Marasmius brunneoaurantiacus Antonín & Buyck, Fungal Diversity (MS)

Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L. & Newman, Danny S., 2017, Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar, Phytotaxa 292 (2), pp. 101-149 : 120-121

13. Marasmius brunneoaurantiacus Antonín & Buyck, Fungal Diversity 23: 24. 2006. ( Fig. 8 , Plate 3 )

Type:— MADAGASCAR. Ranomafana National Park, 4 February 1999, leg. B. Buyck & G. Eyssartier, Buyck 99.450 ( PC!).

Description:— Pileus 5–20 mm diam, campanulate to hemispherical, umbilicate, with a dark brown papilla; margin sulcate to plicate; surface dry, glabrous; reddish brown (7 C – E 7–8, 8D8, 6D6). Context thin (<1 mm), white to cream (4 A 3). Lamellae adnate to a collarium, subdistant (12–16), broad (0.5–1mm), cream, non-marginate or with brown edges. Stipe 16–67 × 0.2–0.4 mm, central, cylindrical, wiry, pliant, insititious; surface glabrous, light brown at apex to dark brown (7 E 6) towards the base. Odor and taste not distinctive.

Basidiospores (6.2–) 8–10.4 (–11.2) × (3.2–) 4–4.8 (–5.6) μm [x mr = 8.8–9.5 × 4.1–4.6 μm; x mm = 9.03 ± 0.3 × 4.28 ± 0.2; Q = 1.3–3.0; Q mr = 2.0–2.3; Q mm = 2.14 ± 0.1, n = 25, s = 6], ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia 16.8–27.2 × 5.6–6.4 μm, clavate, 4-spored, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; sterigmata 3.2–4

× 1.6 μm. Basidioles 14.4–30.4 × 3.2–8 μm, clavate to fusoid, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia few to abundant, of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 12–29.6 × 4.8–14.4 μm, cylindrical to clavate, subglobose or irregular, often 2–3-lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae dense, 0.8–5.6 × 0.8–2.4 μm, cylindrical to conical, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis mottled, a hymeniform layer of Siccus -

type broom cells; main body 8.8–20 × 6.4–8.8 μm, clavate to subglobose or irregular, seldom 2–4-lobed, hyaline,

inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 0.8–7.2 × 0.8–2.4 μm, cylindrical to conical, seldom branched, hyaline to dark brown, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 1.6–16 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 2.4–14.4 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 3.2–10.4 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, brown, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 3.2–27 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thick-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.

Habit, habitat and known distribution:—Solitary or gregarious on leaves and stems of Uapaca ( Phyllanthaceae ), Cryptocarya ( Lauraceae ), Maesa ( Primulaceae ), Volina madagascariensis (bamboo) and Cephalostachium vigueri (bamboo). Madagascar.

Material examined:— MADAGASCAR. Commune Ranomafana, District Ifanadiana , Region Vatovavy-Fitovinany , Ranomafana National Park , Talatakely Trail , elev. 937–973 m, GPS: 21˚ 15.237’ S, 47˚ 25.183’ E, 20 January 2014, J. E. Shay 113 ( SFSU), J. E. Shay 115 ( SFSU), J. E. Shay 125 ( SFSU) & J. E. Shay 131 ( SFSU) ; Ranomafana National Park, Circuit Vohiparara , elev. 1062 m, GPS: 21˚ 14.255’ S, 47˚ 23.409’ E, 21 January 2014, J. E. Shay 133 ( SFSU) & J. E. Shay 137 ( SFSU) ; Ranomafana National Park, Piste B, elev. 1004 m, GPS: 21˚ 15.413’ S, 47˚ 25.253’ E, 22 January 2014, J. E. Shay 166 ( TAN) ; Region Analamanga, City of Antananarivo, Parc Botanique de Zoologique ( P. B. Z. T.), near the garden of Crops Wild and Relatives ( CWR), elev. 1270 m, GPS: 18˚ 55.53’ S, 47˚ 31.35’ E, J. E. Shay 218 ( SFSU) ; Ranomafana National Park, along crest near roadside just outside Park area , 4 February 1999, leg. B. Buyck & G. Eyssartier, Buyck 99.450 ( PC, holotype) .

Notes:— Marasmius brunneoaurantiacus is characterized by a rather large (5–20 mm diam), light brown to brown or reddish brown pileus, subdistant (12–16), collariate, non-marginate or brown-marginate lamellae, a relatively long stipe (up to 67 mm), basidiospores in the range 8–10.4 (–11) × 4–4.8 μm, Siccus - type broom cells, and growth mainly on bamboo leaves, occasionally on dicot leaves.

Antonín & Buyck (2006) described the species as having brown-marginate lamellae, basidiospores in the range 9.5–11 × 4.5–6 μm, and growth on dead leaves of Uapaca ferruginea (Buyck 99.439). The holotype specimen (Buyck 99.450), however, is undoubtedly growing on bamboo leaves. Our material of M. brunneoaurantiacus occurs mainly on bamboo leaves, (although several specimens are on both grasses and dicot leaves ( JES 115, JES 133 )), has basidiomes with brown-marginate or non-marginate lamellae, and the basidiospores are in the shorter end of the range. In other features, our material is indistinguishable from the holotype. An ITS sequence of the holotype specimen ( KX 148978) shows 99.1–99.6% similarity to seven additional specimens from Madagascar ( KX 149009–KX149014, KX 149016), forming a clade with 100% BS and 1.0 PP support ( Fig. 1c ).

Figures

FIGURE 1a. Maximum likelihood phylogeny based on ITS sequence data. Marasmius from Madagascar are indicated in bold type.Values separated by / refer to nonparametric ML bootstrap proportions and Bayesian posterior probabilities, respectively. Values greater than 70/0.70 are shown (- designates a value below 70% or below 0.70). Nodes receiving support values greater than 90/0.95 are represented by bold branches. G—sect. Globulares; N—sect. Neosessiles; SA—sect. Sicci ser. Atrorubentes; SL—sect. Sicci ser. Leonini; SH—sect. Sicci ser. Haematocephali.

PLATE 3. Basidiocarps representing sect. Marasmius subsect. Sicciformes a) Marasmius brunneoaurantiacus (JES 113) b) Marasmius crinisequi (JES 176) c) Marasmius cf. subruforotula (JES 186). Scale bar = 10 mm. Photography by D.S. Newman.

FIGURE 8. Marasmius brunneoaurantiacus (JES 113, JES 137, JES 166, JES 218) a) basidiospores; b) basidia; c) basidioles; d) cheilocystidia; e) pileipellis cells. Scale bar = 10 μm. Illustrated by J.E. Shay.