Henicops dentatus Pocock, 1901

Hollington, L. M. & Edgecombe, G. D., 2004, Two New Species of the Henicopid Centipede Henicops (Chilopoda: Lithobiomorpha) from Queensland and Victoria, With Revision of Species from Western Australia and a Synoptic Classification of Henicopidae, Records of the Australian Museum 56, pp. 1-28 : 6-9

Henicops dentatus Pocock, 1901

Figs. 3–6

Henicops dentatus Pocock, 1901a: 454 .

Henicops oligotarsus Attems, 1911: 150 ; new synonym. Henicops oligotarsus .– Borucki, 1996: fig. 102.

Diagnosis. Member of Henicops dentatus Group with female gonopod having two small, bullet-shaped or distally truncated spurs; outer spur up to 50% wider than inner spur; branching bristles on mandibular gnathal edge narrow in dorsal part of fringe; ventral bristles in fringe lacking spines on their basal third or more.

Type material. SYNTYPES: BM1893.7.4.17, ♀ ( Fig. 3B), BM1893.7.4.18, 3, Perth, WA, H.W.J. Turner.

Other material. Types of Henicops oligotarsus Attems, 1911 : LECTOTYPE: WAM 13 /7172 ( Fig. 3A), ♀, Brunswick Junction, WA (station 139 of Michaelsen & Hartmeyer, 1907), 33°15'S 115°50'E, W. Michaelsen & R. Hartmeyer, 7 Oct 1905, designated here. A lectotype is selected to fix the name to a single type locality; the chosen specimen is the most intact large individual from a locality represented by both sexes in the WAM and NMV . PARALECTOTYPES: WAM, 233, from type locality . NMV: 3907, 1♀, Boyanup (station 146); 3908 , 1♀, 233, Brunswick (station 139); 3909, 1♀, Albany (station 165). ZIUM: 6♀♀, 233, Lion Mill (station 99); 1♀, 13, Mundaring Weir (station 101); 13, Bridgetown (station 144) ; 1♀, Beverly (station 156). Attems (1911) listed additional syntypes from Wooroloo , East Fremantle , Jarrahdale, and Gooseberry Hill that we have not located .

WESTERN AUSTRALIA: WAM: 25/822, 1♀, Dandaragan , 30°40'S 115°42'E, L. Glauert, Sep 1925 ; 28/740, 13, Serpentine , 32°22'S 115°58'E, L. Glauert, Aug 1928 ; 14/987, 1♀, Denmark , 34°57'S 117°21'E, W.B. Alexander, May 1914 ; T42434, 4♀♀, 13, Hepburn Heights , 31°49'02"S 115°46'13"E, MSH & JMW, 13 Jul–25 Sep 1995 ; T42435, 3♀♀, Warwick Open Space , 31°50'34"S 115°48'50"E, MSH & JMW, 25 Sep–28 Nov 1995 ; T42436, 7 ♀♀ ( Figs. 4F, 5F–I, 6H), 2 33 ( Fig. 4E), Warwick Open Space , 31°50'33"S 115°49'00"E, MSH & JMW, 25 Sep–28 Nov 1995 ; T42437, 1 ♀, Balannup Lake , Gosnells, E.G. Cockett, 24 Dec 1968 ; T42438, 1♀, Bald Head , Albany, D.D. Giuliani, 10 May 1969 ; T42439, 13, Bentley, B. Anderson, 8 Sep 1976 ; T42440, 1♀, Boranup, G.M. Riley, 10 Sep 1965 ; T42441, 13, Peppermint Forest , 5 mi N Busselton, R.J. McKay & R.W. George, 22 Oct 1969 ; T42442, 1♀, T42443, 1♀, Cape Freycinet , 34°06'S 114°59'E, T.F. Houston, 15– 18 Nov 1986 ; T42444, 13, Cape Naturaliste NP, catchment of Yallingup Brook , 33°38'50"S 115°02'10"E, J. Mitchell et al., 1–10 Dec 2000 ; T42445, 1♀, Fossil Deposit SF, 4 mi W cape, G.H. Riley & G. Kendrick, 8 Sep 1969 ; T42446, 1♀, Cocanarup Timber Reserve , 33°38'S 119°54'E, G. Harold, Nov 1993 ; T42447, 13, Worsley Alumina Project, Collie off Fletcher Rd, D. Walford & M. Sawle, Jul 1980 ; T42448, 1♀, Crowea, S.J. Curry, 31 Oct 1980 ; T42449, 13, Dog Pool on Shannon River , 34°46'S 116°22'E, MSH & JMW, 27–30 Apr 1990 ; T42450, 1 ♀, 3 km N Dog Pool , 34°45'S 116°13'E, MSH & JMW, 30 Apr 1990 ; T42451, 4♀♀, 333, Dwellingup, J.D. Majer, 7–25 Nov 1975 ; T42452, 1 ♀, R.G.C. Mineral Sands , 10 km S Eneabba, 29°50'S 115°15'E, L.P. McMillan & P. West, 22 Jul 1997 ; T42456, 5♀♀, 13, Fitzgerald River NP, West Mt Barren, NE slope, 34°13'S 119°26'E, MSH & JMW, 28 May 1994 ; T42457, 1♀, Fitzgerald River NP, Twertup , 34°01'S 119°20'E, MSH & JMW, 29 May 1994 ; T42458, 13, “Glenbourne”, Old Ellens Brook Rd , 33°53'S 115°00'E, L. Marsh et al., 27–28 Oct 1996 ; T42459, 13, “Glenbourne”, Spring Rd S Gracetown , 33°53'S 115°00'E, 28–30 Jun 1997 , L.M. Marsh et al.; T42460, 13, “ Glenbourne ”, S Gracetown, 33°54'32"S 115°00'24"E, L. Marsh et al., 30 Oct–1 Nov 1999 ; T42461, 13, Gleneagle , 32°15'S 116°10'E, J.A. Springett, 22 Oct 1971 ; T42463, 1♀, 12.5 mi NE Katanning, E.J. Car and G.M. Riley, 28 Oct 1964 ; T42464, 13, Leeman, R.P. McMillan, 31 Aug 1981 ; T42465, 1♀, T42466, 1♀, Ludlow Tuart Forest , 33°34'S 115°29'E, J.A. Springett, 31 Aug 1971 ; T42467, 4♀♀, Margaret River , L.E. Koch, 22–24 Aug 1973 ; T42468, 1♀, T42469, 13, 6.5 km and 5.5 km NW Meelup , 33°33'00"S 115°01'45"E, G.A. Harold, 22–27 Oct 1985 ; T42470, 1 3, Mt Cooke , near summit, 32°25'S 116°18'E, MSH, JMW & M. Peterson, 7Aug 1990 ; T42471, 13, same locality, MSH & JMW, 1 Oct 1990 ; T42472, 1♀, same locality and collectors, 16 Dec 1990 ; T42473, 2♀♀, same locality, 31 Jul 1991 ; T42474, 1♀, same locality, 19 Sep 1991 ; T42475, 1♀, 13, base of Mt Dale , W side, 32°08'S 116°18'E, JMW et al., 27 Sep 1998 ; T42477, 13, T42478, 1♀, T42479, 13, T42485, 13, c. 4 km NNE Mt Lesueur , 30°08'S 115°12'E, K. Gaull et al., 9–12 Jul 1989 ; T42481, 1 3, 1.6 km N Mt Lesueur , 30°10'S 115°12'E, K. Gaull et al., 11 Jul 1989 ; T42482, 1♀, c. 5 km NE Mt Lesueur , 30°09'S 115°15'E, K. Gaull et al., 9 Jul 1989 ; T42486, 233, 7 km NE Mt Lesueur , 30°07'S 115°15'E, K. Gaull et al., 1989 ; T42487, 1♀, 4.5 km E Mt Peron , 30°06'S 115°12'E, K. Gaull et al., 7 Jul 1989 ; T42488, 13, North Tarin Rock Reserve , D. Kitchener et al., 17–27 May 1971 ; T42489, 1 ♀, Pemberton, Allis Rd , 34°30'S 116°00'E, J.A. Springett, 9 Nov 1971 ; T42490, 13, Bluff Knoll , Stirling Ranges, D.D. Giuliani, 13 May 1969 ; T42491, 233, Stirling Range NP, Ellen Peak , 34°21'32"S 118°19'45"E, 1000 m, S. Barrett, 4 Apr 1995 ; T42492, 433, Swan River Dist, 15–18 Jul 1924 ; T42493, 1♀, The Cascades , 8 km SSW Pemberton, 34°30'S, 116°00'E, MSH & JMW, 3 May 1990 ; T42494, 13, Torbay hill, boundary track, 35°05'S 117°37'E, B.Y. Main, 20 Feb–6 Mar 1983 ; T42495, 1 3, Torbay Head , 35°05'S 117°38'E, B.Y. Main, 9 Aug–7 Sept 1985 ; T42496, 1 ♀, Torbay Head, B.Y. Main, 20 Jun 1986 ; T42497, 13, Torndirrup NP, Sharp Point Rd , 35°06'42"S 117°52'55"E, JMW, 14 Nov 1998 ; T42498, 1♀, Two People Bay , G. Smith, 15 Sep 1976 ; T42499, 1♀, Tutanning Reserve , Pingelly, E. Mercer, 28 Aug 1980 ; T42500, 13, Walyunga NP, M.Archer & E. Jeffreys, 4 May 1969 ; T42501, 1♀, Wanneroo , 33°54'32"S 115°00'24"E, R.P. McMillan, 18 Aug 1952 ; T42502, 1♀, West Cape Howe NP, Lake William , 35°04'S 117°37'E, B.Y. Main, 26 Mar–5 Apr 1985 ; T42503, 1♀, West Cape Howe NP, West Cape Howe , 35°08'S 117°36'E, B.Y. Main, 15–24 Jan 1988 ; WAM, 1 ♀, 13, Rottnest Island, Mt Herschell , 31°59'S 115°31'E, L. Glauert, Sep 1927 .

AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM: KS15269, 3♀♀, 233, Dombalup SF, Marri Rd, 34°30'S 116°00'E, M.R. Gray, 15 Jan 1979; KS15361 ( Fig. 4A–D), c.

200 individuals, Treen Brook SF, 8 km W Pemberton , 34°26'S 116°04'E, M.R. Gray, 13 Feb. 1979 ; KS35584, 1♀, 333, Walpole-Nornalup NP, 34°57'S 116°16'E, M.R. Gray, 15 Feb 1979 ; KS35644, 1♀, 233, Pine Ck , 0.5 km from Quarty Rd, Nannup-Pemberton area, 34°15'S 115°50'E, M.R. Gray, 14 Feb 1979 ; KS77589, 13, Pemberton Forest Park, Karri Bush Walk, 34°27'S 116°01'30"S E, G.D. Edgecombe & Z. Johanson, 23 Feb 2001 ; KS83629, 1♀ ( Fig. 6G,M), KS83630, 13 ( Figs. 5A–E,J– O, 6A–F,I–L), Gloucester NP, crossing of Bibbulmun Track and Burma Rd, 34°27'S 116°03'E, G.D. Edgecombe & Z. Johanson, 23 Feb 2001 .

CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (leg. E.S. Ross & D. Cavagnaro) : 2♀♀, 333, Darlington , 450 ft, 5 Sep 1962 ; 1♀, 20 mi S Borden , 200 m, 23 Sep 1962 ; 1♀, 25 mi NW Walpole , 100 m, 25 Sep 1962 ; 4♀♀, 233, Cape Naturaliste , 5 m, 27 Sep 1962 ; 13, 7 mi NE Busselton , 50 m, 28 Sep 1962 .

Distribution. Southwest Western Australia, north to Eneabba (29°50'S 115°15'E), east to Cocanarup (33°38'S 119°54'E) ( Fig. 1), sclerophyll forest.

Discussion. Henicops dentatus is identical to or within the range of variation of H. tropicanus , described in full below, in most respects except for the female gonopods and details of the mandibular gnathal edge. Distinction between the two is discussed under the latter species.

The present study of a large sample of southwest Western Australian specimens of Henicops , including the syntypes of both H. dentatus and H. oligotarsus , corroborates Archey’s (1937) suspicion that the two named Western Australian species are synonymous. When naming H. oligotarsus, Attems made no mention of the previously named H. dentatus . Attems (1928:63) later acknowledged H. dentatus in a key to Henicops species. He distinguished the two Western Australian species on the basis of tergites 7, 9, 11 and 13 of H. oligotarsus being “toothed” and the corresponding tergites of H. dentatus and H. maculatus being “rounded”, in addition to leg 15 of H. oligotarsus having five tarsomeres as opposed to six tarsomeres in H. dentatus and H. maculatus . Both of these alleged differences are unfounded. Description of a “toothed” condition of tergites in H. oligotarsus refers to the triangular projections of the posterior angles of TT7, 9, 11 and 13. This is a more or less accurate description of the tergites of Attems’ specimens ( Fig. 3A), but it is identical to the condition of these tergites in the types of H. dentatus ( Fig. 3B). Indeed, no Henicops specimens from anywhere in the range of H. dentatus (= H. oligotarsus ) have tergites 7, 9, 11 and 13 that could be described as “rounded”. Leg 15 of all Western Australian specimens has five tarsomeres ( Fig. 4D) so no specific distinction can be made based on some specimens having five and others having six. The types of H. dentatus lack legs 14 and 15 (and seemingly lacked these legs when Pocock described the species, for no mention was made of them), so Attems’ claim of a difference from H. oligotarsus has no basis. In the absence of any morphological characters to support the presence of multiple taxa in Western Australia, all specimens are recognized as a single species, using the older name, H. dentatus . The description of H. oligotarsus ( Attems, 1911:150) stated that the species has 33–35 antennal articles but among the syntypes are large specimens with 29–36 articles. Other collections extend the range to 38 articles, though as in H. tropicanus the most common number is 36.