Euura pedunculi ( Hartig, 1837 )

Liston, Andrew D., Heibo, Erik, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege, Nyman, Tommi & Vikberg, Veli, 2017, North European gall-inducing Euura sawflies (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Nematinae), Zootaxa 4032 (1), pp. 1-115 : 96

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4302.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:31B4D326-8D50-41A9-A8A7-69D4427BAD53
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B9953B-5C78-5904-FF48-FF4E233BF997
treatment provided by	Plazi (2017-08-07 14:54:20, last updated 2017-08-07 14:54:32)
scientific name	Euura pedunculi ( Hartig, 1837 )
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Euura pedunculi ( Hartig, 1837)

Nematus pedunculi Hartig, 1837: 388 . Described: ♀, ♂, gall [mixed up with galls of E. venusta ], recorded host: Saalweide [ Salix caprea ]. Lectotype, ♀, designated by Kopelke (1991), ZSM [examined]. Type locality: Germany, near Berlin.

Pontania pedunculi: Konow (1890) .

Pontania (Pontania) pedunculi: Viitasaari & Vikberg (1985) .

Nematus (Pontania) pedunculi: Zhelochovtsev (1988) .

Pontania (Eupontania) pedunculi: Lacourt (1999) .

Eupontania pedunculi: Vikberg & Zinovjev (2006) .

Euura pedunculi: Prous et al. (2014) .

Nematus bellus Zaddach, 1876 : Tafel III(6), 13. Text in Brischke (1884: 170–171). Described: ♀, ♂, gall, larva, recorded hosts: Salix aurita , S. capraea [sic!]. Type material thought to have been destroyed, with most of the rest of Brischke's collection ( Blank & Taeger 1998) . Type locality: not stated, but probably East Prussia .

Pontania bella: Konow (1901a) .

Pontania (Eupontania) bella: Lacourt (1999) .

? Nematus baccarum Cameron, 1876d: 189 –190. Described: ♀, gall, recorded host: Salix cf. aurita . Syntypes probably lost: not located in BMNH. Type locality: Scotland, near Dunkeld. Tentative synonymy with Pontania pedunculi sensu Kopelke [= E. brevicornis ] by Kopelke (1991), or with E. pedunculi by Vikberg & Zinovjev (2006).

Nematus curticornis Cameron, 1885: 202 . Described: ♀. Syntypes not located in BMNH. Type locality: Scotland, Rannoch.

Pontania curticornis: Konow (1890) .

Pontania bella var. nigrescens Enslin, 1915: 360 . Described: ♀. Syntypes, ♀, ZSM [not examined]. Type locality: not stated. Synonymy with P. pedunculi by Taeger et al. (2010).

Pontania pusilla Lindqvist, 1964: 122 –124. Described: ♀, ♂. Holotype, ♀, FMNH [examined]. Type locality: Finland, Sundholmen Island (now part of Helsinki ). Synonymy with P. pedunculi by Vikberg (1970), confirmed by Vikberg & Zinovjev (2006).

Pontania gallarum: Kopelke 1991: 89 ; misidentification.

Notes on types and taxonomy. P. pusilla . Also examined: paratype ["Allotype"], 1♂, FMNH.

Variability. Female: Body length: 2.5–4.3mm. Supraclypeal area, upper outer and inner orbits pale, to black. Male: 2.8–3.7mm. Female and male: femora usually entirely pale, but may be extensively fuscous in northern specimens. Total number of specimens examined: 17.

Genetic data. In BOLD COI barcoding, nearest neighbours are viminalis , and at a different position but also differing by about 1.9%, the nearly undifferentiated aggregation of numerous viminalis subgroup taxa that includes, for example saliciscinereae and nivalis . Thus, the short BOLD sequence for pedunculi appears to be sufficiently distinctive to identify this species. However, only the first sample under the name pedunculi in Fig. 1 ( E. pedunculi / S. caprea , next to E. viminalis ) apparently has this haplotype. The other three samples included in Fig. 1 under the name pedunculi are problematic, and were possibly misidentified.

Bionomics. Host plants: Salix aurita , S. caprea , S. starkeana starkeana , S. starkeana cinerascens (Vikberg & Zinovjev 2006) , S. silesiaca ( Beneš 2015a) , S. caprea × phylicifolia ( Hjältén et al. 2000) . Biology: Hartley (1998), Kokkonen (2000), Vikberg & Zinovjev (2006).

Distribution. Through most of Europe north to Inari Lapland in Finland, and East to Yakutia, Magadan and Sakhalin (Vikberg & Zinovjev 2006). Occurrence in Sweden: published records; probably throughout Sweden ( Coulianos & Holmåsen 1991) north to Luleå Lappmark (Jokkmokk; Julin 1936). Material examined: Skåne, Västerbotten, Luleå Lappmark (Gällivare).

References

Taeger, A., Blank, S. M. & Liston, A. D. (2010) World Catalog of Symphyta (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa, 2580, 1 - 1064.

Benes, K. (2015 a) Czech species of the gall-making sawflies of the genera Phyllocolpa, Tubpontania and Pontania (Hymenoptera, Nematinae). Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae biologicae, 100 (1), 137 - 156.

Blank, S. M. & Taeger, A. (1998) Comments on the taxonomy of Symphyta (Hymenoptera) (Preliminary studies for a catalogue of Symphyta, part 4). In: Taeger, A. & Blank, S. M. (Eds.), Pflanzenwespen Deutschlands (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). Kommentierte Bestandsaufnahme. Goecke & Evers, Keltern, pp. 141 - 174.

Brischke, C. G. A. (1884) Beobachtungen uber die Arten der Blatt- und Holzwespen von C. G. A. Brischke, Hauptlehrer a. D. in Langfuhr und Dr. Gustav Zaddach, Professor in Konigsberg, mitgetheilt von Brischke aus Zaddach's Manuscripten. (Schluss). Schriften der physikalisch-okonomischen Gesellschaft zu Konigsberg, 24, 121 - 173. [1883]

Cameron, P. (1876 d) Descriptions of five new, or little known, species of British Tenthredinidae. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 12, 189 - 193. [1875]

Cameron, P. (1885) A monograph of the British phytophagous Hymenoptera (Tenthredo, Sirex and Cynips, Linne). Vol. 2. Ray Society, London, vi + 233 pp., 27 pls.

Coulianos, C. - C. & Holmasen, I. (1991) Galler: en falthandbok om gallbildningar pa vilda och odlade vaxter. Interpublishing, Stockholm, 317 pp.

Enslin, E. (1915) Die Tenthredinoidea Mitteleuropas IV. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1915 (Beiheft 4), 311 - 412.

Hartig, T. (1837) Die Aderflugler Deutschlands mit besonderer Berucksichtigung ihres Larvenzustandes und ihres Wirkens in Waldern und Garten fur Entomologen, Wald- und Gartenbesitzer. Die Familien der Blattwespen und Holzwespen nebst einer allgemeinen Einleitung zur Naturgeschichte der Hymenopteren. Erster Band. Haude und Spener, Berlin, xiv + 416 pp., pls. I - VIII.

Hartley, S. E. (1998) The chemical composition of plant galls: are levels of nutrients and secondary compounds controlled by the gall-former? Oecologia, 113 (4), 492 - 501.

Hjalten, J., Ericson, L. & Roininen, H. (2000) Resistance of Salix caprea, S. phylicifolia, and their F 1 hybrids to herbivores and pathogens. Ecoscience, 7 (1), 51 - 56.

Julin, E. (1936) Contributions a la connaissance des zoocecidies de la Laponie septentrionale. Botaniska Notiser, 1936 (6), 539 - 562.

Kokkonen, K. (2000) Mixed significance of plant vigor: two species of galling Pontania in a hybridizing willow complex. Oikos. Acta Oecologica Scandinavica, 90 (1), 97 - 106.

Konow, F. W. (1890) Catalogus Tenthredinidarum Europae. (Hymenopterorum XVI familiae.). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1890 (2), 241 - 255.

Konow, F. W. (1901 a) Revision der Nematiden Gattung Pontania Costa. (Hym.). Zeitschrift fur systematische Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie, 1 (2), 81 - 91.

Kopelke, J. - P. (1991) Die Arten der viminalis - Gruppe, Gattung Pontania O. Costa 1859, Mittel- und Nordeuropas (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica, 71 (1 - 3), 65 - 128.

Lacourt, J. (1999) Repertoire des Tenthredinidae ouest-palearctiques (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). Memoires de la Societe Entomologique de France, 3, 1 - 432.

Lindqvist, E. (1964) Neue Blattwespen (Hym., Tentredinidae). Notulae Entomologicae, 44, 121 - 132.

Viitasaari, M. & Vikberg, V. (1985) A checklist of the sawflies (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) of Finland. Notulae Entomologicae, 65, 1 - 17.

Vikberg, V. (1970) The genus Pontania O. Costa (Hym., Tenthredinidae) in the Kilpisjarvi district, Finnish Lapland. Annales Entomologici Fennici, 36 (1), 10 - 24.

Zaddach, G. (1876) Beobachtungen uber die Arten der Blatt- und Holzwespen von C. G. A. Brischke Hauptlehrer in Danzig und Dr. Gustav Zaddach, Professor in Konigsberg, mitgetheilt von Zaddach. Schriften der physikalisch-okonomischen Gesellschaft zu Konigsberg, 16 [1875], 23 - 89, pls. I (4) - III (6).