Coptoprepes valdiviensis, RAMÍREZ, 2003

RAMÍREZ, MARTÍN J., 2003, The Spider Subfamily Amaurobioidinae (Araneae, Anyphaenidae): A Phylogenetic Revision At The Generic Level, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2003 (277), pp. 1-262 : 90-92

Coptoprepes valdiviensis , new species Figure 42

TYPES: Male holotype from Chile, Región X, Llanquihue province, Lago Chapo, 13.5 km E Correntoso, carrion trap (squid), site 656, 310 m, valdivian rain forest, ca. 41°33̍S, 71°57̍W, 16.27. XII.1982, A. Newton and M Thayer ; female paratype with same data, window trap, deposited in AMNH .

ETYMOLOGY: The specific name refers to the valdivian forest where this species lives.

DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from other Coptoprepes by having a sharp and slender tibial apophysis and a rectangular median epigynal field.

FEMALE (paratype): Total length 4.66. Carapace length 1.77, width 1.17, wider at leg III. Length of tibia/metatarsus: I, 1.07/0.82; II, 0.89/0.81; III, 0.74/0.90; IV, 1.17/1.37. Palpal tarsus length 0.59. Chelicerae with three teeth on promargin, four on retromargin. Sternum length 1.17, width 0.75. Spines: leg I, femur d 1–1–1, p 2ap; tibia v 2–2­ p1; metatarsus v 2bas. II, femur d 1–1–1, p d1ap; tibia v r1­ r1­ p1; metatarsus = I. III, femur d 1–1–1, p 0­ d1­ d1, r d1ap; patella r 1; tibia v p1­ p1–2, p 1­ d1­ 1­ 0, r d1–1, d r1bas; metatarsus v 2–0­ comb, p and r d1–1–1, d 0­ p1– 2. IV, femur d 1–1–1, p and r d1ap; patella r 1; tibia v p1–2–2, p and r 1­ d1­ 1­ 0, d r1bas; metatarsus = III, but v 2–2­ comb. Dorsal bristles as in C. flavopilosus , but tibiae d 1ap. Abdomen length 2.83, width 1.60, spiracle– epigastrium 2.25, spiracle–spinnerets 0.17. Color: grayish, abdomen slightly darker on cardiac area and several chevrons extending to spinnerets. Epigyne (fig. 42D, E) partially displaced posteriorly, lateral lobes separate, copulatory openings close to epigastric fold. Spermathecae contiguous, lumen small, copulatory ducts fused with those of opposite side though in part of their length.

MALE (holotype): Total length 4.12. Carapace length 1.90, width 1.27. Length of tibia/metatarsus: I, 1.33/1.10; II, 1.02/0.93; III, 0.86/1.00; IV, 1.23/1.47. Chelicerae slightly narrower than those of female. Sternum length 1.00, width 0.81. Spines as in female, except: leg I, tibia v 2–2–2. II, tibia p 0–1. Abdomen length 2.13, width 1.17, spiracle– epigastrium 0.37, spiracle–spinnerets 0.16. Color as in female. Palp (fig. 42A–C): femur short, flattened. Tibia short, width/length 1.06, RTA sharp, slender. Cymbium relatively large, with apical retrolateral notch where median apophysis fits; retrolateral margin basally extended into thin lamina; cymbial conductor wide. Tegulum basal/retrolateral. Sperm duct with pronounced loop at dorsal anterior margin, close to secondary conductor (fig. 42C). Embolus with basal process ample, flattened, rounded. Median apophysis apical, well developed, bifid, long, narrow projection forming straight angle, another projection long, thick, directed apically. Primary conductor with canal. Secondary conductor triangular with acute apex, with ventral membranous area, fused to anterior dorsal margin of tegulum. Paramedian apophysis reduced to sclerotized piece at base of median apophysis, slightly elevated in round­ ed mound.

VARIABILITY: Male spines: III, tibia v p1– 2–2, p and r 1­ d1­ 1­ 0.

NATURAL HISTORY: Unknown. Several specimens were collected in leaf litter.

DISTRIBUTION: Forests of southern Chile and Argentina, in Valdivia, Cautín, Osorno and Neuquén provinces, plus one isolated record in Ultima Esperanza province, Magallanes.

OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: ARGENTINA: Neuquén: Lanín Natl. Park: Lago Lolog, nr. San Martín de los Andes, pans nr. stream, ca. 900 m, 23–30.XI.1989, S. Marshall 13 (AMNH); Lago Lolog, 4 km N San Martín de los Andes, FIT, Nothofagus forest, ca. 950 m, Gentili property, 23.XI– 1.XII.1989, S.A. Marshall, 13 (AMNH); San Martín de los Andes, Gentili Cabin, pans and FIT along streambed, 18–21.XI.1989, S. Marshall, 13 (AMNH), forest and meadow, 18–21.XI.1989, S.A. Marshall, 13 1♀ (AMNH); 4 km N San Martín de los Andes, FIT, Nothofagus forest, ca. 950 m, Gentili property, 25.XI–1.XII.1989, S.A. Marshall, 13 (AMNH); Villa La Angostura, pans nr. Laguna Verge, 26–28.XI.1989, S.A. Marshal, 1♀ (AMNH). CHILE: Región IX (Araucanía): Cautín: Volcán Villarrica, 1250 m, site 653, window trap, Nothofagus domb .­ pumilio forest with Chusquea , 15– 29.XII.1982, A. Newton and M. Thayer, 1♀ (AMNH); site 654, Nothofagus domb .­ pumilio forest with Drimys, A. Newton and M. Thayer , 1♀ (AMNH). Región X (Los Lagos): Osorno: Puyehue Natl. Park : Antillanca rd, 965 m, trap site 658, window trap, Nothofagus pumilio forest, 18–25.XII.1982, A. Newton and M. Thayer, 13 (AMNH); 40°46̍30̎S, 72°12̍00̎W, 1000 m, 12.XII.2000 – 2.I.2001, Nothofagus pumilio forest, J. Miller, I. Agnarsson, Alvarez, J. Coddington, G. Hormiga, 23 2♀ (USNM). Llanquihue: 10–14 km E Correntoso, 305 m, disturbed forest, 3.II.1985, N. Platnick and O. Francke, 13 2 immatures (AMNH); NE Puerto Montt, 22–28.XII.1985, L. Peña, 13 (AMNH). Región XII (Magallanes y Antártica): Ultima Esperanza: Torres del Paine Natl. Park: near Refugio Pudeto, 51°3̍45̎S, 72°58̍45̎W, 100 m, 7.XII.2000, pitfall in scrub, J. Miller, I. Agnarsson, 1♀ (USNM).

GAMAKIA , NEW GENUS

Table 14

TYPE SPECIES: Gamakia hirsuta , new species.

TABLE 14 Autapomorphies of Gamakia hirsuta

ETYMOLOGY: Gamakia is the supreme being of the Septentrional Tehuelches. Gender is feminine.

DIAGNOSIS: The single known species can be distinguished from other Amaurobioidini by having a relatively long male palpal tibia with relictual apophysis, the chelicerae and palpal femora covered with thick, long setae, and the epigyne with a double depression anterior of copulatory openings, which are filled by a copulatory plug in mated females.

DESCRIPTION: Carapace narrowed in front, posterior eye row slightly procurved, ocular area not projecting. Chelicerae unmodified, slightly smaller in males, with three teeth on promargin, a series of six or seven small denticles on retromargin; males have long, thick setae on anterior face of chelicerae. Anterior legs with unmodified spines, more spinose in males. Male palp (figs. 44B–D, 45C–E, 46) with relatively long tibia, wider distally, RTA reduced to small dorsal/retrolateral peak (fig. 46), femur with long, thick setae on ventral/ retrolateral face (fig. 45D). Cymbium relatively small. Copulatory bulb: median apophysis long, slender, sinuous. Primary conductor short, with canal. Secondary conductor long, with marked canal, fused to apical dorsal margin of tegulum, additional projection prolateral to secondary conductor. Paramedian apophysis well developed, with multiple cusps (fig. 44C). Embolus with simple, flattened basal process. Membranous area between paramedian apophysis and tegulum lined with thin projections (fig. 44C, D). Epigyne (figs. 44A, 45A, B) with two hemispheric depressions anterior to copulatory openings, filled by copulatory plug in mated females. Spermathecae irregular, copulatory ducts not coiled.

COMPOSITION: Only the type species.

Figures

Fig. 42. Coptoprepes valdiviensis, n. sp. A. Male palp, ventral view (holotype). B. Same, retrolateral view: arrow points to retrolateral apical notch on cymbium fitting MA. C. Male copulatory bulb, expanded (Llanquihue, NE Puerto Montt). D. Epigyne, ventral view (paratype). E. Same, cleared, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.2 mm. (C1 = primary conductor; C2 = secondary conductor; E = embolus; MA = median apophysis; PMA = paramedian apophysis.)