Limois Stål, 1863

Wang, Wen-Qian, Constant, Jérôme & Qin, Dao-Zheng, 2020, Revision of the lanternfly genus Limois Stål, 1863 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Fulgoridae) with description of a new species from China, European Journal of Taxonomy 720, pp. 35-61 : 36-37

Genus Limois Stål, 1863

Limois Stål, 1863: 230 . Type species: L. westwoodii ( Hope, 1843) .

Limois – Metcalf 1947: 170. — Lallemand 1963: 54. — Chou & Lu 1981: 221. — Chou et al. 1985a: 30. — Chou et al. 1985b: 108. — Nagai & Porion 1996: 22.

Re-description

HEAD (including eyes). Much narrower than pronotum ( Figs 8B , 9B ). Vertex slightly produced in front of eyes, vertex about 2 times as broad as an eye, medially with reflexed protuberance ( Fig. 9B, H ). Pronotum almost twice as broad as vertex, with deeply impressed point at each side of median carina, each lateral area with one rounded dark spot behind eyes, lateral carinae sinuate. Mesonotum tricarinate in disc, median carina straight, intermediate carinae curved, reaching posterior margin ( Figs 8B , 9B ). Frons distinctly narrower from fronto-clypeal suture to apex, lateral margins carinate, medially with 2 or 3 longitudinal carinae; clypeus narrower and shorter than frons, labium elongate, median carina on clypeus ( Figs 4C , 9D ). Tegmina elongate, slightly broadened distad with the maximum width near apex, apically obliquely rounded, venation reticulate, tegmina hyperpterous, much longer than hindwing ( Fig. 9A ). Hindwing posterior margin indented at PCu level, apical cell and clavus venation reticulate ( Fig. 8A ). Metatibiae with 4–7 lateral spines ( Fig. 9E ).

MALE GENITALIA. Pygofer symmetrical, narrow and subquadrangular in lateral view, ventrally longer than dorsally, ventrocaudal angle slightly produced caudad ( Fig. 10A ). Anal tube subtriangular in lateral view, in dorsal view gradually broadened distad, apical margin concave; epiproct and paraproct separated in lateral view, in dorsal view epiproct short and broad, paraproct slender, surpassing the end of anal tube ( Fig. 10A, C ). Gonostyli subtriangular or oval in lateral view, submedially with a hookshaped process near dorsal side, in ventral view the styles connect only at base ( Fig. 10A, B ). Aedeagus reduced, membranous endosoma with a dorsal pair of lobes surrounding a ventral pair of lobes and the sclerotized endosomal processes, the endosomal processes paired, apical portion exposed and curved dorsad in lateral view, terminally inflated ( Fig. 10 D–F).

Distribution

China (northeast China, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Hebei, Beijing, Gansu, Ningxia, Xizang, Hunan, Sichuan, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan), Japan, Korea, Russia, Bangladesh, India, Myanmar ( Fig. 16 ).

Remarks

Lallemand (1963) established the tribe Limoisini belonging to the subfamily Aphaeninae Blanchard, 1847 and assigned Limois , together with four other genera ( Bloeteanella Lallemand, 1963 , Erilla Distant, 1906 , Hellerides Lallemand, 1963 which was synonymized with Zophiuma Fennah, 1955 by Liang (1995) in the family Lophopidae , and Neolieftinckana Lallemand, 1963 ) to this tribe. Nagai & Porion (1996) recorded seven genera ( Bloeteanella , Erilla , Limois , Neolieftinckana , Nisax Fennah, 1977 , Saramel Fennah, 1977 and Ombro Fennah, 1977 ) in Limoisini . The genus Limois differs from the other six genera in the tribe by the hindwings bicolored (red or yellow in basal part and hyaline apically) rather than concolorous over entire length. Limois also differs from Neolieftinckana by the tegmina hyaline in apical half (entirely opaque in Neolieftinckana ). From Ombro it differs by the phallobase having 4 paired lobes (with 5 paired lobes in Ombro ). From Erilla and Nisax it differs by the cephalic process of vertex slanting upwards to backwards, flattened on the vertex (cephalic process of vertex reduced in Erilla and forming a granular mass in middle of vertex in Nisax ). From Bloeteanella it differs by the frons having 2 or 3 smooth longitudinal carinae (wrinkled and grooved carinae in Bloeteanella ).

Figures

Fig. 8. Limois westwoodii (Hope, 1843), Myanmar, Nat Ma Taung, RBINS, adult male. A. Dorsal view. B. Head and thorax, dorsal view. C. Ventral view. D. Face. E. Left lateral view. F. Head and thorax, left lateral view (showing reflexed protuberance of the vertex). Photographs by J. Constant.

Fig. 9. Limois westwoodii (Hope, 1843) holotype, adult female. A. Dorsal view. B. Head and thorax, dorsal view. C. Labels. D, F. Face. E. Ventral view. G. Right lateral view. H. Head and thorax, right lateral view (showing reflexed protuberance of the vertex). Photographs by K. Child.

Fig. 4. Limois kikuchii Kato, 1932, Manchuria, K. Kikuchi leg., RBINS, adult male. A. Dorsal view. B. Head and thorax, dorsal view. C. Face. D. Ventral view. E. Head and thorax, right lateral view (showing reflexed protuberance of the vertex). F. Right lateral view. G. Labels. Photographs by J. Constant.

Fig. 10. Limois westwoodii (Hope, 1843), Myanmar, Nat Ma Taung, RBINS, male genitalia. A. Left lateral view (except phallic complex). B. Gonostylus, ventral view. C. Anal tube, dorsal view. D–F. Aedeagus. D. Dorsal view. E. Ventral view. F. Left lateral view. Photographs by J. Constant.

Fig. 16. Distribution map for species of Limois Stal, 1863.