Cyana bellissima ( Moore, 1878 )

Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), Zootaxa 4738 (1), pp. 1-93 : 44-46

Cyana bellissima ( Moore, 1878)

( Figs 118, 119 , 214–218 , 275 )

Bizone bellissima Moore, 1878 , Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London 1878: 27, pl. 3, fig. 13 (Type locality: [N India, Uttarakhand, Mussoorie] “Masuri, N.W. Himalaya”).

Type material examined. Lectotype (designated herein): ♂, handwritten label “ Masuri N.W. Himalaya Hutton ” / printed label “Moore Coll. 94–106” / printed round label with a red circle “Type” / printed label with a unique identifier “NHMUK010597959” (Coll. NHMUK).

Other material examined. UTTARAKHAND: 16 ♂, 1 ♀, India, Kumaon-Himalaya , Distr. NainiTal, Bhim- Tal, 1500 m, leg. de Freina, 12.VI.–3.VII.1971 (Coll. MWM / ZSM) ; 45 ♂, 9 ♀, India, Kumaon-Himalaya , Bhimtal, 1500 m, 15–20.IX.1976, leg. F. Smetaсek, slides MWM 34436 (♂), MWM 34438 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM) ; 15 ♂, India, Kumaon-Himalaya , Distr. NainiTal, BhimTal, 1500 m, leg. Smetaсek, 12–30.VI.1979 (Coll. MWM / ZSM) ; 8 ♂, 4 ♀, N-India, Bhimtal , 1500 m, 14–30.VII.1979, coll. Dr. Liedgens (Coll. MWM / ZSM); SIK- KIM: 1 ♀, Sikkim , IX.1909, F. Moller, 1910–140 (Coll. NHMUK) ; 1 ♂, Sikkim , Gangtok, 4.VI.2003, leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 2 ♂, Sikkim , Mangan, 12.V.2009, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 1 ♂, India, Sikkim , Lachen, 13.V.2009, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 1 ♂, India, Sikkim , Dodak, 7.V.2014, leg. Rahul Ranjan (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 1 ♀, India, Sikkim , Dodak, 21.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 3 ♂, India, Sikkim , Chungthang, 28.IV.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 1 ♂, India, Sikkim , Golitar, 20.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZ- SI) ; WEST BENGAL: 1 ♂, Darjeeling , Dr. Lidderdale, 79–54 (Coll. NHMUK) ; 1 ♂, Darjeeling (Coll. NHMUK) ; 1 ♀, Gopaldhara , Sikkim (H. Stevens) (Coll. NHMUK) ; 3 ♂, Gopaldhara , Darjeeling, 3440–5800’ (H. Stevens) (Coll. NHMUK) ; 2 ♀, Gopaldhara , Mirik, Sikkim (H. Stevens) (Coll. NHMUK) ; 1 ♂, Gopaldhara , Darjeeling, 3440–5800’ (H. Stevens) / Slg. Daniel, slide MWM 34437 Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM) ; 2 ♀, India, West Bengal , Darjeeling, 27.V.2013, leg. Singh & Ranjan (Coll. NZCZSI) ; MEGHALAYA: 1 ♀, Coll. 657 Khasi Hills (Coll. NHMUK) ; 1 ♂, India, Meghalaya , Pynursla, 11.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 1 ♂, India, Meghalaya , Nehu, 8.IX.2015, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 1 ♂, India, Meghalaya , Umkiang, 28.IX.2015, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 2 ♂, India, Meghalaya , Jowai, 16.IX.2015, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 1 ♂, India, Meghalaya , Jowai, 21.IX.1994, leg. APS Kaleka (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 1 ♀, India, Meghalaya , Ialong, 18.IX.2015, leg. Kumar Kaustubh (Coll. NZCZSI) ; ARUNACHAL PRADESH: 1 ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh , Sessa, 11.V.2013, leg. Rahul Ranjan (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 1 ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh , Naharlagun, 28.IV.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 1 ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh , Poma, 29.IV.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 1 ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh , Raga, 4.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 4 ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh , Raga, 5.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 1 ♀, India, Arunachal Pradesh , Raga, 4.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 1 ♀, India, Arunachal Pradesh , Raga, 5.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 1 ♀, India, Arunachal Pradesh , Daporijo, 7.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI) ; NAGALAND: 1 ♂, India, Nagaland , Kohima, 23.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 2 ♂, India, Nagaland , Zakhama, 25.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI) .

Remark. In the original description, Moore (1878) did not mention a number of specimens, thus, the existence of syntypes is probable. In order to stabilize the nomenclature, here we designate the male specimen deposited in NHMUK and labeled as “Type” as lectotype.

Diagnosis. Forewing length is 19–20.5 mm in males and 25–26 mm in females. The species is variable in the size and shape of black spots on male forewing (in some specimens two distal spots may be connected), and in the ornamentation of its vesica: in all specimens dissected only ventral subbasal cluster of spinules is stable in size, whereas the smaller medial and distal clusters vary in size and one of them may be absent ( Figs 214–218 ). Cyana bellissima is related to the arama–distincta complex, but differs from the related species by its red ante- and postmedial lines and red hindwings. In addition, in male two distal black spots are usually separated (rarely they are connected, but not completely), and the subterminal line is very broad, shade-like, whereas in the related species the distal spots are fused into a large, comma-shaped dash, and the antemedial line is narrow. The male genital capsule of C. bellissima differs from those of related species by its broader valva with the broader distal section of valva and distal saccular process. The aedeagus of C. bellissima is narrower than those of related species, and has elongated coecum (also well-expressed in C. distincta ). The vesica structure of C. bellissima is similar to that of the arama–distincta complex, but the subbasal ventral cluster of spinules is evenly broad, the dorsal diverticulum is strongly narrowed distally, the distal cluster of spinules is smaller, and the medial cluster of spinules is usually present (that is always absent in the related species). The female genitalia of C. bellissima differ from those of the arama–distincta complex by the smaller signum bursae and the smaller bulla.

Distribution. North and North East India ( Smetacek 2008; Singh et al. 2014), Nepal ( Kishida 1993; 1994), Myanmar ( Hampson 1900), China (Guangxi, Yunnan, Tibet) ( Fang 2000), Thailand (including northern Malay Peninsula), Laos and Vietnam ( Černý & Pinratana 2009).

Figures

FIGURES 112–119. Cyana spp.: adults. 112, C. khasiana, lectotype ♂, India, Meghalaya (©NHMUK); 113, ditto, ♀, India, Meghalaya (©NHMUK); 114, ditto, ♂, India, Sikkim (MWM/ZSM); 115, ditto, ♀, India, Sikkim (MWM/ZSM); 116, ditto, ♂, Thailand (MWM/ZSM); 117, ditto, ♂, Vietnam (MWM/ZSM); 118, C. bellissima, ♂, India, Uttarakhand (MWM/ZSM); 119, ditto, ♀, India, Uttarakhand (MWM/ZSM).

FIGURES 214–217. Cyana bellissima: male genitalia. 214, India, Uttarakhand, slide MWM 34436 Volynkin; 215, India, West Bengal, slide MWM 34437 Volynkin; 216, N Vietnam, slide MWM 34477 Volynkin; 217, Nepal, slide MWM 34516 Volynkin.

FIGURES 218–221. Cyana spp.: male genitalia. 218, C. bellissima, N Vietnam, slide MWM 34478 Volynkin; 219, C. arama arama, India, West Bengal, slide MWM 34423 Volynkin; 220, C. arama metis, holotype, India, Uttarakhand, slide MWM 34425 Volynkin; 221, C. distincta, Thailand, slide MWM 34481 Volynkin.

FIGURES 273–276. Cyana spp.: female genitalia. 273, C. khasiana, yellow lined form, India, Meghalaya, slide NHMUK010313269 Volynkin; 274, ditto, red lined form, India, Sikkim, slide MWM 34442 Volynkin; 275, C. bellissima, India, Uttarakhand, slide MWM 34438 Volynkin; 276, C. arama arama, India, West Bengal, slide MWM 34424 Volynkin;