Crotalaria rosenii (Pax) Milne-Redh. ex Polhill, Kew Bull.
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/phytotaxa.533.5.4 |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6313670 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B83A08-D032-6869-F5D5-704218A8FE5E |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Crotalaria rosenii (Pax) Milne-Redh. ex Polhill, Kew Bull. |
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Crotalaria rosenii (Pax) Milne-Redh. ex Polhill, Kew Bull. View in CoL 22(2): 202. 1968.
Erythrina rosenii Pax, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. View in CoL 39: 627. 1907.
TYPE:— ETHIOPIA. Meta , 2500 m, 21 February 1905, F. Rosen s.n. (holotype: WRSL-065900!). Figs. 1–4 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 .
Crotalaria bieberi Cufod., Sitzungsber. Osterr. Akad. Wiss., Math. Nat. Kl., Abt. View in CoL 1. 156: 480. 1947. TYPE:—AETHIOPIEN. Kaffa, without altitude, 6-7 July 1905, F.J. Bieber s.n. (holotype: WU-0122996!).
Crotalaria raffillii Milne-Redh. View in CoL , Botanical Magazine 167: pl. 111. 1950. TYPE:—cultivated in temperature house at Kew, from seeds sent by Sheldon from Abyssinia, without date and collector (holotype: K-001332746!).
Shrub to 2 m tall, poorly branched, with one or two stems, bark pale beige or red with longitudinal fissures. Branches to 1.3 m long, pendule at the apex, terete, glabrous, bark exfoliating, red with circular lenticels to ca. 2 mm long. Stipules absent. Leaves trifoliate, arranged 0.6–2.4 cm apart, petiole 2.5–4.0 cm long, terete, glabrous, pulvinate in the base, 0.1–0.2 cm long, rachis reduced; pulvinules 0.3–0.5 cm long, terete glabrous, leaflets 2.0–2.6 × 1.0– 1.4 cm, elliptical, glabrous; buds with canescent sericeous indumentum; nervation eucamptodromous with 9–12 pairs of secondary nerves. Inflorescences 8–12 cm long, terminal, erect, glabrous, peduncle 2.5–4.0 cm long; bracts 1.5–2.0 × 1.0– 1.5 cm, caducous, ovate, concave, glabrous, with a strong smell, apex acute, with a black tip, with one central nerve and 3–4 pairs of basal nerves; bracteoles 1.0–1.2 × 0.2–0.3 cm, caducous, inserted in the base of the pedicel or 2–3 mm from the base, lanceolate, basal portion strongly attenuated, apex acuminate; pedicel 0.7–1.0 cm long, glabrous; flowers 4.5–5.0 cm long, reclinate; hypanthium 0.5–0.8 cm long, campanulate, glabrous; sepals three, glabrous, the lateral ones, 2.0–2.5 × 1.2–1.5 cm, triangular, the lower one, 2.2–2.5 × 0.7–0.8 cm, lanceolate; standard 5.0–5.5 × 4.0– 4.6 cm, ovate, yellow on the upper surface, yellow or yellow with the nerves dark on the lower surface; keeled on the lower surface and with 15–17 pairs of secondary nerves, arising from the base and dichotomously branched towards the apex; base with two ridge callosities, claw 0.7–1.0 × 0.3–0.4 cm, glabrous; wings 2.0–2.5 × 0.9–1.2 cm, ovate, glabrous, with 15–20 pairs of nerves arising from the base and dichotomously branched towards the apex, claw 1.0–1.5 × 0.1–0.2 cm, perpendicular to the lamina; keel 5.8–6.0 × 2.4–2.6 cm, inflated, apex hooked; with 45–50 nerves arising from the base; pale green in the base, black in the apex; dorsal margin fused in the apex, the free portion of the dorsal margin and the basal portion of the ventral margin canescent tomentose, interior with abundant nectar; claw 1.1–1.5 × 0.2–0.3 cm, perpendicular to the lamina, tomentose in the basal portion; stamens ten, monadelphous, sheath 1.5–2.0 cm long, filaments, 1.2–1.8 cm long, anthers dimorphic, five linear, 0.4–0.5 × to 0.1 cm, and five ovoid, 0.4–0.5 × 0.1–0.2 cm, with longitudinal dehiscence, usually covered with nectar; ovary 0.6–0.7 cm, ovoid, glabrous, with 12–15 ovules, stipe 0.5–0.6 cm long, base with a nectariferous chamber. Legume 5.2–7.6 cm long × 1.3–1.5 cm wide × 1.0– 1.2 cm height, glabrous, elastically dehiscent, with 20–30 pairs of nerves, branched towards the apex, base attenuated, apex with a small hook to 2 mm long, stipe 0.8–1.0 cm long. Seeds 0.4–0.6 × 0.4–0.6 × 0.2–0.3 cm, reniform, slightly compressed, brown.
Etymology: —The specific epithet commemorates Felix Rosen, a German botanist who collected this species.
Distribution and habitat: — Crotalaria rosenii is a high land shrub, endemic of the mountains of Ethiopia, between 1350–2800 m.a.s.l. ( Thulin, 1983), it grows in the evergreen bushland, grassland, stream edges, and margins of forests ( Polhill, 1982; Thulin, 1983). In Colombia, this species has been cultivated between 2600–2800 m.a.s.l. in the Cundinamarca and Boyacá departments (Naturalista, 2021). In Ecuador, it has been cultivated between 2200–2800 m.a.s.l. at Quito ( Naturalista, 2021b) and Ibarra ( Naturalista, 2021c).
Bromatology: —This species has been reported as toxic to livestock ( Edwards, 1976).
Specimens examined: — COLOMBIA. Boyacá: Tunja, cultivado en predios de la U.P.T.C., 2820 m, 18 October 1971, R. Guarín M & M. Villarreal V. 1195 (MEDEL!); Cundinamarca: Sabana de Bogotá, Ciudad Universitaria, jardines del Instituto de Ciencias Naturales , cultivado, 6 January 1969, J. Cuatrecasas 27018 (COL!, US!) ; Bogotá, Parque de la embajada Británica , calle 87 con carrera 11, 1 April 1952, Hayoz s.n. (COL-000052474!); Tenjo , carretera a Subachoque , 26 March 1982, A. Hernández 22 (JBB!); cultivated at the British Embassy Bogotá , IX-1953, J. Idrobo s.n. (US-2123938!); Bogotá , cultivado en jardines, 1 December 1953, J.M. Idrobo 1531 (COL!); predios del Jardín Botánico de Bogotá , “José Celestino Mutis”, 2551 m, 11 December 1985, F. Sánchez, et al.3 (JBB!) . ECUADOR. Pichincha: Bosque Proctector Pasochoa, 30 km SE de Quito, 2850-3900 m, vegetación de Ceja Andina, área lluviosa con suelo humífero, 23 December 1989, G. Aguilar 4 (QCA!); Quito, El Giron, Wilson, 2800 m, 18 April 1982, E. Fegan 41 (QCA!); Quito , Cantón, Campus of the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador , cultivated plants in garden, 2800 m, 2 September 1998, D. Neill 11459 (MO!) . ETHIOPIA. Wabi Shebelle , 16 May 1970, J.L. Guillaumet 2675 (P!) .
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