lamella; o = opisthomere; p = promere; pl = protective lamella; s = solenomere; v = velum. Scale bars: A = 0.2 mm; B–G, J = 0.1 mm; H–I = 0.05 mm.

Fig. 41. Leucogeorgia mystax sp. nov., holotype ♂ from Nytshka Cave (ZMUM). A. Right gonopods, mesal view. B. Right gonopods, lateral view. C. Leg-pair 1, anterior view. D. Penes, posterior view. Scale bar: 0.2 mm.

Fig. 42. Leucogeorgia profunda sp. nov. (A–D: holotype ♂ from Krubera Cave (ZMUM); E: non-type ♀ from Veryovkina Cave (IZB); F–G: paratype ♂ from Krubera Cave (ZMUM)). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Anterior part of body, lateral view. C. Posterior part of body, lateral view. D. Midbody segments, lateral view. E. Telson, posterior view. F. Body ring 7, lateral view. G. Body ring 7, ventral view. Arrow indicates metazonal setae. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Fig. 43. Leucogeorgia profunda sp. nov., paratype ♂ from Krubera Cave (ZMUM). A. Right gonopods, mesal view. B. Left gonopods, lateral view. C. Leg-pairs 1, anterior view. D. Penes, posterior view. Abbreviations: am = accessory membrane; f = flagellum; m = mesomere; mc = mesomeral claw; ml = mesomeral lamella; o = opisthomere; p = promere; pl = protective lamella; s = solenomere; v = velum. Scale bar: 0.3 mm.

Fig. 36. Leucogeorgia caudata sp. nov., type ♂♂ from Novoafonskaya Cave. A. Holotype, habitus, lateral view (ZMUM). B. Holotype, head, lateral view. C. Paratype, head and anterior part of body, anterior view (IZB). D. Paratype, labrum, dorsal view (IZB). E. Holotype, midbody rings, lateral view. F. Paratype, body ring 7, lateral view (IZB). G. Paratype, telson, ventral view (IZB). H. Holotype, teslon, lateral view. Arrow indicates metazonal seta. Scale bars: A–C, E–F, H = 1 mm; D, G = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 37. Leucogeorgia caudata sp. nov., non-type ♂♂ from Adzaba Cave (ZMUM). A. Left leg 1, lateral view. B. Leg-pair 1, anterior view. C. Head, ventral view. D. Head, anterior view. E. Head, ventrolateral view. F. Right gonopods, mesal view. Abbreviations: am = accessory membrane; m = mesomere; mc = mesomeral claw; ml = mesomeral lamella; o = opisthomere; p = promere; pl = protective lamella; s = solenomere; v = velum. Scale bars: A = 0.05 mm; B, E–F = 0.1 mm; C–D = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 38. Leucogeorgia caudata sp. nov., paratype ♂ from Novoafonskaya Cave (IZB). A. Left gonopods, mesal view. B. Right gonopods, lateral view. C. Leg-pair 1, anterior view. D. Penes, posterior view. Scale bar: 0.3 mm.

Fig. 47. Leucogeorgia turbanovi sp. nov., types from Pechalnaya Cave (ZMUM). A. Holotype ♂, habitus, lateral view. B. Holotype, anterior part of body, lateral view. C. Paratype ♀, telson, posterior view. D. Holotype, posterior part of body, lateral view. E. Paratype ♂, head, dorsal view. F. Paratype ♂, body ring 7, lateral view. G. Paratype ♂, body ring 7, ventral view. Arrow indicates metazonal seta. Scale bars: A–B, H = 1 mm; C–G = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 48. Leucogeorgia turbanovi sp. nov., paratype ♂ from Pechalnaya Cave (SMNG). A. Leg-pair 1, anterior view. B. Left leg 1, lateral view. C. Head, ventral view. D. Head, anterolateral view. E. Head, lateral view. F. Left gonopods, mesal view. Scale bars: A, F = 0.1 mm; B = 0.05 mm; C–E = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 49. Leucogeorgia turbanovi sp. nov., paratype ♂ from Pechalnaya Cave (ZMUM). A. Right gonopods, lateral view. B. Right gonopods, lateral view. C. Leg-pair 1, anterior view. D. Penes, posterior view. Abbreviations: am = accessory membrane; f = flagellum; m = mesomere; mc = mesomeral claw; ml = mesomeral lamella; o = opisthomere; p = promere; pl = protective lamella; s = solenomere; v = velum. Scale bar: 0.3 mm.

Fig. 11. Leucogeorgia rediviva Golovatch, 1983 (A–G: ♂ from Novoafonskaya Cave (ZMUM); H: ♂ from Snezhnaya Cave (ZMUM)). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Head, lateral view. C. Head, anterior view. D. Body ring 7, lateral view. E. Telson, posterior view. F. Midbody rings, lateral view. G. Telson, lateral view. H. Telson, lateral view. Arrows indicate three reduced labral teeth on C, or metazonal setae on F. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Fig. 12. Leucogeorgia rediviva Golovatch, 1983, ♂ from Khabyu Cave (SMNG). A. Leg-pair 1, anterior view. B. Left leg 1, lateral view. C. Head, ventral view. D. Left gonopods, mesal view. E. Detail of labrum, ventral view. F. Penes, posterior view. Abbreviations: am = accessory membrane; f = flagellum; m = mesomere; mc = mesomeral claw; ml = mesomeral lamella; o = opisthomere; p = promere; pl = protective lamella; s = solenomere; v = velum. Scale bars: A–B, D–E = 0.1 mm; C, F = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 13. Leucogeorgia rediviva Golovatch, 1983, gonopods. A. ♂ from Khabyu Cave, right gonopods, mesal view (SMNG). B. ♂ from Novoafonskaya Cave, left gonopods, lateral view (ZMUM). C. ♂ from Novoafonskaya Cave, right gonopods, mesal view (ZMUM). D. ♂ from Snezhnaya Cave, left gonopods, lateral view (ZMUM). E. ♂ from Snezhnaya Cave, right gonopods, mesal view (ZMUM). Scale bars: 0.3 mm.

Fig. 44. Leucogeorgia redivivoides sp. nov., types from Nizhnyaya Shakuranskaya Cave (ZMUM) (A– C, E–F: holotype ♂; D: paratype ♂; G: paratype ♀). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Anterior part of body, lateral view. C. Body ring 7, lateral view. D. Telson, posterior view. E. Midbody rings, lateral view. F. Telson, lateral view. G. Telson, lateral view. Arrow indicates metazonal setae. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Fig. 45. Leucogeorgia redivivoides sp. nov., paratype ♂ from Nizhnyaya Shakuranskaya Cave (SMNG). A. Leg-pair 1, anterior view. B. Right leg 1, lateral view. C. Head, ventral view. D. Left gonopods, mesal view. Abbreviations: m = mesomere; mc = mesomeral claw; ml = mesomeral lamella; p = promere; pl = protective lamella; s = solenomere. Solenomere broken. Scale bars: A–B, D = 0.1 mm; C = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 46. Leucogeorgia redivivoides sp. nov., paratype ♂♂ from Nizhnyaya Shakuranskaya Cave (ZMUM). A. Right gonopods, mesal view. B. Left gonopods, lateral view. C. Right gonopods, mesal view. D. Left gonopods, lateral view. E. Leg-pair 1, anterior view. F. Penes, posterior view. Scale bars: 0.3 mm.