Anaballetus chilensis, Newton & Švec & Fikáček, 2017

Newton, Alfred F., Švec, Zdeněk & Fikáček, Martin, 2017, A new genus and two new species of Leiodinae from Chile, with keys to world genera of Sogdini and Leiodinae from Chile and Argentina (Coleoptera: Leiodidae), Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 57 (1), pp. 121-140 : 129-132

Anaballetus chilensis sp. nov.

( Figs 1–4 )

Type locality. Chile, La Araucanía Region, Malleco Province, PN Nahuelbuta, Sendero Piedra, 37°49.5′S 73°0.8′W, 1180 m a.s.l.

Type material. HOLOTYPE: ♂ ( NMPC): “ CHILE: IX. La Araucanía Region / PN Nahuelbuta, Sendero Piedra / de Aguila at Araucaria Milenaria / 27.xi.-12.xii.2013; 1180 m / 37°49.5’S 73°0.8’W; Fikáček, / Kment & Vondráček CH15 // flight intercept trap in sparse / Nothofagus / Araucaria forest with / understory of bushes+ Chusquea / and numeous [sic!] mosses”. PARATYPES. CHILE: 4 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀, 60 unsexed specimens ( NMPC, ZSPC): same data as the holotype; 1♀ ( ZSPC):“CHILE CE reg. X / S of CARIRRINGUE / PANGUIPULLI / 20.1.2004 / LGT.M. SNÍŽEK”; 1 ♂ 4♀♀ ( NMPC, ZSPC): “CHILE: IX. La Araucanía Region / PN Nahuelbuta, 0.9 km W of / Pehuenco, lower part Sendero / Piedra de Aguila, 11.xii.2013; / 37°49.7’S 73°1.1’W; 1140 m, / Fikáček, Kment & Vondráček lgt. / CH35 // Nothophagus-Araucaria forest / intercept trap”; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( NZAC) , 11 specimens, sex indet. ( SEMC): “CHILE: Osorno / Lago Puyehue, 2 km W / Termas de Puyehue / 40°42’S 72°22’W, 300 m / 13-30 Nov. 1994 R. Lesch- / en&C. Carlton #182 / ex: flight intercept trap”; 1♂ ( NZAC): “CHILE: Talca / 66.5 km E. San Clemente / 625 m, 35°48’S 70°55’W / 5-18 Nov. 1994 R. Lesch- / chen, C. Carlton #114 / ex: flight intercept trap”; 1 specimen, sex indet. ( SEMC): same data except “#113”; 1 ♀ ( NZAC): “CHILE: Osorno / 14.5 km W Puaucho / 40°37’S 73°45’W, 175 m / 11-28 Nov. 1994, H. Les- / chen&C. Carlton #170 / ex: flight intercept trap”; 6 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ [1♀ dissected on permanent microscope slide in Permount] ( FMNH): CHILE: Cautín, Bellavista, N shore Lago Villarrica, 310 m, [39°12′S 72°8′W], 15.-30.xii.1982, A. Newton & M. Thayer ANMT 655, Valdivian rainforest, window trap; 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀ ( MHNG): CHILE: Cautín, P.N. Huerquehue , 800-900 m, 22-24.xii.1990, Agosti & Burckhardt A&B 16a, forest litter; 1 ♂ ( FMNH): CHILE: Cautín, Río Huachitivo, 1.xi.1992, T. Cekalovic TC-324; 1 ♂ ( FMNH): CHILE: Cautín, Villarrica (15 km NE), Flor del Lago, 300 m, [39°8′S 72°16′W], 14.xii.1984 - 10.ii.1985, S. & J. Peck #85-29, FMHD#85-914, Nothofagus forest, FIT; 2 ♀♀ ( FMNH): CHILE: Concepción, Cerro Caracol, [36°50′S 73°2′W], 17.xi.1993, T. Cekalovic TC-367 [Berlese]; 2 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ ( FMNH): CHILE: Concepción, Cerro Caracol, Mirador Alemán, 100 m, [36°51′S 73°1′W], 2.x.1993, T. Cekalovic TC-364, Berlese funnels; 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀ ( FMNH): same data except 28.xi.1993, TC-368; 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ( FMNH): CHILE: Concepción, Chome, [36°46′S 73°13′W], 21.ix.1991, T. Cekalovic; 1♀ ( FMNH): same data except 14.x.1995, TC-456, Berlese funnels; 1♂ [dissected on temporary microscope slide in glycerin] ( FMNH): CHILE: Concepción, Estero Nonguén , [36°52′S 73°0′W], 29.iv.1978, T.Cekalovic TC-79; 1 ♂ ( MHNG): same data except 19.viii.1978, TC-84; 2 ♀♀ ( FMNH): same data except 26.xi.2003, TC-748; 1 ♂ 1♀ ( ANIC):same data except 15 Oct.1977 [no TC #]; 3♂♂ 1♀ ( FMNH), 1♂ 1♀ ( MCZ): CHILE:Concepción, Fundo Collico, Km 8 S Florida, 6.ix.1978, T. Cekalovic TC-53; 1 ♂ ( FMNH): CHILE: Concepción, Las Escaleras, [36°11′S 73°46′W], 29.viii.1993, T. Cekalovic,TC-359, ex Chusquea ; 1♂ ( FMNH):CHILE: Concepción, Patagual, [37°1′S 73°1′W], 28.xi.1993, T. Cekalovic TC-369 [Berlese litter]; 1 ♀ ( FMNH): CHILE: Concepción, Periquillo, [36°57′S 72°57′W], 13.ix.1992, T. Cekalovic; 1 sex indet. [completely dissected, parts glued on card] ( MNNC): CHILE: Coquimbo, Co. Santa Inés, 24-5-1978, J. Solervicens [Choapa province, 32°09′47.15″S, 71°29′44.00″W, elevation 638 m, coastal cloud forest, teste J. Solervicens in lit. 25 May 2016]; 1 unsexed spec. ( UMCE): CHILE: Llanquihue, P.N. Perez Rosales, Nov.1976, J. Solervicens; 1♂ ( FMNH): CHILE:Malleco, M.N. Contulmo, Sendero Lemu Mau, 410 m, 38°0.74’S 73°11.13’W, 8.xii.2002, Newton, Thayer ANMT 1059, FMHD#2002-063, Nothofagus obliqua -Eucryphia cordifolia ++ w/fern & bamboo understory, berl., leaf & log litter; 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀ ( FMNH): same data except 8.-24.xii.2002, Thayer, Newton, Solodovnikov, Chani, Clarke, FMHD#2002-061, flight intercept trap; 1 sex indet. ( SEMC): CHILE: Malleco, Malalcahuello (11.4 km E), 1425 m, 38°28’S 71°30’W, 18 Nov.-2 Dec.1994, R. Leschen & C. Carlton RL&CC#190, Nothofagus - Araucaria forest, flight intercept trap; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( FMNH): CHILE: Malleco,Malalcahuello (6.5 km E), 1080 m, [38°28′S 71°31′W], 13-31.xii.1982, A. Newton & M. Thayer ANMT 651, FMHD#82-846, Nothofagus dombeyi w/ Chusquea , window trap; 1 ♂ ( MHNG): CHILE: Malleco, P.N. Nahuelbuta , 1100 m, 14-17.xii.1990, Agosti & Burckhardt A&B 9a, forest litter; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( FMNH): CHILE: Malleco, P.N. Nahuelbuta, 2.3 km W Los Portones entrance, 1150 m, 37°49.41’S 72°58.95’W, 7-25.xii.2002, Thayer, Newton ANMT 1057, FMHD#2002-057, Nothofagus dombeyi +? antarctica, mostly open understory, carrion trap (octopus); 2 ♂♂ 2♀♀ ( FMNH): CHILE:Malleco, P.N. Nahuelbuta,E of Guardería Pichinahuel, 1290 m, 37°48.2’S 73°1.41’W, 5-24.xii.2002, Thayer,Newton, Solodovnikov,Clarke, Chani ANMT 1054, FMHD#2002-041, Araucaria-Nothofagus dombeyi w/ Chusquea bamboo, flight intercept trap; 1♂ ( FMNH):CHILE:Malleco, P.N. Nahuelbuta, vic. Pehuenco (Centro de Visitantes), 1130 m, 37°49.6’S 73°0.47’W, 6.xii.2002, Newton, Thayer ANMT 1056, FMHD#2002-050, Nothofagus (decid.) w/shrubby understory, no bamboo, berl., leaf & log litter; 2 ♂♂ ( FMNH): CHILE: Osorno, P.N. Puyehue, 4.1 km E Anticura, 430 m, [40°39.7′S 72°8.1′W], 19-26.xii.1982, A. Newton & M. Thayer ANMT 662, FMHD#82-840,Valdivian rainforest, window trap (incl. Malaise); 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ( FMNH): CHILE: Osorno, P.N. Puyehue, Aguas Calientes, 600 m, [40°44′S 72°18′W], 18.xii.1984 - 8.ii.1985, S. & J. Peck #85-39, FMHD#85-924, Nothofagus forest, Malaise trap; 1 ♂ ( AMNH): CHILE: Osorno,Termas de Puyehue, 180 m, 24 November 1981, N. Platnick & R. Schuh, modified forest, concentrated berlese floor litter & moss; 1 spec., ( MNNC): Quillota, 9 97 [September 1897, in P. Germain handwriting]; 1 spec. ( MNNC): [Santiago], Cord.Aculeo, Ger. [P. Germain] 1893, “1573” [P. Germain catalog number, see GERMAIN (1911: 62), = “ Hydnobius globulosus P. G. ined.”]; 5♂♂ 3♀♀, 10 unsexed spec.( UMCE, some to be deposited in MNNC):CHILE: Santiago, Reserva Nacional Río Clarillo, 23.vii-20. viii.1991, J. Solervicens, en trampa Barber; 3♀♀, 18 unsexed spec.( UMCE, some to be deposited in MNNC): same data except 20.viii.-3.x.1991; 1spec., ( UMCE): same data except Oct. 1994; 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀ ( FMNH): CHILE: Santiago, Tiltil, La Dormida, 800 m, x.1982, L.E. Peña, FMHD#82-426, under Quillaja saponacia ; 1 ♂ ( FMNH): same data except 13-20.xi.1982, FMHD#82-432, under Drymis winteri ; 1 ♀ ( FMNH): CHILE: Talca, Alto de Vilches, 70 km E Talca, 1300 m, [35°36′S 71°4′W], 5.xii.1984, 20.ii.1985, S. & J. Peck #85-6, FMHD#85-891, Nothofagus forest, FIT; 1 ♀ ( FMNH): CHILE:Talca, R.N. Altos del Lircay, Sendero Laguna del Alto, 1240 m, 35°36.62’S 71°3.92’W, 3-26.xii.2002, Thayer, Newton, Clarke ANMT 1052, FMHD#2002-032, Nothofagus dombeyi & antarctica forest, dense understory, flight intercept trap ; 1 unsexed spec. ( MNNC): Talca, Altos de Vilches, 9-11 Oct 1971, M. Pino; 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀ ( FMNH): CHILE: Valdivia, La Unión (34 km WNW), 700 m, [40°12′S 73°23′W], 17.xii.1984 – 7.ii.1985, S. & J. Peck #85-37, FMHD#85-922, mixed evergreen forest, FIT; 1 unsexed spec. ( SEMC): CHILE: Valdivia, Panguipulli (30.0 km SE), 200 m, 39°44’S 72°20’W, 15 Nov. 1994, R. Leschen & C. Carlton RL&CC#107, sifting leaf litter; 2 spec., ( MNNC): “1805” only [Philippi collection number, now without correlation to other data].

Additional material (not designated as paratypes because either we did not personally examine them ( MNNC specimens identified by M. Elgueta), or they are not now available to be labeled as paratypes): 2 spec. ( MNNC): CHILE: Cauquenes , R. N. Los Queules, Octubre 2001, leg. P. Moreno ; 3 spec., ( MNNC): CHILE: Maipo, Rangue , 5-11 Junio 2004, leg. M. Elgueta y M. Guerrero, trampa Barber, bosque higrófilo + esclerófilo ; 1 spec. ( TMSA): CHILE: Malleco, Victoria (6 km W), 38°14′S 72°26′W, 28-Nov-1990, Endrödy-Younga, E-Y CHI 168, forest floor litter ; 2 spec., ( TMSA): CHILE: Maule, Laguna Almargo , 700 m, 36°22′S 71°26′W, 6-Dec-1990, Endrödy-Younga, E-Y CHI 184, sifted forest floor .

Description. Body length 3.3–3.6 mm, in holotype 3.4 mm. Length of body parts (holotype): head 0.6 mm, pronotum 0.8 mm, elytra 2.0 mm, antenna 0.9 mm, aedeagus 0.8 mm. Maximum width of body parts (holotype): head 0.9 mm, pronotum 1.6 mm, elytra 1.7 mm.

Body ovoid ( Fig. 1A ), convex ( Fig. 1B ), brown-black, anterior margin of clypeus and pronotal margins lighter, legs red-brown with reddish anterior tarsi, AI–AVII reddish, AVIII–AXI infuscate. Head with strigae in some places, pronotum without microsculpture, elytra with transverse strigae. Entire dorsum punctured. Underside almost entirely microsculptured by elongate cells oriented transversally or obliquely ( Figs 3B–C ).

Head. Very coarsely punctured, transversely wrinkled, punctures connected by oblique or longitudinal transverse strigae in some places ( Fig. 1C ). Punctures separated by about 2–3 times their own diameter. Several short erect setae placed at clypeus and near eyes. AI–AVI with several setae, antennal club more densely setose ( Fig. 2B ). Ratio of length of antennomeres II–XI (AII = 1.0): 1.0: 1.4: 0.6: 0.5: 0.5: 1.1: 0.5: 1.2: 1.2: 1.9. Ratio of width of AII–AXI (AII = 1.0): 1.0: 0.9: 0.8: 0.9: 1.1: 2.3: 1.6: 2.8: 2.9: 2.5. W/L of AII–AXI: 0.7: 0.4: 0.9: 1.2: 1.3: 1.5: 2.2: 1.7: 1.8: 1.0.

Pronotum. Very finely punctured, punctures separated by about 6–7 times their diameter, several larger punctures dispersed before base. Punctation coarser and denser near lateral margin. Base nearly straight for middle 8/10, obliquely angled toward hind angles, not bordered. Hind angles obtuse in both dorsal and lateral view ( Figs 1A–B ). Lateral margins bordered, roundly tapered from base towards anterior rounded angles as seen dorsally; in lateral view, margin slightly curved, and slightly downturned before hind angles. Anterior margin finely bordered.

Scutellum. Triangular, sparsely finely punctate like pronotum, with abruptly rounded apex.

Elytra. With nine rows of punctures, 9 th row parallel to lateral margin ( Figs 1A–B ). Punctures in each elytral row separated by about 2–3 times their diameter. Intervals with irregularly distributed punctures that are distinctly smaller than those in rows, separated by about 4 times or more their own diameter. Punctures in rows and intervals equipped with transverse strigae. Strigae getting longer, connecting neighbouring punctures laterally, and apically becoming distinctly deeper. Apical part of elytra with transverse wrinkles created by presence of deep strigae ( Fig. 1B ). Epipleura visible in lateral view; with short yellow erect setae (setae not visible in dorsal view). Sutural stria fine, punctured, confined approximately to apical third of elytral length.

Legs. TI–TIV of anterior and mid-tarsi of male feebly widened and bearing tenent setae ventrally ( Figs 3E,G ), same tarsomeres of female and hind tarsomeres of both sexes slender and with simple setae only ventrally ( Fig. 3H ); all tarsomeres dorsally with several stiff setae, anterior tarsomeres more densely setose on underside than others; empodia of all tarsi bisetose ( Figs 3G, H ). Anterior tibiae with tarsal groove at dorsal surface as long as tarsus ( Fig. 3B , trgr). All tibiae with strong spines laterally ( Figs 3B,F,H ). Longest lateral spines approximately as long as TI, longest terminal spines a little longer than TI. Hind tibiae and femora without distinctive characters ( Fig. 3H ).

Mesoventrite. Concave, abruptly falling between mesocoxae with short low rounded longitudinal carina ( Figs 3A,C–D ; msvc). Procoxal rest with low but distinct longitudinal central carina ( Fig. 3A,D ; prre).

Metaventrite. Coarsely densely punctured with exception of strip before hind coxae ( Fig. 3A ). Punctures equipped with recumbent setae. Anterior process broadly rounded, reaching between mid-coxae; anterior process and portion of metaventrite behind mesocoxal cavities distinctly bordered ( Fig. 3A ).

Metathoracic wings fully developed ( Fig. 2E ).

Abdominal ventrites. Five visible ventrites, very finely punctured and setose ( Fig. 3H ). Without unusual characters.

Genitalia. Aedeagus as in Fig. 1D ; parameres with short apical and preapical medial setae. Ovipositor ( Fig. 1I ) with elongate but unusually broad proximal and distal gonocoxites, and small apical stylus (scarcely longer than wide). Spermatheca not sclerotized.

Variability. The new species varies slightly in colour of dorsum from dark brown to almost black and colour of antennal club from light club almost coloured as AI–AVI to antennal club black. The head in some of the paratypes is very coarsely punctured but not wrinkled. The density of pronotal and elytral punctation varies – the pronotal punctures are separated by 2–4 times their own diameter in some paratypes to 6–8 times their own diameter in other paratypes; elytral rows of punctures are more densely punctured in some paratypes than in the holotype, separated by 1–2 times their own diameter.

Etymology. The species name is a Latinized adjective derived from the name of the country of origin.

Distribution and biology. The species has a wide distribution in Chile, from region IV (Coquimbo) in the north to region X (Los Lagos) in the south, and from coastal areas and mountains through the central valley to the Andes ( Fig. 7A ). Specimens have been collected in various kinds of indigenous forests (Valdivian rainforest and Nothofagus -dominant forests, with or without Araucaria trees or Chusquea bamboo understory, to drier forests and woodlands), at elevations from 100 m to more than 1400 m, mainly by use of flight intercept (window) traps, Berlese sampling of leaf litter, and pitfall traps. No fungus associations are known, but the compact body form and strong spinose legs suggest it may be associated with subterranean fungi, as is known or suspected for various other Sogdini species (e.g., NEWTON 1998).

Figures

Fig. 1. Anaballetus chilensis gen. & sp. nov., holotype (A–D) and female paratype (E–I). A–B – body in dorsal and lateral view; C – head in dorsal view; D – aedeagus in dorsal view; E – mandibles; F – labium; G – maxilla; H – antenna; I – ovipositor in ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm applies to A–B, 0.25 mm to D–I.

Fig.2.Anaballetus chilensis gen.& sp.nov., paratypes (A–D – male; E – female).A – head in ventral view; B – antenna, ventral view; C – detail of mouthparts; D – detail of antennomere 11 in ventral view; E – hind wing. Not to scale.

Fig.3. Anaballetus chilensis gen. & sp. nov., male paratype.A – meso- and metathorax in ventral view; B – prothorax and anterior leg; C–D – detail of median part of meso- and metaventrite (C – ventral view; D – ventrolateral view); E – protarsus; F – mesothoracic leg; G – mesotarsus; H – metathoracic leg and abdomen.Not to scale.Abbreviations: msvc – mesoventral carina; prre – procoxal rests; trgr – tarsal groove of protibia.

Fig. 4. Anaballetus chilensis gen. & sp. nov., female paratype; abdominal-elytral binding patches.A–E – abdominal tergites (A–B – tergites V–VIII; C–E – details of cuticular structures of tergite VII). F–H – ventral surface of elytron.

Fig. 7. Type locality and distribution of Anaballetus chilensis sp. nov. and Neohydnobius irregularis sp. nov. A–B – distribution of both species in Chile; C – flight intercept trap in the Araucaria araucana forest in PN Nahuelbuta (37°49.5′S 73°0.8′W) at which examined specimens were collected; D – general view of the Araucaria forests in the area where specimens were collected (PN Nahuelbuta, view from Piedra de Aguila towards Pehuenco). Photos by M. Fikáček.