Bredemeyera petiolata M.Mota & J.F.B.Pastore, 2018

Mota, M. & Pastore, J. F. B., 2018, Two new species of Bredemeyera (Polygalaceae) from Brazil, Phytotaxa 351 (2), pp. 171-175 : 175

Bredemeyera petiolata M.Mota & J.F.B.Pastore sp. nov.

TYPE: — BRAZIL, Bahia: Barra, Vereda de Dois Riachos , 7 November 2009, A.P. Prata et al. 1977 (holotype: CTBS3535 !; isotype: ASE18152 ) .

Scandent shrubs, stem cylindrical, glabrous, branches pubescent. Leaves alternate, petiole ca. 3 mm, pubescent, lamina 2.3–2.8 × 1.7– 1.3 mm, ovate to elliptic, apex acute, base rounded, margin entire, chartaceous, upper surface glabrous, lower surface pubescent. Inflorescences in panicles. Flowers 3–4 mm long., white, pedicel 1–1.5 mm, with one bract at base 1 × 0.5 mm, ovate-oblong, externally glabrous, internally pubescent, ciliate, apex rounded, sessile, and two narrow bracteoles ca. 1.2 × 1 mm, ovate, ciliate, externally pubescent, internally puberulous; external sepals ovate, sparsely ciliate, the lower one 1.4–1.5 × 1.2–1.3 mm, externally puberulous, internally glabrous, two upper ones 1.5–1.7 × 1.1–1.3, both surfaces glabrous, two internal sepals (wings) 2.8–3 × 1.8–2.2– 2 mm, obovate, externally glabrous, internally sparsely puberulous, ciliate near the base; keel (excluding claw) 2.2–2.4 × 1.2–1.6 mm long, glabrous on both surfaces; claw ca. 0.5 mm long., glabrous, ciliate; lateral petals 2.2–2.5 × 1.2–1.3 mm, asymmetrical, apex rounded asymmetrically emarginate, externally glabrous, inner surface puberulous in midportion; filaments fused into a sheath 1.8 × 2.2–2.4 mm, internally glabrous, externally pubescent at apex, free portions 0.5 mm, glabrous; rudimentary petals absent style 1.5–2 mm long, arched, laterally compressed, puberulous; ovary 1–1.2 × 1 mm, glabrous, orbicular. Capsules 7–9 × 2–3 mm, obovate, glabrous, apex asymmetrically emarginate ( Fig. 1A ).

Notes: — Bredemeyera petiolata morphologically resembles B. barbeyana Chodat (1894: 173) but is easily distinguished by the presence of petioles (vs. sessile leaves in B. barbeyana ), the shape of the leaves (ovate to elliptic and apex acute in B. petiolata vs. oblong to ovate and apex rounded in B. barbeyana ), and by the apex of the lateral petals (asymmetrically emarginate in B. petiolata vs. rounded in B. barbeyana ) ( Fig. 2 ).

Distribution: — Bredemeyera petiolata occurs in the municipalities of Barra and Pilão Arcado of Bahia State, on the banks of the São Francisco river, Caracol and Guaribas of Piauí ( Fig. 3 ).

Specimens Examined: — BRAZIL. Bahia: Barra, Fazenda do Brejo, médio São Francisco , 11º05’S, 43º08’W, 16 November 2007, M.L. Guedes et al. 13918 ( ALCB) ; Barra, Vereda de Dois Riachos , 7 November 2009, A.P. Prata et al. 1977 ( CTBS, ASE) ; Pilão Arcado, Brejo da Serra , November 2009, A.P. Prata et al. 1971 ( ASE, CTBS). Piauí: Caracol , caverna depois da entrada do Parque , 9º13’13”S, 43º29’19”W, 17 July 2011, A.A. Conceição et al. 3394 ( HUEFS) ; Guaribas, Parna Serra das Confusões – Barreiro , 23 L 0638460, 899742, 28 March 2007, R. Barros et al. 2928 ( HUEFS, TEPB) .

Etymology:—The specific epithet refers to the petiolate leaves of the species.

Phenology: — Bredemeyera petiolata has been found in flower in March, July and November and fruiting in November.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Habit of Bredemeyera atlantica and B. petiolata. A. Bredemeyera atlantica (A.M. Assis & M.D.S. Demuner 1992); B. Bredemeyera petiolata (A.P. Prata et al. 1977).

FIGURE 2. Comparison of floral details of B. atlantica M. Mota & J.F.B. Pastore, B. laurifolia (A. St.-Hil. & Moq.) Klotzsch ex A.W. Benn and Bredemeyera hebeclada (DC.) J.F.B.Pastore and B. petiolata M. Mota & J.F.B. Pastore with B. barbeyana Chodat. Bredemeyera hebeclada (T.A.C. Lima s.n. CTBS); B. atlantica (A.M.Assis 1992); B. laurifolia (L. Kollman 10295); B. petiolata (A.P. Prata et al 1977); B. barbeyana (Hatschbach et al. 77847). [Scale bar = 1mm]. Photos by Michelle Mota.

FIGURE 3. Distribution map of B. atlantica and B. petiolata.