Achrysocharoides Girault

Hansson, Christer & Shevtsova, Ekaterina, 2010, Three new species of Achrysocharoides Girault (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) parasitoids of Phyllonorycter spp. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on Acer platanoides and Robinia pseudoacacia, Zootaxa 2388, pp. 23-43 : 24-25

Achrysocharoides Girault

Achrysocharoides Girault, 1913a:168 . Type species Chrysocharis sarcophaga Girault, 1913b:99 , by original designation.

Neoderostenus Girault, 1913a:144 . Type species Neoderostenus australiensis Girault, 1913a:144 , by original designation. Synonymized by Peck (1951:464).

Enaysma Delucchi, 1954:1 . Type species Enaysma zwoelferi Delucchi, 1954 , by original designation. Synonymized by Yoshimoto (1977:907).

Diagnosis. Frontal suture almost straight, in females often replaced by a transverse ridge; males with a more or less developed frontal cross-carina (i.e. with a carina just below toruli), especially well developed in males with a strongly transverse head; eyes usually densely pubescent; pronotal collar without or with a transverse carina; forewing with postmarginal vein about as long as stigmal vein; petiole short with posterior raised portion short, never longer than broad.

Identification. To separate Achrysocharoides from other Eulophidae genera the keys in the following publications can be used: Bouček (1988) (Australasia), Gibson et al. (1997) (Nearctic), Graham (1959) (Europe). The key to European genera has a partly outdated nomenclature, e.g. Achrysocharoides is there referred to as Enaysma — now a synonym under Achrysocharoides , but this is the only available key for Europe. To separate the species-groups of Achrysocharoides the key in Kamijo (1991) can be used, and in the same publication there are detailed diagnoses for each species-group — this is excluding the crassinervis - group which is diagnosed in Kamijo (1990b).

Species-groups. The subdivision of Achrysocharoides was initiated by Graham (1959) who divided the European species into two subgenera, Enaysma Delucchi and Pentenaysma Graham. These correspond with the two species-groups, atys - and latreilleii -groups, which Bryan (1980) introduced for the European species, thus abandoning the formal subdivision into subgenera. Yoshimoto (1977) divided the Nearctic species into two species-groups, the gahani - and guizoti -groups. Kamijo (1991) transferred some of the Nearctic species from the guizoti -group to either of the two newly erected clypeatus - and titiani -groups, and removed the remaining species in the guizoti -group to the latreilleii -group, thus terminating the guizoti -group. Kamijo (1990b) established the crassinervis -group for two species from Japan and one undescribed species from Nepal. Hence there are currently six species-groups in Achrysocharoides : atys -, clypeatus -, crassinervis -, gahani -, latreilleii -, and titiani -groups. The two species described here belong to the gahani -group ( A. robiniae and A. robinicolus ) and the latreilleii -group ( A. platanoidae ) respectively.