Spiriferina d’Orbigny, 1847

Macfarlan, Donald Alexander Bankier, 2023, Latest Triassic and Early Jurassic Spiriferinida (Brachiopoda) of Zealandia (New Zealand and New Caledonia), Zootaxa 5277 (1), pp. 1-58 : 8

Spiriferina d’Orbigny, 1847

1847 Spiriferina d’Orbigny , p. 268.

1877 Spiriferina d’Orbigny, 1847 ; Dall, p. 65.

1965 Spiriferina d’Orbigny ; 1847; Pitrat, p. 711.

1989 Spiriferina d’Orbigny, 1847 ; Cooper, p. 67.

2006 Spiriferina d’Orbigny, 1847 ; Carter, p. 1930.

2013 Spiriferina d’Orbigny, 1847 ; Alméras & Cougnon, p. 25.

Type Species. Spirifer walcotti J. de C. Sowerby, 1823 SD Dall, 1877, p. 64 .

Spiriferina is used here for strongly ribbed spiriferinides with a narrow V-shaped sulcus and fold, which are close to the type species, Spiriferina walcotti , and to S. muensteri ( Davidson 1851) . The alternative view is that the type species should be the unribbed Terebratulites rostratus von Schlotheim 1822 , which means that the non-costate Liospiriferina Rousselle, 1977 is an objective synonym of Spiriferina . The issue is summarised by Baeza-Carratalá et al. (2016), who follow the revised Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology (Carter 2006) in retaining S. walcotti as type species, and this is followed here.

In this sense, Spiriferina is known from the Jurassic of Britain ( Sowerby 1823, MacKinnon 1974, Ager 1994), Western Europe ( Alméras & Cougnon 2013), Austria ( Siblík 1999) Bulgaria (Tchoumatchenko 1996), Algeria ( Alméras et al. 2007), Morocco ( Rousselle 1977), Greenland ( Rosenkrantz 1934) and Argentina ( Manceñido 1981, Damborenea & Manceñido 1992). Spiriferina retziaeformis Wanner & Knipscheer 1951 from the Early Jurassic of the Indonesian island of Seram is small and strongly costate with a high beak on the ventral valve. It also appears to belong to Spiriferina as understood here. World distribution of Spiriferina and of other Jurassic spiriferinide genera recognised from Zealandia is shown in Fig. 6 .

Two Zealandian species are included in Spiriferina , one of moderately large size and one small.

Figures

FIGURE 6. World distribution of spiriferinide genera. Data from Fossilworks (downloaded 2 April 2020) and relevant literature. Base maps from Alroy (2013). Online paleogeographic map generator. http://paleodb.org/?a=mapForm Maps drawn on equirectangular projection for 185 ma, focal co-ordinates -80°, 180°. New Zealand and New Caledonia in the Jurassic were a series of terranes on the subducted margin of Gondwana, and the positions shown on this map are approximate.