Anticura Spangler, 1979

Minoshima, Yûsuke N., Fikáček, Martin, Gunter, Nicole & Leschen, Richard A. B., 2015, Larval Morphology and Biology of the New Zealand-Chilean Genera Cylomissus Broun and Anticura Spangler (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Rygmodinae), The Coleopterists Bulletin 69 (4), pp. 687-712 : 690-691

Anticura Spangler, 1979

Diagnosis of the Larva. Table 2. Clypeolabrum ( Fig. 3C ) nearly symmetrical; nasale with two teeth in all instars; epistomal lobes reaching about as far as nasale; coronal line present but very short. Head capsule of all instars ( Figs. 3 , 6 ) with numerous trichoid additional setae especially on dorsolateral portions of parietale. Mandibles ( Figs. 4C–D , 7C–D ) with two inner teeth each, all instars without serrate areas on base of inner teeth. Antennal sensorium small (e.g., Fig. 4A ). Inner face of stipes with many stout spines with subapical minute tooth each ( Figs. 4E , 5C , 7E ), indistinctly increasing in size towards distal portion; outer face of stipes of second and third instars with numerous stout secondary setae; maxillary palpomere 3 long ( Fig. 4E ). Labium ( Figs. 4G–H , 7G–H ) moderately sized, lacking hypopharyngeal lobe; ligula present, well-sclerotized; mentum of third instar with very many stout setae dorsolaterally and distally; prosternum not subdivided mesally. Legs ( Fig. 8C ) with setose ventral portion of trochanter. Abdomen ( Fig. 2B–C ) with dorsal and lateral tubercles blunt at apex. Dorsal sclerite of abdominal segment 8 ( Fig. 8D ) complete, but pigmented to appear subdivided mesally ( Fig. 2B ).

The larva of Anticura generally resembles aquatic medium-sized larvae of the tribe Hydrobiusini , but differs from them easily by the bidentate nasale (unique within Hydrophilidae , similar state only present in first instar of Cylomissus , see below) ( Figs. 3C , 6C ), mandible with two inner teeth (a third minute inner tooth is present basally in all known larvae of Hydrobiusini ) ( Fig. 4C–D ), and inner face of stipes with numerous stout sensilla (gMX2) (with five setae ( MX 7–11) in all Hydrobiusini ) ( Fig. 4E ). By the above characters, Anticura also differs from larvae of all other hydrophilid genera occurring in Chile and Argentina, including Cylorygmus Orchymont , which is the only other rygmodine genus with aquatic larvae occurring in southern South America.

Figures

Fig. 3. Anticura flinti, first instar, head capsule. A) Dorsal view, B) Ventral view, C) Anterior margin, dorsal view.

Fig. 6. Anticura flinti, third instar, head capsule. A) Dorsal view, B) Ventral view, C) Anterior margin, dorsal view.

Fig. 4. Anticura flinti, first instar. A–B) Antenna, dorsal and ventral views, C–D) Left and right mandible, dorsal view, E–F) Maxilla, dorsal and ventral views, G–H) Labium, dorsal and ventral views.

Fig. 7. Anticura flinti, third instar. A–B) Antenna, dorsal and ventral views, C–D) Left and right mandible, dorsal view, E–F) Maxilla, dorsal and ventral views, G–H) Labium, dorsal and ventral view.

Fig. 5. Anticura flinti, second instar. A–B) Antenna, dorsal and ventral views, C–D) Maxilla, dorsal and ventral views.

Fig. 8. Anticura flinti, third instar. A) Head, dorsal view, B) Prosternal sclerite, ventral view, C) Metathoracic leg, ventral view, D) Abdominal segments 8–10 with spiracular atrium, dorsal view.

Fig. 2. Anticura flinti. A) First instar, dorsal view, B–D) Third instar, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views, E) Adult, F) Detail of microhabitat in Parque Nacional Villarica, with the plastic box used for floating the specimens from moss, G) Parque Nacional Villarica, Río Palguín, 21.8 km SE of Pucón, Chile, H) Parque Nacional Puyehue, Río Anticura, Chile, I) Logjam at side of the river from which the accumulated debris was also floated and some Anticura collected, J) Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta, Estero Agua de Los Gringos, Chile, K) Detail of microhabitat Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta from which Anticura were collected. Photograph J by D. Vondráček.