Scybalocanthon nigriceps, Harold 1868

Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. & Silva, Fernando A. B., 2017, A new species of the genus Scybalocanthon (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) from the Atlantic rainforest, with an identification key to the species from South America south of the Amazon basin, Zootaxa 4300 (1), pp. 142-146 : 145

2. S. nigriceps (Harold 1868)

Lectotype ♂ (MNHN) [here designated]: 1. [manuscript, Harold's handwritting] Pará; 2. [manuscript, Harold's handwritting] nigriceps T. Harold ; 3. [printed] Ex Musaeo E. Harold; 4. [green, printed] Museum Paris, ex Coll. R. Oberthur; 5. [red, printed and manuscript] HOLOTYPE ♂ Halffter '66; 6. [red, printed and manuscript] LECTOTYPE ♂ Canthon nigriceps Harold des. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014.

Paralectotypes: 1: 1. [printed] Ex Musaeo E. Harold; 2. [blue-green, printed] Muséum Paris , ex Coll. R. Oberthür 1952; 3. [yellow, printed and manuscript] PARALECTOTYPE ♀ Canthon nigriceps Harold des. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014 (1 ♀ MNHN) ; 2: 1. [printed] 26337; 2. [green, manuscript] Coronatus N. Pará d. Sieb. ; 3. [green, manuscript] nigriceps Harold * Pará; 4. [yellow, printed and manuscript] PARALECTOTYPE ♂ Canthon nigriceps Harold des. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014 (1 ♂ NMHU) ; 3: [manuscript] 26337; 2. [manuscript] nigriceps Har. Pará; 3. [yellow, printed and manuscript] PARALECTOTYPE ♀ Canthon nigriceps Harold des. F.Z. Vaz-de- Mello , 2014 (1 ♀ NMHU) ; 4: 1. [manuscript] 26337; 2. [manuscript] Pará; 3. [yellow, printed and manuscript] PARALECTOTYPE ♀ Canthon nigriceps Harold des. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014 (1 ♀ NMHU) ; 5: 1. [printed] Zoolog. Staatsslg.; 2. [round green label]; 3. [pink] TIPO; 4. [manuscript, green bordered, Harold's handwritting] Brasília C. nigriceps . Hrld. ; 5. [yellow, printed and manuscript] PARALECTOTYPE ♀ Canthon nigriceps Harold des. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014 (1 ♀ ZSM) .

Non-type material. BRAZIL: PARANÁ: Altamira do Paraná, Estrada d'Água da Bola , (52°42'W, 24°52'S), 21.I.2011, G. Weiss and P. Grossi (1 specimen CEMT) ; Cornélio Procópio, Parque Estadual Mata São Francisco , (50°34'20"W, 23°09'20"S), 19.IX.2009, N. Cipola (2 CEMT) ; Londrina , [51°10'09"W, 23°18'11"S], XII.1998, I.M. Medri (1 CEMT) ; same, several dates, J. Lopes (150 CEMT); RIO DE JANEIRO, Itatiaia , [44°34'04"W, 22°29'23"S], 7.XI.1991, Celso Jr. (1 CEMT) ; Nova Friburgo , [42°32'03"W, 22°17'19"S], XI.1991, anonymous (1 CEMT) ; SÃO PAULO: Campinas , [47°03'47"W, 22°54'34"S], II.1998, anonymous (4 CEMT) ; Serra do Japi , (46°56'W, 23°14'S), 1998, M.I.M. Hernández (48 CEMT) . PARAGUAY. CAAZAPA: Estero Cristal , [55°45'36"W, 26°06'00"S], XII.1999, anonymous (1 CEMT) .

Taxonomic notes. A lectotype is here designated in accordance to ICZN article 74 (specifically 74.1.1 and 74.7), with the taxonomic purpose of maintaining nomenclatural stability by choosing a specimen that presents characters that are easier to use for distinguishing from other species (in this case a male) from the original author's collection among the available syntypes of S. nigriceps as the single name-bearing type. It is important to note that both the original description and several syntypes state “Pará” as the type-locality. However, it is clear by direct specimen comparison that those are mislabeled specimens. Belém, called Pará during most of the 19th century, was an important port for leaving Brazil going to Europe. We strongly believe that such specimens have been either collected far southern in Brazil and have been sent to Europe from the port of Belém, or that the locality names of either Paraná (river) or Paranaguá (port) should have been mistakenly read as Pará, giving rise to the locality labels.

Distribution. S. nigriceps is distributed in the southeastern parts of the Atlantic rainforest, from Brazil to Paraguay, apparently only in the Atlantic slopes of Southeastern mountain ranges (Fig. 3).