Cacopsylla crenulatae Bastin, Burckhardt & Ouvrard, 2023

Bastin, Saskia, Burckhardt, Daniel, Reyes-Betancort, Alfredo, Hernández-Suárez, Estrella & Ouvrard, David, 2023, A review of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of the Canary Islands, with descriptions of two new genera and sixteen new species, Zootaxa 5313 (1), pp. 1-98 : 39-41

* Cacopsylla crenulatae Bastin, Burckhardt & Ouvrard sp. nov.

( Figs 59–62 , 142–149 , 252–255 )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5C93077C-52E4-4A4F-8954-03C328423F08

Psylla alaterna [sic] sensu Loginova 1976: 34, nec Foerster 1848: 97, misspelling and misidentification.

Material examined. Holotype ♂, La Gomera: Roque Cano, 27.v.1998, Rhamnus crenulata (D. Percy) ( NHMB, dry mounted).

Paratypes. Tenerife: 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Las Arenas , 15.v.1947 (H. Lindberg) ( FMNH, dry mounted) ; 1 ♀, Macizo de Teno , 1000 m alt., 8.iii.1990 (B. Merz) ( MHNG, dry mounted) ; 1 ♀, La Esperanza , 1000 m alt., 9.iii.1990 (B. Merz) ( MHNG, dry mounted); 7 ♂ , 10 ♀, Bajamar , 28.5436 N, 16.3403 W, 290 m alt., 2.v.2020, R. crenulata (J. Molina and S. Bastin) ( SBPC, slide mounted, 70% ethanol); 4 ♂ , 4 ♀, same data but ( MUSA, slide mounted, 70% ethanol) ; 1 ♀, same data but 30.v.2020, R. crenulata (S. Bastin) ( ICIA, slide mounted); 3 ♂ , 2 ♀, 16 immatures same data but 24.iii.2022, R. crenulata (S. Bastin) ( NHMB, 70% ethanol). La Gomera: 3 ♂ , 5 ♀, Tamarynda , 400 m alt., 11.iii.1990 (B. Merz) ( MHNG, dry mounted); 3 ♂ , 5 ♀, same data but (B. Merz) ( NHMB, dry mounted); 3 ♂ , 1 ♀, Las Rosas , 400 m alt., 13.iii.1990 (B. Merz) ( MHNG, dry mounted); 5 ♂ , 4 ♀, 3 immatures, above Hermigua , 440 m alt., 2.v.1993 (C. Lienhard) ( MHNG, dry mounted); 1 ♂ , 1 ♀, 1 immature, same data but ( NHMB, dry mounted); 1 ♂ , 2 ♀, Roque Cano , 27.v.1998, R. crenulata (D. Percy) ( NHMB, dry mounted) .

Description. Adult. Colouration of dry material. Mature specimens. General body colour dark orange and black. Vertex and genal processes dark yellow. Antenna brown yellowish with apices of segments 3–7, apical half of segment 8 and entire segments 9 and 10 black. Thoracic dorsum dark orange, sutures on thorax black. Legs light brown. Forewing transparent, veins brown, pterostigma light brown, membrane sometimes indistinctly brown along apical and posterior wing margins, vein A 1 distinctly darker that the other veins. Abdominal sclerites dark brown or black, intersegmental membranes dark orange. Male proctiger brown with black apex, paramere yellow with black apex, subgenital plate brown. Female terminalia light brown, apex of proctiger and subgenital plate black. One female specimen with general body black with orange spots. Vertex black with orange spots, genal processes dark brown or black. Antennae entirely black. Thoracic dorsum black with orange spots, sutures on thorax dark brown. Legs black. Forewing transparent, veins dark brown, pterostigma dark brown ( Fig. 146 ). Abdominal sclerites black, intersegmental membranes dark orange. Proctiger entirely black with dark yellow apex, subgenital plate black with dark yellow spots. Young specimens: vertex light orange, genal processes light yellow. Thoracic dorsum light orange, sutures on thorax dark brown. Legs dark yellow. Forewing transparent, veins light brown, pterostigma light brown. Abdominal sclerites green yellowish, intersegmental membrane dark yellow. Male terminalia light green, apex of subgenital plate and proctiger black. Female terminalia light green, apex of proctiger and subgenital plate black. Teneral specimen (one female) with general body colour green. Vertex light orange, genal processes green. Thoracic dorsum green with light orange spots, sutures on thorax green. Legs light yellow. Forewing transparent, veins yellow, pterostigma transparent ( Fig. 147 ). Abdominal sclerites green with orange spots and intersegmental membranes green. Terminalia green with orange spots in basal two thirds, light brown in apical part, subgenital plate and proctiger with apices black.

Structure. Body length 2.4‒2.8 mm. Head ( Fig. 142 ), in lateral view, inclined at almost 90º from longitudinal body axis; in dorsal view, as broad as thorax. Vertex ( Fig. 143 ) subtriangular, 0.6 times as long as broad, covered with fine microsculpture and short setae; coronal suture fully developed. Genal processes ( Fig. 142 ) 0.6 – 0.7 times as long as vertex, conical, strongly and evenly narrowing in basal half, with interior margin almost straight and exterior margin in distal half irregular convex; apex subacute, covered with moderately long setae, mainly ventrally, and with 1 or 2 long setae subapically along exterior margin, at least twice longer than the other setae. Antenna 1.4 – 1.5 times as long as head width, length of segment 3 1.5 – 1.7 times length of segment 4; segment 10 with 2 apical setae, 1 long, pointed seta, about 1.5 times as long as segment, and 1 short, truncate seta, about as long as segment ( Fig. 144 ). Meracanthus ( Fig. 145 ) of metacoxa large, horn shaped and subacute. Metatibia 0.6 – 0.7 times as long as head width, with moderately large genual spine, with 1+3+1 apical spurs. Metabasitarsus with 2 black lateral spurs. Forewing ( Figs 146, 147 ) elongate oval, 2.8 – 3.4 times as long as head width, 2.3 – 2.6 times as long as wide, widest in apical two thirds; vein C+Sc convex; costal break present; pterostigma wide, about as wide as adjacent part of cell r 1, ending at apical third of vein Rs; vein Rs long and slightly sinuate; vein M slightly arched, 1.5 – 2 times longer than vein M 1+2; m 1 cell value 1.9–2.0; vein Cu 1a arched, as long as vein Cu 1; vein Cu 1b short, slightly rounded; cu 1 cell value 2.0–2.2; surface spinules ( Fig. 148 ) coarse, strongly reduced, present in middle of cells in apical half of wing except for cell cu 2, where they are more extended, sometimes absent from cell r 1 and always from cell c+sc; extent of spinules variable, sometimes with only a very few. Male terminalia as in Figs 59–61 . Proctiger slender, 0.5 times as long as head width, tubular, widest in basal third, anterior margin slightly rounded, densely covered with moderately long setae, apart from base. Paramere digitiform, 0.8 times as long as proctiger, slender, in lateral view gradually narrowing apically, apex forming a strongly sclerotised small forward-directed tooth; outer face with moderately long setae, mainly along posterior and anterior margins and in apical two thirds, inner face densely covered with moderately long setae, mainly in middle, excluding basal part, with some short setae in apical part and a sclerotised small tooth. Apical segment of aedeagus as long as paramere, base rounded and slightly inflated, apical dilatation short and rounded; sclerotised end tube of ductus ejaculatorius curved. Subgenital plate relatively large, slightly longer than high, in lateral view broadly subtriangular, sparsely covered with short setae. Female terminalia long and slender ( Figs 62 , 149 ). Proctiger 1.2 times as long as head width, slightly longer than subgenital plate, dorsal margin weakly sinuate, blunt apically, bearing many dense conate setae in apical third; with a few long setae dorsally, mainly in apical part and sparse short setae in half anterior part. Subgenital plate long, pointed apically, covered with conate setae and a few short setae, and with short setae ventrally. Valvula ventralis lacking ventral teeth.

Measurements (in mm) (6 ♂, 4 ♀). Head width ♂ 0.62 – 0.64, ♀ 0.63 – 0.68; vertex length ♂ 0.20 – 0.23, ♀ 0.20 – 0.24; vertex width ♂ 0.37 – 0.38, ♀ 0.38 – 0.41; antenna length ♂ 0.89 – 0.96, ♀ 0.93; metatibia length ♂ 0.38 – 0.40, ♀ 0.36 – 0.39; forewing length ♂ 1.86 – 2.06, ♀ 2 – 2.15; forewing width ♂ 0.74 – 0.84, ♀ 0.8 – 0.85; male proctiger length 0.30 – 0.32; paramere length 0.24 – 0.25; distal segment of aedeagus length 0.25 – 0.27; female proctiger length 0.74 – 0.82; female anal ring length 0.17 – 0.18; apical part of inner valvula length 0.12 – 0.15.

Fifth-instar immature. Colouration of slide-mounted material. Sclerites yellowish, membranes colourless. Apical three quarters of antennal segment 7 dark brown.

Structure. Conforming to the generic description of Ossiannilsson (1992). Body 1.2 times as long as wide; sparsely, irregularly beset with microscopic rod setae. Antenna 0.8–0.9 times as long as forewing pad; segments 4–6 together 0.9 times as long as segment 7; flagellum lacking capitate setae. Forewing pad lacking dorsal or marginal capitate setae; hindwing pad with 1 short marginal club-shaped seta. Caudal plate 0.7–0.8 times as long as wide, bearing 3+3 marginal sectasetae; abdominal margin bearing 4 or 5 short club-shaped or capitate setae (one side only); disk of caudal plate lacking long macroscopic setae. Outer circumanal ring heart-shaped, complete (closed) anteriorly; its length in longitudinal body axis 1.7 times its distance from caudal margin of caudal plate; consisting of a single row of narrowly oval pores.

Measurements (in mm) (3 individuals). Body length 1.2–1.3; length of forewing pad 0.64–0.72.

Etymology. Named after its host plant Rhamnus crenulata .

Host plant CI. Rhamnus crenulata (Rhamnaceae) .

Distribution CI. Tenerife ( Loginova 1976, as Psylla alaterna [sic]). La Gomera (new record).

Comments. Cacopsylla crenulatae is morphologically similar to C. myrthi ( Puton, 1876) and corresponds to the morphological diagnosis provided by Loginova (1975) for the Cacopsylla species developing on Rhamnus . It differs from C. myrthi in sometimes having the forewing with brown membrane apically and posteriorly (always clear in C. myrthi ); the forewing vein A 1 much darker than the other veins (concolourous in C. myrthi ); in the shape of the paramere, lacking the small antero-apical lobe (small antero-apical lobe present in C. myrthi ), and the apically narrowly rounded female proctiger (obliquely truncate in C. myrthi ). The immatures of these two species are almost identical, but differ in the position of the circumanal ring: in C. crenulatae its length is 1.7 times the distance from the caudal margin of caudal plate versus 3.3 times in C. myrthi . The two species differ also in their host associations: C. crenulatae on Rhamnus crenulata and C. myrthi on R. alaternus .

Cacopsylla alaterni ( Foerster, 1848) is a West Mediterranean species also associated with R. alaternus . It differs from C. crenulatae in the yellowish forewings with concolourous veins, the surface spinules covering the whole wing membrane except for broad spinule-free stripes along the veins, the much narrower paramere, and the more slender, dorsally straight and apically pointed female proctiger.

Figures

FIGURES 59–66. (59–62) Cacopsylla crenulatae: (59) male terminalia, lateral view; (60) paramere, inner surface, lateral view; (61) distal segment of aedeagus, lateral view; (62) female terminalia, lateral view. (63–66) Cacopsylla falcicauda: (63) male terminalia, lateral view; (64) paramere, inner surface, lateral view; (65) distal segment of aedeagus, lateral view; (66) female terminalia, lateral view.

FIGURES 142–156. (142–149) Cacopsylla crenulatae: (142) head, dorsal view; (143) vertex, dorsal view; (144) last antennal segment; (145) metacoxa; (146, 147) forewing; (148) forewing showing surface spinules; (149) female circumanal ring. (150– 156) Cacopsylla falcicauda: (150) head, dorsal view; (151) vertex, dorsal view; (152) antenna; (153) last antennal segment; (154) forewing; (155) forewing showing surface spinules; (156) paramere, posterior view.

FIGURES 251–258. (251) Arytinnis proboscidea, adult, lateral view. (252–255) Cacopsylla crenulatae: (252) adult, lateral view; (253) head, dorsal view; (254, 255) immature. (256–258) Cacopsylla falcicauda: (256) female, habitus, lateral view; (257) male, habitus, lateral view; (258) adult, dorsal view.