Aysenia sp.

RAMÍREZ, MARTÍN J., 2003, The Spider Subfamily Amaurobioidinae (Araneae, Anyphaenidae): A Phylogenetic Revision At The Generic Level, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2003 (277), pp. 1-262 : 65-67

Aysenia sp. : Ramírez, 1995a: 366.

TYPES: Male holotype and female paratype from Chile, Región VIII, Biobío province, El Manzano, nr. Contulmo, ca. 38°01̍S, 73°20̍W, 3–5.III.1986, L. Peña, deposited in AMNH.

ETYMOLOGY: The specific name refers to the region where this species lives.

DIAGNOSIS: Resembles A. segestrioides and A. cylindrical in body shape and genitalia, but can be distinguished by having the embolus intermediate in length, and by the moderately coiled female copulatory ducts.

FEMALE (paratype): Carapace length 2.27, width 1.17, wider at chelicerae bases and at leg III. Length of tibia/metatarsus: I, 1.00/ 0.93; II, 0.93/0.83; III, 0.53/0.70; IV, 1.00/ 0.80. Palpal tarsus length 0.53. Chelicerae very strong, with 3–4 teeth on retromargin, increasing in size to basal. Sternum length 1.03, width 0.72. Spines: leg I, femur d 1– 1–1, p d1ap; tibia v 2–2–2 (the x­p1­ x slightly displaced to prolateral), p 1­ d1­ 1­ 0; metatarsus v 2­ r1–0 (the basal pair advanced), p 1–0. II, femur = I; tibia v r1­ r1–2, p d1–1; metatarsus = I. III, femur d 1–1–1, p and r d1ap; tibia v 0­ p1–2, p d1–0, d r1bas; metatarsus v 2–0–2, p 0­ d1–1, r 1ap, d 0­ p1–2. IV, femur d 1–1–1; tibia v p1­ p1–2, r d1–1; metatarsus v 2–2–2, p 0­ d1–1 or 1ap, r d1– 0–1, d 0­ p1–2. Leg III oriented forward. Femora I–III narrow, IV strong. Color: dark brown, cephalic area paler, ocular area almost black. Legs dark brown, patellae and dorsum of tibiae, metatarsi, and tarsi III–IV pale gray. Abdomen digested behind epigastrium, tracheae exposed. Epigyne (fig. 25D, E): lateral lobes slightly elevated, arched, copulatory ducts moderately coiled.

MALE (holotype): Total length ca. 4.25. Carapace length 1.73, width 1.07. Length of tibia/metatarsus: I, 1.27/1.20; II, 1.10/1.07; III, 0.60/0.83; IV, 1.10/0.90. Chelicerae slightly smaller than those of female, with three teeth on retromargin. Sternum length 0.88, width 0.64. Spines as in female, except: leg I, tibia r 1­ 0­ 1­ 0; metatarsus v 2–2–0, r 1. II, metatarsus v 2–2–0 or 2–2–1, p 0­ 1­ 0­ 1, r 1. III, tibia v 2ap, p d1–1–0. Abdomen (deformed) length ca. 2.50, spiracle–epigastrium 1.40, spiracle–spinnerets 0.27. Color as in female, except legs I and II pale gray from tibiae. Abdomen brownish violet, with whitish dorsal spots, two anteriors, two medians larger, two posteriors covered by whitish hairs. Sternum, labium, and endites dark. Palp (fig. 25A, B): tibia short, width/length 1.08, RTA sharp, long. Cymbial conductor large, triangular. Copulatory bulb greatly modified, distal region occupying ventral face. Tegulum basal. Sperm duct with two conspicuous loops at dorsal anterior margin. Embolus very long, basal process flat, round­ ed. Median apophysis apical, hook­shaped. Primary conductor with narrow apex. Secondary conductor with short apical tip. Paramedian apophysis with two heavily sclerotized cusps, close to median apophysis.

VARIABILITY: The female from Valdivia has the lateral lobes of epigyne more arched.

NATURAL HISTORY: Unknown.

DISTRIBUTION: Only known from a few localities, in Cordillera Nahuelbuta and X Region.

OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: CHILE: Región IX (Araucanía): Cautín: Coicoicura, 5.XII.1992, T. Cekalovic, 1♀ (AMNH). Región X (Los Lagos): Valdivia: Valdivia, E. Krahmer, XI–XII.1982, E. Krahmer, 1♀ 1 immature (MHNS 685). Osorno: Pucatrihue, 4.III.2001, T. Cekalovic, 13 (AMNH).

AYSENOIDES , NEW GENUS Table 10

TYPE SPECIES: Aysenoides terricola , new species.

ETYMOLOGY: The generic name is a derivation of the close relative Aysenia , proposed to me by John Kochalka (IBNP). Gender is masculine.

DIAGNOSIS: Resembles Aysenia in having an elongate body, recurved posterior eye row, and the third legs directed forward, but distinguished by having spherical spermathecae (fig. 28F) and a spinelike embolar process (fig. 26B).

DESCRIPTION: Carapace very narrow, posterior eye row recurved, ocular area projecting (fig. 27A). Chelicerae strong, with three teeth on promargin and 2–3 regular teeth on retromargin. Leg III directed forward. Tibia I with ventral x­p1­ x spine displaced prolaterally. Male palp with RTA long, pointed, cymbium relatively small. Median apophysis slender, paramedian with two cusps (fig. 26C, D). Primary conductor well developed, with canal (fig. 26A). Secondary conductor fused to tegulum, small, forming wide inconspicuous canal, or absent. Embolus short,

TABLE 10 Synapomorphies of Aysenoides and Internal Clades with basal process thin, pointed (fig. 26B). Epigyne with median field not elevated, copulatory ducts short, spermathecae spherical.

NATURAL HISTORY: Little is known of the behavior and habitat of these spiders, and most species are rare in collections. As in Aysenia , they may live in some kind of tubes.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern forests of Chile and Argentina.

COMPOSITION: Three species here newly described, and at least three undescribed.