Schinia crotchii (Hy. Edwards) Revised Status

Pogue, Michael G. & Harp, Charles E., 2003, Systematics of Schinia cupes (Grote) complex: Revised status of Schinia crotchii (Hy. Edwards) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Heliothinae), Zootaxa 294, pp. 1-16 : 5-7

Schinia crotchii (Hy. Edwards) Revised Status

( Figs. 3–4 , 8 , 12–13 , 17 , 20, 22 )

Heliothis crotchii Hy. Edwards 1875: 135 .

Schinia crotchii ; Smith 1883: 232. — Smith 1891: 54. — Smith 1893: 280. — Dyar 1903: 188. — Barnes and McDunnough 1917: 39. — Franclemont and Todd 1983:159. — Poole 1989: 894.

— Poole and Gentili 1996: 771. — Hardwick 1996: 89. [all authors treat as synonym of S. cupes ]

Trichosellus crotchii ; McDunnough 1938: 106, as synonym of T. cupes .

Diagnosis. See discussion under S. cupes .

Description. The maculation of S. crotchii is indistinguishable from that of S. cupes . The descriptions of the abdomen and genitalia only address the differences between S. crotchii and S. cupes . Male: Abdomen: Hair pencils in male absent; scent pockets present ( Fig. 8 ). Forewing: Length 12.0–13.0 mm (n=10). Genitalia ( Figs. 12–13 ): As in S. cupes , but valve and saccus slightly narrower. Vesica with a basal diverticulum and 4 coils.

Female: As in male except forewing length 11.5–14.5 mm (n=10). Genitalia ( Figs. 17, 20 ): Papillae anales broadly rounded with a broadly rounded apex; ductus bursae narrow widening beyond middle to less than twice width at ostium bursae.

Type material. Heliothis crotchii Grote : Male holotype is in The Natural History Museum, London. Type locality: San Diego, California.

Biology. Hardwick (1996) described the early stages of of S. crotchii in detail, but the host plant was given as Orthocarpus purpurascens Bentham (Scrophulariaceae) , which is now recognized as Castilleja exserta (Heller) Chuang & Heckard ssp. exserta . There are currently three recognized subspecies: latifolia (S. Wats.) Chuang & Heckard is reported from Marin Co., California; and venusta (Heller) Chuang & Heckard is reported from San Mateo Co., Santa Clara Co., southwestern San Bernardino Co., and eastern Kern Co., California. Herbarium records for the nominate subspecies match the distribution throughout the range of S. crotchii , except for those records in Washington and Idaho.

Distribution ( Fig. 22 ). From southeastern Arizona west to the Peninsular Ranges of southern California and north in southeastern Washington and southern Idaho.

Material Examined. All specimens are from USNM, except as noted otherwise. U.S.A.: ARIZONA: [No specific locality] (1ɗ 1Ψ), Barnes Collection, B. Neumoegen (1ɗ). MARICOPA CO. Phoenix, 16–23 Apr. (1Ψ). MOHAVE CO. Kingman, 20 Apr. 1954 (1ɗ), 21 Apr. 1954 (1ɗ 1Ψ), male genitalia slide USNM 47011, 23 Apr. 1954 (1Ψ), female genitalia slide USNM 47016, H.P. Wilhelm. PIMA CO. Redington (1ɗ), male genitalia slide USNM 47012; Tucson, 19 Apr. 1938, G.D. Butler (UAT). CALIFORNIA: [No specific locality] (1Ψ), female genitalia slide USNM 47022, 24 Apr. 1924 (1ɗ), E.A. Dodge; southern [no specific locality] (1ɗ), Barnes Collection (1Ψ), B. Neumoegen. FRESNO CO. Coalinga, 2 Apr. 1942 (ɗ), 2 Apr. 1943 (ɗ) ( CNC), 2 Apr. 1943, W.C. Cook ( UIM); Fresno (1ɗ), E.A. Schwarz. KERN CO. Shafter, 28 Apr. 1948 (Ψ), R. v.d. Bosch ( CNC). RIVERSIDE CO. 2 mi N Aguanga, 1992 (3ɗ 1Ψ), D.F. & V. Hardwick ( CNC); SAN BERNARDINO CO. Cajon Pass, 20 Apr. 1939 (1ɗ), Guedet Collection; Loma Linda, 1– 7 Mar. (1ɗ), 16–23 Mar. (1ɗ 1Ψ), male genitalia slide USNM 47005, 8 – 15 Apr. (1Ψ), Barnes Collection. STANISLAUS CO. 4 Apr. (1ɗ). IDAHO: TWIN FALLS CO. Twin Falls, 11 June 1951 (1ɗ), J.B. Douglas, 15 June 1959 (1ɗ), K.E. Gibson ( CNC). WA S H I N GTO N: WA L L A WA LL A C O. Wa l la Wal la, 3 J u ne 1 9 57, W.C.

Cook ( UIM). WHITMAN CO. Pullman, 10 June 1898 (1ɗ), Barnes Coll.

Discussion. Smith (1883) synonymized S. crotchii with S. cupes based on material from Washington Territory, which would make the species Smith was discussing S. crotchii and not S. cupes .

The distribution of larval host plant of S. crotchii is concordant with the distribution of the moth except for records in southeastern Washington and southern Idaho. Perhaps the plant is there but has never been collected. Schinia crotchii is single brooded ( Fig. 24 ) and flies from early March to the end of May, with a single record from early June.

Figures

FIGURE 22. Collecting localites for Schinia cupes (circles) and S. crotchii (squares), shaded area is distribution of host plant Castilleja exserta exserta (Onagraceae).

FIGURE 24. Seasonal phenology of Schinia cupes, S. crotchii, and S. deserticola.

FIGURES 1 – 6. Adults. 1, Schinia cupes, male, Texas, Williamson Co. Georgetown, USNMENT 00145033; 2, S. cupes, female, Texas, USNMENT 00145030; 3, S. crotchii, male, California, southern, USNMENT 00145087; 4, S. crotchii, female, California, San Bernardino Co. Loma Linda, USNMENT 00145094; 5, S. deserticola, male, California, San Bernardino Co. Needles, USN­ MENT 00145165; 6, S. deserticola, female, California, San Bernardino Co. Needles, USNMENT 0 0 145167.

FIGURES 7 – 9. Second sternite of male abdomen. 7, Schinia cupes; 8, S. crotchii; 9, S. deserticola.

FIGURES 10 – 15. Male genitalia and aedoeagus. 10, Schinia cupes; 11, S. cupes, aedeagus; 12, S. crotchii; 13, S. crotchii, aedeagus; 14, S. deserticola; 9, 15, S. deserticola, aedeagus.

FIGURES 16 – 21. Female genitalia and papillae anales. 16, Schinia cupes; 17, S. crotchii; 18, S. deserticola; 19, S. cupes, papillae anlaes; 20, S. crotchii, papillae anales; 21, S. deserticola, papillae anales.