Landouria rotatoria ( Pfeiffer, 1842 )
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2019.526 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3FFC527D-E9CA-4D9F-BF59-076FA60171AC |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B1DB4C-8B3F-4E03-4C76-FBFF3DB7FB70 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Landouria rotatoria ( Pfeiffer, 1842 ) |
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Landouria rotatoria ( Pfeiffer, 1842) View in CoL
Figs 5 View Figs 2–5 , 12–14 View Figs 12–14 , 16 View Figs 15–24 , 30 View Figs 29–47 , 54 View Figs 52–55 ; Tables 3–4 View Table 3 View Table 4
Helix rotatoria Pfeiffer 1842: 38 View in CoL (“ Java ”).
Plectotropis leucomphala Möllendorff, 1897: 66 (“ Java ”; more exactly ( Zilch 1966): “W-Java: Gunung Gedeh (4000′)”).
Plectotropis leucomphala f. subfasciata Möllendorff, 1897: 67 (“ Java ”; more exactly ( Zilch 1966): “W-Java: Gunung Gedeh (3000′) ”).
Plectotropis leucomphala f. castanea Möllendorff, 1897: 67 (“ Java ”; more exactly ( Zilch 1966): “W-Java: Gunung Salak”).
Helix rotatoria – von dem Busch in Philippi 1842 View in CoL in 1842–1845: 10, pl. I.4, fig. 5. — Pfeiffer 1851 in 1849–1853: pl. 95, figs 3–5; 1852 in 1849–1853: 163.
Helix (Plectotropis) rotatoria – Boettger 1890: 144 View in CoL . — Martens 1892: 234. — Wiegmann 1893: 166, pl. 12, figs 11–14.
Landouria rotatoria – van Benthem Jutting 1950: 461 View in CoL (in part). — Zilch 1966: 294, pl. 7, figs 3–5 (in part).
Diagnosis
Landouria rotatoria is characterized by a large, depressed conical, keeled shell, a penis with a small globular bulge at the proximal end and an externally smooth, longish lemon-shaped flagellum.
Material examined
Type material
INDONESIA – West Java • neotype of Helix rotatoria (designated here) (det. anat.); Bogor, Blok kancil, Gunung Salak , Halimun Salak National Park ; 6°44′42″ S, 106°42′46″ E; 1166 m a.s.l.; 17 Jun. 2015; A.S. Nurinsiyah, I. Fauziah, T. Setiadi and Y. Prasetio leg.; measurements: D = 17.0 mm, H = 9.5 mm; MZB 19205 GoogleMaps • holotype of Plectotropis leucomphala f. castanea; Gunung Salak ; 6°44′ S, 106°42′ E; SMF 8916 View Materials GoogleMaps • holotype of Plectotropis leucomphala f. subfasciata; Gunung Gede ; 6°47′ S, 106°59′ E; ca 900 m a.s.l.; SMF 8914 View Materials GoogleMaps • holotype of Plectotropis leucomphala ; Gunung Gede ; 6°47′ S, 106°59′ E; ca 1200 m a.s.l.; SMF 8912 View Materials GoogleMaps .
Other material
INDONESIA • 4 spec.; Java; SMF 24221 • 3 spec.; same data as for preceding; ZMB 47683 • 3 spec.; same data as for preceding; ZMB 47684 • 1 spec., same data as for preceding; ZMH 17719 • 5 spec.; same data as for preceding; ZMH 17720 • 4 spec.; same data as for preceding; ZMH 17721 • 3 spec.; same data as for preceding; ZMH 17722. – West Java • 2 spec. (vouchers for van Benthem Jutting 1950); Gora S of Bogor; RMNH 309846 View Materials • 7 spec. (vouchers for Boettger 1890); Bogor , Gunung Salak; 6°44′ S, 106°42′ E; SMF 8917 View Materials GoogleMaps • 3 spec. (vouchers for Boettger 1890); same data as for preceding; SMF 24200 GoogleMaps • 4 spec. (vouchers for Boettger 1890); same data as for preceding; SMF 24204 GoogleMaps • 2 spec. (vouchers for Boettger 1890); same data as for preceding; ZMA 407645 View Materials GoogleMaps • 4 spec. (vouchers for van Benthem Jutting 1950); Bogor , Situ Gunung, S slope of Mt Gede, forest; 6°50′ S, 106°55′ E; 1000 m a.s.l.; ZMA 407632 View Materials GoogleMaps • 6 spec.; Gunung Gede; 6°47′ S, 106°59′ E; ZMA 407630 View Materials GoogleMaps • 2 spec.; same data as for preceding; ZMA 407690 View Materials GoogleMaps • 9 spec.; Gunung Gede; 6°47′ S, 106°59′ E; ca 900 m a.s.l.; SMF 8915 View Materials GoogleMaps • 16 spec.; Gunung Gede; 6°47′ S, 106°59′ E; ca 1200 m a.s.l.; SMF 89136 • 3 spec.; Gunung Gede; 6°47′ S, 106°59′ E; ca 1500 m a.s.l.; ZMB 46035.
Description
SHELL ( Figs 5 View Figs 2–5 , 12–14; Tables 3–4 View Table 3 View Table 4 ). Depressed conical, with 5.75–6.5 slightly convex whorls; protoconch almost smooth; teleoconch with fine, irregular wrinkles; apical side with indistinct incised spiral lines, umbilical side with more distinct spiral lines; scaly processes sparse, mainly at periphery; tuberculate around umbilicus; brown or brownish-corneous; body whorl keeled; aperture rounded rhombic; upper insertion of peristome descending; peristome expanded, reflexed and slightly thickened; umbilicus slightly eccentric, wide, comprising 24–32% of shell diameter, hardly obscured by columellar edge.
GENITALIA ( Figs 16 View Figs 15–24 , 30 View Figs 29–47 ; Table 4 View Table 4 ). Atrium short; penis long, distal part cylindrical, with a small globular bulge at proximal end, without penis coecum; membranaceous sheath around distal part of penis connected with epiphallus by tissue; penial retractor runs from diaphragm to proximal part of cylindrical epiphallus; flagellum moderately long, very broad, without node, tapering at its proximal end; vas deferens narrow and long; vagina long; oviduct long, very broad, proximally tapering; peduncle of bursa copulatrix subdivided into a globular distal part, a proximally tapering middle part and a narrower and longer proximal part, ending in an elongate oval bursa beside albumen gland. Right ommatophoral retractor runs between penis and vagina.
Remarks
The name Helix rotatoria goes back to von dem Busch and is often cited with von dem Busch (in Philippi 1842 in 1842–1845: 10, pl. I.4, fig. 5) as author. However, von dem Busch cited Pfeiffer (1842), who made the name available first (see also remarks under L. winteriana ). Pfeiffer (1842) described the species based on specimens from von dem Busch and specimens he got from Winter. The material from Winter was in Pfeiffer’s own collection (Pfeiffer 1852 in 1849–1853), which was destroyed during the Second World War (see L. winteriana ). A part of the collection of von dem Busch is kept in the Geosciences Collection of the University of Bremen. However, we could not locate type specimens of H. rotatoria in this collection or in other museums (e.g., SMF, ZMH). Thus, a neotype must be designated to clarify the taxonomic status and the type locality of H. rotatoria .
According to the original description of Pfeiffer (1842), H. rotatoria is a brown, sharply keeled, large species with a diameter of 16 mm. There are several sharply keeled species in Java and some reach a diameter of 16 mm. The figures of Pfeiffer (1851 in 1849–1853: pl. 95, figs 3–5) show a specimen with a rather high spire (D/H ratio 1.82). The species that best fits the figure occurs on Gunung Salak and Gunung Gede south of Bogor in West Java (compare the shell of the holotype of P. leucomphala Moellendorff, 1897 (Fig. 12) with Pfeiffer 1851 in 1849–1853: pl. 95, figs 3–5). Thus, we designate an anatomically examined specimen from Gunung Salak in West Java (MZB 19205; Fig. 5 View Figs 2–5 ) as the neotype of Helix rotatoria Pfeiffer, 1842 .
The same species was later described by Möllendorff (1897) as Plectotropis leucomphala with two colour varieties, P. leucomphala f. subfasciata and P. leucomphala f. castanea. Plectotropis leucomphala was synonymized with L. rotatoria by van Benthem Jutting (1950).
Landouria rotatoria differs from L. winteriana ( Figs 2–3 View Figs 2–5 ), which also occurs on Gunung Salak, and from L. epiplatia (Figs 26–28, 31), which also occurs on Gunung Gede, in the larger, more intensively brownish coloured shell and an externally smooth, longish, lemon-shaped flagellum.
Distribution
Landouria rotatoria View in CoL is endemic to Gunung Salak and Gunung Gede south of Bogor in West Java (Fig. 54). It has also been recorded from other Sunda Islands, as well as the Philippines ( Martens 1867; Rensch 1932, 1934; van Benthem Jutting 1941, 1950; Vermeulen & Whitten 1998), but these records refer to other species.
Table 4 (continued on next 3 pages). Diagnostic characteristics of the species of Landouria Godwin-Austen, 1918 from Java. Characteristics most important for distinguishing similar taxa are printed in bold.
| D (in mm) | H (in mm) | whorls | D/H | U/D | shell periphery | shell coloration | scale sculpture | spiral lines on apical side | penis | penis coecum | flagellum | node at flagellum | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L. winteriana | 9.7–12.6 (mean 11.8) | 5.5–7.8 (mean 6.7) | 5–5.75 (mean 5.3) | 1.55–2.07 (mean 1.76) | 0.29–0.51 (mean 0.35) | keeled | brownish- corneous | scaly processes sparse, at periphery | indistinct | with large globular bulge at proximal end | absent | distal part crenated, proximal part short | absent |
| L. conoidea | 7.6–8.7 (mean 8.1) | 5.2–5.6 (mean 5.3) | 4.75–5 (mean 4.9) | 1.48–1.54 (mean 1.52) | 0.30–0.33 (mean 0.31) | sharply keeled | brownish- corneous | tubercles all over teleoconch | not discernible | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| L. rotatoria | 15.6–19.1 (mean 17.4) | 8.3–10.6 (mean 9.5) | 5.75–6.5 (mean 6.1) | 1.57–2.09 (mean 1.85) | 0.24–0.32 (mean 0.29) | keeled | brown | scaly processes sparse, at periphery | indistinct | with small globular bulge at proximal end | absent | longish lemon- shaped | absent |
| L. naggsi sp. nov. | 11.6–14.0 (mean 12.5) | 8.5–10.6 (mean 9.6) | 6.25–7 (mean 6.6) | 1.21–1.37 (mean 1.31) | 0.28–0.33 (mean 0.31) | angular | brownish- corneous | scaly processes all over teleoconch | not discernible | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| L. epiplatia | 11.8–17.0 (mean 15.3) | 5.7–6.9 (mean 6.0) | 5.25–6.25 (mean 5.7) | 2.03–2.94 (mean 2.52) | 0.30–0.43 (mean 0.37) | sharply keeled | brownish- corneous | scaly processes sparse, at periphery | indistinct | very long, with small bulge at proximal end | absent | very long, tapering towards proximal end | absent |
| L. para- hyangensis sp. nov. | 14.7–16.9 (mean 15.7) | 8.4–9.3 (mean 8.7) | 6.5–7 (mean 6.8) | 1.69–1.94 (mean 1.80) | 0.39–0.45 (mean 0.42) | sharply keeled | brownishcorneous | scaly processes sparse, at periphery | not discernible | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| L. nusakam- bangensis sp. nov. | 11.9–15.0 (mean 13.5) | 6.6–9.1 (mean 7.9) | 5.25–6 (mean 5.7) | 1.65–1.83 (mean 1.72) | 0.32–0.40 (mean 0.36) | keeled | brownishcorneous | scaly processes sparse, at periphery | indistinct | with small globular bulge at proximal end | absent | distal part slightly crenated, proximal part long | absent |
| L. petrukensis sp. nov. | 8.1–9.8 (mean 9.0) | 5.2–6.3 (mean 5.5) | 4.75–5.5 (mean 5.1) | 1.49–1.79 (mean 1.62) | 0.24–0.37 (mean 0.27) | sharply keeled | brownish- corneous | scaly processes all over teleoconch | indistinct | divided by narrowing into long, cylindrical distal part and slightly dilated proximal part | absent | slightly crenated, abruptly tapering at proximal end | absent |
| L. tholiformis sp. nov. | 13.0–14.4 (mean 13.9) | 7.4–7.8 (mean 7.7) | 6–6.25 (mean 6.1) | 1.77–1.88 (mean 1.82) | 0.32–0.40 (mean 0.35) | sharply keeled | brownish- corneous | scaly processes all over teleoconch | indistinct | slightly broader proximally | short | crenated, slightly longer than epiphallus | absent |
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Landouria rotatoria ( Pfeiffer, 1842 )
| Nurinsiyah, Ayu Savitri, Neiber, Marco T. & Hausdorf, Bernhard 2019 |
Landouria rotatoria – van Benthem Jutting 1950: 461
| Zilch A. 1966: 294 |
| van Benthem Jutting W. S. S. 1950: 461 |
Plectotropis leucomphala Möllendorff, 1897: 66
| Mollendorff O. F. von 1897: 66 |
Plectotropis leucomphala
| Mollendorff O. F. von 1897: 67 |
Plectotropis leucomphala
| Mollendorff O. F. von 1897: 67 |
Helix (Plectotropis) rotatoria – Boettger 1890: 144
| Wiegmann F. 1893: 166 |
| Martens E. von 1892: 234 |
| Boettger O. 1890: 144 |
Helix rotatoria
| Pfeiffer L. 1842: 38 |