Chone aurantiaca ( Johnson, 1901 )
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222930701250912 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B1879F-3026-5C40-FE7C-E598C29DFA42 |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
Chone aurantiaca ( Johnson, 1901 ) |
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Chone aurantiaca ( Johnson, 1901) View in CoL
( Figure 2 View Figure 2 )
Megachone aurantiaca Johnson 1901, p 431 View in CoL , Plate 18, Figures 186–192; Hartman 1938, p 19; 1959, p 549.
Chone aurantiaca: Banse 1972, p 467 View in CoL –469, Figure 2c–k View Figure 2 .
Material examined
Type material. Washington [ MCZ 1933 About MCZ , holotype], Puget Sound, Port Orchard , coll. A. Robertson, 4 July 1898 .
Non-type material. British Columbia [ RBCM 988-2 View Materials - 45 View Materials ], S end of Fitzhugh Sound, 17- 67, opposite the mouth of Rivers In, 51 ° 279N, 127 ° 499W, 125 m, coll. P. Lambert et al., 19 January 1988 (2). [ CMN 5382 About CMN ], Satellite Channel , 88 m (4). [ RBCM 985-403 View Materials - 4 View Materials ], Vancouver Island , Sea Otter Cove, 17-67, East side of Cove, 50 ° 419N, 128 ° 20.79W, intertidal, coll. P. Lambert, 4 June 1985, 23 January 1989 (1) . Washington [ USNM 43637 About USNM ] , Minnesota Reef, San Juan Island, 48 ° 31.79N, 122 ° 589W, 10 July 1968, coll. S. Heller, fine gravel, intertidal (1). [ FHL-UW 1700 ], San Juan Island , 6 July 1953, coll. R. I. Smith, in shell gravel (1). [ CMN 3775 About CMN ], Mac Arthur Bank, San Juan Archipelago, 48 ° 249N, 122 ° 569W, Sta. 740026, 11 July 1974, 80.46 m, coll. R. M. O. O’Clair (1). [ LACM-AHF], West Seattle , Vashon Island , Ferry dock, coll. B. Pernet, 7 May 2004, intertidal (7) .
Additional material. Chone farringtonae Tovar-Hernández, 2005 [ FSBC I 66733, holotype]. Chone infundibuliformis KrØyer, 1856 [ ZMUC POL- 1749, lectotype; USNM-376, paralectotype; BMNH 82.5.12.33, paralectotype]. Chone magna ( Moore, 1923) [ USNM 17281, holotype]. Chone mollis (Bush in Moore, 1904) [ YPM 2793, holotype]. Chone picta ( Verrill, 1885) [ YPM 30000, topotype].
Description (based on holotype, in parentheses variation of non-type materials)
Colour, body shape, and size. Holotype partially dehydrated, preserved body brown (bright orange-red when freshly preserved fide Johnson 1901), with iridescent, rounded small spots in anterior thoracic segments ( Figure 2A, C View Figure 2 ). Trunk cylindrical ( Figure 2C View Figure 2 ), abruptly enlarged in posterior part of abdomen ( Figure 2F View Figure 2 ). Holotype complete, branchial crown regenerating ( Figure 2A, C View Figure 2 ). Body length 74 (51–85) mm, width 4 (3–8) mm.
Branchial lobes and branchial crown. Insertion of the branchial lobes not exposed beyond collar. Branchial crown length 4 mm (12–17). Radioles: 17 pairs (25–27). Radioles with median pinnules two times longer than proximal pinnules. Radiolar tips short ( Figure 2J View Figure 2 ). The palmate membrane extends about three-quarters the length of branchial crown. Lateral flanges broad ( Figure 2H, J View Figure 2 ). Dorsal lips broadly rounded in frontal view, as long as wide, without mid-rib, resembling the ventral lips, longer than wide in dorso-lateral view. Dorsal pinnular appendages: (two pairs) united by a palmate membrane (pm) ( Figure 2I View Figure 2 ). Ventral lips rounded, as long as wide, about one-quarter the length of dorsal lips. Ventral radiolar appendages: (eight short pairs).
Peristomium . Anterior peristomial ring lobe not exposed beyond collar, distally entire, triangular. Posterior peristomial ring collar: antero-dorsal margins entire ( Figure 2A, D View Figure 2 ), forming two well-developed dorsal pockets; entire length of mid-dorsal collar margins forms a narrow gap; faecal groove broad, V-shaped, from segment of collar to segment 2 ( Figure 2A View Figure 2 ); lateral and ventral margins entire ( Figure 2B, C, E View Figure 2 ); ventral margin higher than dorsal. Ventral shield of collar swollen, horseshoe-shaped, as wide as long ( Figure 2B, E View Figure 2 ). Ratio of posterior peristomial ring collar length versus chaetiger 2 length, in lateral view: 2.5:1 ( Figure 2C View Figure 2 ).
Thorax. Chaetiger 1: two groups of eight elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae. Chaetigers 2– 8: notopodia—two rows of elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae ( Figure 2O View Figure 2 ); one anterior row with bayonet chaetae, two posterior rows with symmetrical, paleate chaetae with a very short mucro, sometimes minute or not discernible ( Figure 2L–N View Figure 2 ); neuropodia—two irregular rows of 25 acicular uncini per torus, facing in the same direction, the oldest upper parts of the tori have only one row (one-quarter the length of tori), main fang surmounted by six rows of teeth, second tooth enlarged, located in the midline; dentition covering one-quarter the main fang length ( Figure 2K View Figure 2 ). Glandular ridge on chaetiger 2: narrow.
Abdomen. Abdominal segments: 63 (58–64). Anterior segments: two transverse rows of elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae, chaetae from upper row 50% shorter than chaetae in lower one; uncini with the main fang surmounted by four rows of teeth equal in size, occupying one-half the length of main fang, older (dorsalmost) uncini smaller than younger uncini (ventralmost), main fang not extending beyond breast, breast rectangular
( Figure 2P View Figure 2 ). Posterior segments: one or two very elongate, narrowly hooded chaetae; uncini similar to those in anterior abdomen ( Figure 2Q View Figure 2 ). Pygidium pointed ( Figure 2F View Figure 2 ).
Gametes. Holotype without gametes; females with oocytes in thorax ( RBCM 985-403 View Materials - 4 View Materials ) and abdomen ( USNM 43637 About USNM ).
Methyl green staining. The entire body turns uniformly green. The anterior half of the collar is not coloured, posterior end dark. Anterior half of the ventral shield of collar not coloured, posterior half dark.
Remarks
Megachone View in CoL was synonymized in Chone View in CoL by Banse (1972) by the presence of spatulate chaetae in the type species. Banse (1972) recorded irregular orange-red spots in collar and anterior segments in the holotype. These spots are actually whitish and iridescent.
Chone aurantiaca View in CoL , C. gracilis View in CoL , C. magna View in CoL , C. mollis View in CoL , C. picta , and the type species ( C. infundibuliformis View in CoL ) constitute a group of species (Group I) that have anterior and posterior abdominal uncini of similar shape (Table III). This is in contrast with a second group (Group II) in which the posterior abdominal uncini are modified (Table II).
Chone aurantiaca , C. farringtonae , and C. magna have a long posterior peristomial ring collar: in C. aurantiaca and C. farringtonae it is 2.5 times as long as second chaetiger (three times longer in C. magna ). Chone aurantiaca and C. magna have uniform abdominal uncini throughout and narrow glandular ridge on chaetiger 2 (posterior abdominal uncini modified and broad glandular ridge in C. farringtonae ). Chone aurantiaca can be distinguished from C. magna by having short radiolar tips (long in C. magna ), broad radiolar flanges (narrow in C. magna ), and ventral shield of collar horseshoe-shaped (rounded in C. magna ).
In the case of Chone aurantiaca , C. mollis ( Figure 19B View Figure 19 ), and C. infundibuliformis the glandular ridge occupies only the external half of the ventral glandular epithelium; whereas dorsally, the glandular ridge occupies only a very small area. For Chone aurantiaca and C. infundibuliformis, Tovar-Hernández and Sosa-Rodríguez (2006) determined that the glandular ridge is composed of strongly differentiated acidophil glandular cells, tubularshaped with granulose secretions. From both taxonomic and systematic standpoints, it is recommended that the characterization of the external shape and the extension within the epithelium of the glandular ridge be taken into account as species diagnostic characters.
Chone bimaculata Banse and Nichols, 1968 View in CoL
( Figure 3 View Figure 3 )
Chone bimaculata Banse and Nichols 1968, p 227 View in CoL –229, Figure 2a–j View Figure 2 .
Material examined
Type material. Washington [ USNM 36280 About USNM , four paratypes, 36281, one paratype], Puget
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Chone aurantiaca ( Johnson, 1901 )
| Tovar-Hernández, María Ana 2007 |
Chone aurantiaca: Banse 1972 , p 467
| Banse K 1972: 467 |
Chone bimaculata
| Banse K & Nichols FH 1968: 227 |
Megachone aurantiaca
| Hartman O 1938: 19 |
| Johnson HP 1901: 431 |