HISTERIDAE, Gyllenhal, 1808

Ferro, Michael L., Nguyen, Nhu H., Tishechkin, Alexey, Park, Jong-Seok, Bayless, Victoria & Carlton, Christopher E., 2013, Coleoptera Collected from Rotting Fishhook Barrel Cacti (Ferocactus wislizeni (Engelm.) Britton and Rose), with a Review of Nearctic Coleoptera Associated with Succulent Necrosis, The Coleopterists Bulletin 67 (4), pp. 419-443 : 426-428

HISTERIDAE

Dendrophilinae

Carcinops Marseul

This genus is in need of revision. Mazur (2011) listed 50 valid species in the genus, 16 from the United States and/or Mexico. At least seven undescribed species are known from the deserts in southwestern USA (see below). Hunter et al. (1912) listed Carcinops sp. as a scavenger in cactus. Pfeiler and Markow (2011) offered a preliminary analysis of the phylogeography of Carcinops in the Sonoran Desert. Information on life history and rearing of Carcinops pumilio Erichson , a predator of fly eggs and larvae, can be found in Achiano and Giliomee (2005, 2006) and Kaufman et al. (2001) (and references therein). Key to genus: Hinton 1945a (species associated with stored products); Hatch 1962; Wenzel 1962 ( United States); Kovarik and Caterino 2001 (North America north of Mexico); Mazur 2001 ( Mexico); Bousquet and Laplante 2006 ( Canada).

A review of cactophilic Carcinops of the Sonoran Desert was conducted and six additional species were identified but not formally described ( Swanson 2008). One of the species we collected matches Swanson’ s (2008) manuscript species “rugula” and is referred to as Carcinops n. sp. (rugula) in this paper. An additional undescribed species, Carcinops n. sp. 1, distinct from all previous formally and informally described species, was also collected during our research.

Carcinops consors (LeConte) ( Fig. 7 )

Comments. See Carcinops above.

Range. Arizona, California, Texas, Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica ( Mazur 2011).

Habitat. Collected from the moist part of a rotten cavity in saguaro ( Hubbard 1899), rotten masses of Opuntia ( Lewis 1888) , and decaying vegetable matter ( Fall 1901). Swanson (2008) reported specimens from Ferocactus sp. , Pachycereus pringlei (S.Watson) Britton & Rose , Pilosocereus alensis (F.A.C.Weber) Byles & G.D. Rowley , and Stenocereus montanus (Britton & Rose) Buxb. (all Cactaceae ).

Biology. adults and immatures feed on eggs and larvae of Diptera .

Additional References. Blackwelder 1939b, 1957; Fall and Cockerell 1907; Horn 1873, 1894 (as Paromalus consors ); Leng 1920; Lewis 1905; Moore 1937; Woodworth 1913.

Carcinops opuntiae (LeConte) ( Fig. 8 ) Comments. See Carcinops above. Range. Arizona, California, Texas ( Mazur 2011). Habitat. Collected from rotting Opuntia ( Fall

1901; Horn 1873; LeConte 1858a, as Paromalus 8) Carcinops opuntiae ; 9) Hololepta yucateca ; 10) Iliotona cacti ; 11) Xerosaprinus martini ; 12) Agna capillata .

opuntiae ) and from the moist part of a rotten cavity in saguaro ( Hubbard 1899). Swanson (2008) reported specimens from Pachycereus pringlei , Pachycereus schottii (Engelm.) D.R. Hunt (Cactaceae) , and Stenocereus montanus .

Biology. Adults and immatures feed on eggs and larvae of Diptera .

Additional References. Blackwelder 1939b; Fall and Cockerell 1907; Horn 1873 (key to species, as Paromalus opuntiae ); Leng 1920; Lewis 1905.

Carcinops n. sp. (rugula)

Comments. See above.

Range. Arizona and California, and Sonora, Mexico ( Swanson 2008).

Habitat. O p u n t i a, F e ro c a c t u s, s a g u a r o, Pachycereus schottii , and Stenocereus alamosensis (J. M. Coult.) A. C. Gibson & K. E. Horak (Cactaceae) ( Swanson 2008).

Biology. Adults and immatures feed on eggs and larvae of Diptera .

Histerinae

Hololepta yucateca (Marseul) ( Fig. 9 )

Comments. Hololepta Paykull contains 10 species in North America north of Mexico.

Range. Arizona, southern California, New Mexico, Texas, Mexico ( Carnochan 1917; Leng 1920; Lewis 1888).

Habitat. Decaying fruit of Cucurbita L. ( Cucurbitaceae ), Ferocactus viridescens (Torr. & A. Gray) Britton & Rose (as Echinocactus viridescens ), leaves and stalks of Opuntia sp. (as Opuntia occidentalis ), decaying flower stalk of Hesperoyucca whipplei (Torr.) Baker (as Yucca whipplei ) ( Agavaceae ) ( Fall 1901); necrotic Pachycereus schottii (Castrezana and Markow 2001, as Lophocereus schottii ); decomposing saguaro ( Griffith 1900); saguaro and Opuntia engelmannii Salm-Dyck ex Engelm. ( Hubbard 1899) ; decaying trunks of Yucca treculeana Carrière ( Schaeffer 1907) ; “stem of decaying maguey” ( Wickham 1898).

Biology. Adults and immatures are predatory on fly larvae in rotting vegetation ( Carnochan 1917; Kovarik and Caterino 2001; Mazur 2001). Carnochan (1917) described the immature, pupa, and development of Hololepta aequalis Say. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic studies of some Sonoran desert Hololepta have been performed ( Pfeiler et al. 2010; Pfeiler and Markow 2011).

Additional References. Blackwelder 1957; Bousquet and Laplante 2006 (key to genus, Canada); Carnochan 1917 (key to species); Crotch 1873; Fall and Cockerell 1907; Griffith 1900; Henshaw 1885; Horn 1894; Hunter et al. 1912; Kovarik and Caterino 2001 (key to genus, North America north of Mexico); Lewis 1888 (as Lioderma yucateca ); Mazur 2001 (key to genus, Mexico); Moore 1937; Schaeffer 1907 (key to species); Wenzel 1962; Woodworth 1913.

Iliotona cacti (LeConte) ( Fig. 10 )

Comments. Iliotona Carnochan contains one species in North America north of Mexico.

Range. Arizona, southern California, New Mexico, Texas, Mexico ( Hunter et al. 1912, as Hololepta cacti ; Leng 1920; Blackwelder 1957).

Habitat. In decaying cacti and beneath bark of decaying willow ( Fall 1901, as Hololepta cacti ; Moore 1937); in decomposing Cereus sp. ( Horn 1873, as Hololepta cacti ); in decomposing saguaro ( Hubbard 1899, as Hololepta cacti ).

Biology. Phylogenetic and phylogeographic studies of some Sonoran desert Iliotona have been performed ( Pfeiler et al. 2010; Pfeiler and Markow 2011).

Additional References. Carnochan 1917 (key to species); Crotch 1873 (as Hololepta cacti ); Fall and Cockerell 1907 (as Hololepta cacti ); Henshaw 1885 (as Hololepta cacti ); Horn 1873 (key to species, as Hololepta cacti ); LeConte 1858a (as Hololepta cacti ); Wenzel 1962; Woodworth 1913 (as Hololepta cacti ).

Saprininae

Xerosaprinus martini (Fall) ( Fig. 11 )

Comments. Xerosaprinus Wenzel is divided into four subgenera ( Wenzel 1962) and contains about 25 species (Bousquet and Laplante 2006) with 18 in North America north of Mexico (Kovarik and Caterino 2001). It is in need of revision.

Range. Arizona, California ( Fall 1917, as Saprinus martini ).

Habitat. Rotting Ferocactus wislizeni (this study).

Biology. Unknown. Other members of the genus have been reported from dung and carrion (Bousquet and Laplante 2006).

Additional References. Bousquet and Laplante 2006 (key to genus, Canada); Kovarik and Caterino 2001 (key to genus, North America north of Mexico); Leng 1920; Mazur 2001 (key to genus, Mexico); Wenzel 1962 (key to genus and subgenus, United States).

Figures

Figs. 6–12. Habitus images of Coleoptera in decayed barrel cacti. 6) Apotrepus densicollis; 7) Carcinops consors;