Callibaetis fluminensis, Cruz & Salles & Hamada, 2009

Cruz, P. V., Salles, F. F. & Hamada, N., 2009, Two new species of Callibaetis Eaton (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Southeastern Brazil, Zootaxa 2261 (1), pp. 23-38 : 25-30

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.2261.1.2

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AF8783-FFB8-FFA1-58EE-FE71FAEEFF62

treatment provided by

Felipe

scientific name

Callibaetis fluminensis
status

sp. nov.

Callibaetis fluminensis View in CoL sp. n.

( Figs. 1–26 View FIGURES 1–9 View FIGURES 10–16 View FIGURES 17–18 View FIGURES 19–26 )

Male Imago. Maximum length: Body 6.1 mm; cerci 10.0 mm; forewing 5.4 mm; hind wing 0.8 mm; antenna 1.3 mm; tibia I 1.9 mm; tibia II 1.4 mm; tibia III 1.2 mm.

Head. Coloration brown. Tubinate portion of compound eyes with dorsal area and stalk orange ( Figs. 1– 2 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Antenna with apex of scape and pedicel dark brown, flagellum brownish.

Dorsal portion of turbinate eyes oval ( Fig. 1 View FIGURES 1–9 ); length 1.8 × width; stalk height 1.1 × width of dorsal portion; inner margins parallel, not touching each other.

Thorax ( Figs. 1–2 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Anteronotal protuberance and medioscutum light yellowish brown; submesoscutum whitish brown; posterior scutal protuberance brown; scutellum white surrounded with dark brown.

Anteronotal protuberance rounded.

Metascutellar protuberance pointed.

Legs. Femur I with trachea pigmented, tibia I with brown marks at base and apex, tarsi I white; femur II and III with trachea pigmented, tibia II and III with two brown marks at base and one at apex, tarsi II and III white. Leg I: tibia 1.5x length of femur; tarsi 1.4 × length of femur; and with four segments decreasing in length apically. Leg II and III: tibia 0.9 × length of femur; tarsi 0.2 × length of femur.

Wings. Forewing hyaline, except for stigmatic area brownish and small brownish spots along costal vein ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 1–9 ); veins brown; stigmatic area with seven cross veins touching Sc; marginal intercalaries paired, except between veins MP and A; length of each intercalary vein 0.4 × distance between adjacent longitudinal veins; length of forewing about 2.5 × width.

Hind wing hyaline with three complete longitudinal veins and five cross veins ( Fig. 4 View FIGURES 1–9 ); costal process rounded, located on basal third.

Abdomen. Terga light yellowish brown, lateral margin brown; tracheation not pigmented. Sterna light yellowish brown, with black round mark anterolaterally. Caudal filaments white, base and apex of every segment dark brown.

Genitalia. Forceps segment I light yellowish brown, segment II white with apex reddish brown, segment III white ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Forceps segment I wide at base and with small distomedial projection, 0.5 × length of segment II; distance between base of forceps 4.7 × distance between lateral margins of forceps. Forceps segment II narrow medially. Forceps segment III oval, 1.3 × as long as wide; 0.1 × length of segment II. Posterior margin of styliger plate straight, with wide and small dorsal projection.

Female Imago. Maximum length: body 6 mm; cerci 11.5 mm; forewing 5.5 mm; hind wing 1.1 mm; antenna 1.4 mm; tibia I 1.1 mm; tibia II 1.2 mm; tibia III 1.2 mm.

Head. Coloration brown ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 1–9 ); compound eyes black with longitudinal brown line. Antenna with apex of scape and pedicel dark brown, flagellum brownish.

Thorax ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Anteronotal protuberance blackish dark brown; medioscutum brown; submesoescutum black washed with white; posterior scutal protuberance dark brown; scutellum white with posterior margin dark brown.

Anteronotal protuberance rounded.

Metascutellar protuberance pointed.

Legs. Femur I, II and III with trachea pigmented, one brown spot apically, other subapically; tibia I, II and

III with one brown spot basally, subapically and apically; tarsi I, II and III light brown. Leg I: tibia 1x length of femur; tarsi 0.5 × length of femur; and with 4 segments decreasing in length apically. Leg II: tibia 0.7x length of femur; tarsi 0.4 × length of femur. Leg III: tibia 0.6 × length of femur; tarsi 0.2 × length of femur.

Wings. Forewing hyaline, except C, Sc, R1 and area around bulla brown colored ( Fig. 7 View FIGURES 1–9 ); veins brown; stigmatic area with minimum of three cross veins touching Sc; marginal intercalaries paired, except between veins CuA and A; length of each intercalary vein 0.4 × distance between adjacent longitudinal veins; length of forewing about 2.4 × width.

Hind wing hyaline, except brown spot at base ( Figs. 8 View FIGURES 1–9 ); three complete longitudinal veins and six cross veins; costal process rounded, located on basal third.

Abdomen. Terga light yellowish brown, laterally brown with many red spots ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Tracheation not pigmented. Sterna white with many red spots ( Fig. 9 View FIGURES 1–9 ). Caudal filaments white, base and apex of every segment dark brown.

Mature nymph. Length of body: 7.2 mm; cerci: 7.2 mm; terminal filament: 4.8 mm; antennae: 6.4 mm.

Head. Light yellowish brown. Antenna yellowish white.

Antenna ( Fig. 10 View FIGURES 10–16 ) with fine, simple setae on apex of each segment. Lateral branch of epicranial suture curved. Frontal keel absent.

Labrum. Sub-rectangular; length about 0.6 × maximum width; distal margin with subquadrangular small emargination ( Fig. 11a View FIGURES 10–16 ); with lateral and anterolateral long, fine, simple setae; medially with, short, robust, apically serrated setae ( Fig. 11b View FIGURES 10–16 ); dorsally with long, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; submarginal row of setae absent; ventrally with short, spine-like setae near anterolateral margin.

Right mandible ( Fig. 12 View FIGURES 10–16 ). Incisors deeply cleft in two sets, inner and outer set of incisors respectively with 4 + 4 denticles; prostheca stout, bifurcated at apex; margin between prostheca and mola straight with tuft of setae; tuft of spine-like setae at base of mola present; tuft of setae at apex of mola present; lateral margins slightly convex; basal half with short, fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Left mandible ( Fig. 13 View FIGURES 10–16 ). Incisors cleft in two sets, inner and outer set of incisors respectively with 4 + 4 denticles; prostheca robust and bifid; margin between prostheca and mola straight with tuft of setae; tuft of spine-like setae at base of mola present; subtriangular process wide, at the same level as area between prostheca and mola; denticles of mola not constricted; tuft of setae at apex of mola present; lateral margins slightly convex; basal half with short, fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface.

Hypopharynx ( Fig. 14 View FIGURES 10–16 ). Lingua with three lobes in distal margin; superlingua not expanded; short, fine, simple setae scattered over distal margin of lingua and superlingua.

Maxilla ( Fig. 15 View FIGURES 10–16 ). Crown of galea-lacinia with four denticles; double row of setae with two denti-setae. Medial protuberance of galea with 1+ 5 spine-like setae. Maxillary palp long, 1/5 longer than length of galealacinia; palp segment II 1 × length of segment I; segment I of maxillary palp with short and pointed setae on over surface; segment II with robust, short and pointed setae in medial surface.

Labium. Glossa with regular width along entire length and subequal in length to paraglossa ( Fig. 16a View FIGURES 10–16 ); inner margin with 14 spine-like setae increasing in length apically; apex with many short, spine-like setae; outer margin with many long spine-like setae. Ventral surface scattered with long, fine, simple setae and one robust, short pectinated spine-like seta near apical margin ( Fig. 16b View FIGURES 10–16 ). Paraglossa curved inward ( Fig. 16a View FIGURES 10–16 ); apex with two rows of simple setae. Ventrally with many long, fine and simple setae. Labial palp with segment I 0.9 × length of segments II and III combined; segment I covered with short, robust, simple setae and micropores; inner and outer margin with many robust, simple setae and many long, fine simple setae; dorsally with row of many long, fine and simple setae; segment III concave, length 1.5 × width, covered with spinelike simple setae along margins and fine, simple setae, scattered over outer surface.

Thorax. Pronotum yellowish, anterior and posterior margin brown; brownish spot near midline; mesonotum yellowish with brown and light brown marks; metanotum yellowish with brown and dark brown marks.

Foreleg. Brownish white. Ratio of foreleg 1.3: 1 (0.8mm): 0.5: 0.3. Femur ( Fig. 17a View FIGURES 17–18 ). Length about 0.2 × maximum width; dorsally with row of short, spine-like setae and row of short, fine, simple setae; length of setae about 0.1 × maximum width of femur; apex with five or six robust spine-like setae ( Fig. 17c View FIGURES 17–18 ); ventrally with row of short, spine-like setae and row of long, fine, simple setae. Anterior surface with robust spine-like setae near dorsal margin and robust three and two-pointed spine-like setae near ventral margin ( Fig. 17b View FIGURES 17–18 ). Tibia. Dorsally with four to five short spine-like setae and with many long, fine, simple setae; ventrally with two rows of short, spine-like setae, one row of three-pointed spine-like setae and few long, short, fine, simple setae. Anterior surface with many short, robust, spine-like setae. Tibio-patelar suture present. Tarsus. Dorsally with one to two short, robust, spine-like setae; ventrally with two rows of long spine-like setae and one row of three-pointed spine-like setae. Tarsal claw with two rows of denticles increasing in size distally ( Fig. 17d View FIGURES 17–18 ).

Middle and hind leg. Femora with one row of short spine-like setae dorsally and ventrally. Anterior surface with many robust, curved, pectinated setae near ventral and dorsal margin ( Figs. 18a–c View FIGURES 17–18 ). Anterior surface of tibiae and tarsi with many robust bipectinated spine-like setae ( Fig. 18d View FIGURES 17–18 ). Claws with two rows of small denticles ( Fig. 18e View FIGURES 17–18 ).

Abdomen. Segments II, III, V and VII with brown pigmentation as in Figure 19 View FIGURES 19–26 . Terga. Surface creased. Posterior margin with regular spines, 3 × as long as wide. Sterna. Surface with scattered fine, simple setae. Segments with posterior margin with spines: II–IX ( Fig. 20 View FIGURES 19–26 ).

Gills. Margin smooth; tracheae extending from main trunk to outer margin. Gill I subequal in length to segment II ( Figs. 21a–c View FIGURES 19–26 ); with two folds; trachea pigmented. Gill IV as long as length of segments V to VII combined ( Fig. 22 View FIGURES 19–26 ); with two folds. Gill VII as long as length of segments VIII to IX ( Fig. 23 View FIGURES 19–26 ); with two folds.

Paraproct with 28–30 marginal spines; surface with micropores and short fine, simple setae ( Fig. 24 View FIGURES 19–26 ); postero-lateral extension with minute marginal spines.

Inner margin of cercus and inner and outer margins of terminal filament with tufts of long setae ( Figs. 25– 26 View FIGURES 19–26 ). Caudal filaments ( Fig. 26 View FIGURES 19–26 ) brown; posterior margin of segments with short spines on each segment, and long spines on every three segments.

Diagnosis: C. fluminensis sp. n. can be distinguished from other species of the genus by following combination of characters:

In the male imagines: 1) dorsal portion of turbinate eyes oval, inner margins parallel, not touching each other ( Fig. 1 View FIGURES 1–9 ); 2) forewing hyaline, except for brownish stigmatic area and small brownish spots along costal vein ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 1–9 ); 3) marginal intercalaries paired, except between veins MP and A; 4) length of each intercalary vein 0.4 × distance between adjacent longitudinal veins; 5) hind wing hyaline with three complete longitudinal veins and five cross veins ( Fig. 4a–b View FIGURES 1–9 ); 6) costal process rounded; 7) sterna with black round mark anterolaterally ( Fig. 2 View FIGURES 1–9 ); 8) forceps segment I wide at base and with small distomedial projection ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 1–9 ); 9) forceps segment III oval, 1.3 × as long as wide ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 1–9 ).

In the female imagines: 1) forewing hyaline, except C, Sc, R1 and area around bulla brown colored ( Fig. 7 View FIGURES 1–9 ); 2) marginal intercalaries paired, except between veins CuA and A; 3) hind wing hyaline, except brown spot at base toward costal process, three complete longitudinal veins and six cross veins ( Fig. 8a–b View FIGURES 1–9 ); 4) costal process rounded; 5) sterna white with many red spots ( Fig. 9 View FIGURES 1–9 ).

In the nymph: 1) antenna with fine, simple setae on apex of each segment ( Fig. 10 View FIGURES 10–16 ); 2) labrum subrectangular ( Fig. 11a View FIGURES 10–16 ), distal margin with subquadrangular small emargination ( Fig. 11b View FIGURES 10–16 ); 3) glossa subequal in length to paraglossa ( Fig. 16a View FIGURES 10–16 ); 4) labial palp with inner and outer margin with many robust, simple setae and many long, fine simple setae ( Fig. 16a View FIGURES 10–16 ); 5) anterior surface of fore femur with robust three and two pointed spine-like setae near ventral margin ( Fig. 17b View FIGURES 17–18 ); 6) fore tarsus dorsally with one or two short, robust, spine-like setae; ventrally two rows of long spine-like setae and one row of three-pointed spine-like setae; 7) anterior surface of hind femur with many robust, curved, pectinated setae near ventral and dorsal margin ( Figs. 18b–c View FIGURES 17–18 ); 8) anterior surface of hind tibia and tarsi with many robust bipectinated spine-like setae ( Fig. 18d View FIGURES 17–18 ); 9) gill VII as long as length of segments VIII to IX; with two folds; 10) caudal filament with posterior margin of segments with short spines on each segment, and long spines on every three segments ( Fig. 25 View FIGURES 19–26 ).

Etymology. After “Fluminense,” the name by which people born in the state of Rio de Janeiro are known.

Material examined. Holotype, female imago with corresponding nymphal exuviae, BRAZIL, Rio de Janeiro State, Nova Friburgo County, Lumiar (22º 23' 27,2''S; 42º 20' 03,6''W), 3 rd order tributary of the Rio Bonito , pool, V/ 2008, Souza, M. R. col GoogleMaps . Paratypes: ten nymphs, two males same data (both reared) GoogleMaps . Holotype and five paratypes housed at INPA. Other paratypes deposited at UFES and IBRJ .

Discussion. The adults of C. fluminensis sp. n. and C. willineri are similar, although females of C. fluminensis sp. n. have a pigmented area around bulla and hind wings have a brown spot at base, this does not occur in C. willineri . The male of C. fluminensis sp. n. has the fore wing hyaline with pigmented stigmatic area. The nymphs have maxillary palp long, 1/5 longer than length of galea-lacinia in C. fluminensis sp. n. and subequal in length to galea-lacinia in C. willineri ; anterior surface of hind femur with many robust, curved, pectinated setae near ventral and dorsal margins in C. fluminensis sp. n.; this does not occur in C. willineri .

R

Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile

INPA

Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia

UFES

Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Ephemeroptera

Family

Baetidae

Genus

Callibaetis

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