Zaitunia schmitzi ( Kulczyński, 1911 ), Kulczynski, 1911

Sergei Zonstein & Yuri M. Marusik, 2016, A revision of the spider genus Zaitunia (Araneae, Filistatidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 214, pp. 1-97 : 15-19

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2016.214

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CA243C98-9461-441A-BBD9-ECBDEC103DD9

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5634866

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BA5402-E463-FFA0-ED55-D177FD84F95D

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Zaitunia schmitzi ( Kulczyński, 1911 )
status

 

Zaitunia schmitzi ( Kulczyński, 1911) View in CoL

Figs 6–7 View Fig. 6 View Fig. 7 , 43 View Fig. 43 A, 50A

Filistata schmitzi Kulczyński, 1911: 13 , pl. 1, fig. 3 (♂ ♀).

Zaitunia schmitzi View in CoL – Lehtinen 1967: 275, fig. 21 (♂♀). — Zonstein 2009b: 127, figs 1–12 (♂♀).

Diagnosis

Males differ from those of all other congeners by a long and large cigar-shaped tegulum, a very thick spermophore occupying the whole bulb, a strongly slanting tip of the cymbium and by the extremely short and sideward-directed embolus (vs smaller coniform and longer forward-directed ones in other species). Females are easily distinguished by their intense dark coloration (darker than that in any other species) as well as their low and small globular receptacles, with outer lobe only slightly exceeding the median one in size ( Fig. 7 View Fig. 7 E–K).

Type material

Lectotype (designated by Zonstein 2009b: 127) ISRAEL: ♂, Jerusalem (the current depository unknown; not examined).

Paralectotype

ISRAEL: 1 ♀, Galilee (the current depository unknown; not examined).

Note

Lehtinen (1967) indicated the type series as being kept in IZW, but according to Wioletta Wawer, the curator, these types were not found there (pers. comm.).

Material examined (47 ♂♂, 28 ♀♀, 8 juvs)

EGYPT: 1 ♀, South Sinai, Mt. Catarina , c. 28°33' N, 33°57' E, 16 Jun. 1968, unknown collector ( HUJ). GoogleMaps

ISRAEL: 1 ♀, Upper Galilee, Mt. Meron , 33°01' N, 35°23' E, 900 m, 4–5 Feb. 2007, T. Levanony ( TAU) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♂, same data, but 5–12 Apr. 2007 ( TAU) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♂, same data, but 12–16 May 2007 ( TAU) GoogleMaps ; 2 ♂♂, Western Galilee, ‘ En haMifraz, 32°54' N, 35°05' E, 19 Mar. 1944, A. Shulov ( HUJ) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♂, same region, ‘ En Ya’aqov , 33°00' N, 35°14' E, 26–31 Jul. 2007, I. Shtirberg ( TAU) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♂, Carmel Ridge, Har Horshan, 32°35' N, 35°00' E, near Bat-Shlomo , 28 May 1993, Y. Lubin ( HUJ) GoogleMaps ; 2 ♀♀, same ridge, Elyaqim , 32°38' N, 35°04' E, 15 Mar. 1963, M. Warburg ( TAU) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♀, Jordan Valley, Ein Duyuk , 11 Apr. 1968, M. Pener ( HUJ) ; 1 ♀, same locality, 10 Jun. 1970, M. Pener ( HUJ) ; 1 juv., Yizre’el Valley, Bet HaShita , 32°33' N, 35°26' E, 6 Feb. 1937, A. Shulov ( TAU) GoogleMaps ; 2 juvs, same region, ‘ En Harod , 32°34' N, 35°23' E, 11 Mar. 1945, A. Shulov ( HUJ) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♀, Jerusalem, 16 Jul. 1941, A. Shulov ( HUJ) ; 1 juv., same locality, 12 Dec. 1949, A. Shulov ( HUJ) ; 1 ♀, same locality, 10 Mar. 1961, A. Shulov ( HUJ) ; 1 ♀, same area, Ramat Rahel , 31°44' N, 35°13' E, 23 Apr. 1973, unknown collector ( HUJ) GoogleMaps ; 4 ♂♂, 1 juv., Judean Hills, Sansan Reserve , 31°42' N, 35°05' E, 500–700 m, 22 Mar. 2002, Y. Mandelik ( HUJ) GoogleMaps ; 6 ♂♂, same data, but 31 Mar. 2001 ( HUJ) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♂, same data, but 14 May 2002 ( HUJ) GoogleMaps ; 7 ♂♂, same area, Ramat Avishur , 31°39' N, 34°55' E, 300–400 m, 22 Feb. 2001, Y. Mandelik ( HUJ) GoogleMaps ; 3 ♂♂, same area, Giv’at Zekharya , 31°42' N, 34°57' E, 250–300 m, 22 Mar. 2002, Y. Mandelik ( HUJ) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♂, same locality, but 14 May 2002 ( HUJ) GoogleMaps ; 8 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, 1 juv., same region, National Park Adullam , 1–30 Apr. 2003, U. Columbus & T. Levanony ( TAU) ; 1 ♀, same region, Bet Shemesh , 31°45' N, 34°59' E, 3 Mar. 1954, A. Weissman ( HUJ) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♀, same area, 6 km SW of Bet Shemesh , 31°40' N, 34°57' E, 350 m, 10 May 2009, S. Zonstein ( TAU) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♀, same region, 3.5 km E of Bet Guvrin , 31°37' N, 34°56' E, 350 m, 8 Nov. 2011, S. Zonstein ( TAU) GoogleMaps ; 2 ♂♂, same area, near Giv’at Yeshayahu , 31°40' N, 34°57' E, 300–350 m, 20 May 2007, O. Skutelsky ( TAU) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♂, same data, but 20 May 2008 ( TAU) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♂, same area, Matta , 31°43' N, 35°04' E, 620 m, 13–18 Apr. 2007, I. Shtirberg ( TAU) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♂, same region, near Lahav , 31°33' N, 34°52' E, 500 m, 25–30 Jul. 2006, I. Shtirberg ( TAU) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, same data, but 13–18 Jan. 2007 ( TAU) GoogleMaps ; 2 ♀♀, Northern Negev, Dorot – Ruhama , c. 31°30' N, 34°41' E, 31 Jan. 1972, I. Vaisberg ( HUJ) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♂, same region, HaBesor , 31°18' N, 34°29' E, 70 m, 2 Apr. 2010, C. Drees & L. Friedman ( TAU) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♀, Dead Sea Area, ‘ Enot Zuqim (En Fashkha), 24 Feb. 1942, A. Shulov ( HUJ) ; 1 ♂, same region, Nahal Perat (Wadi Kelt), 13 Jan. 1945, A. Shulov ( HUJ) ; 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀, same region, surroundings of ‘ En Gedi , 31°27' N, 35°23' E, 0 m, 19 Jan. 2013, S. Zonstein ( TAU) GoogleMaps ; 2 ♂♂, 1 juv., Judean Desert, ‘ Arad , 31°16' N, 35°13' E, 20 Dec. 1962, P. Amitai ( HUJ) GoogleMaps ; 4 ♀♀, 1 juv., same locality, 13 Feb. 1969, M. Warburg ( TAU) GoogleMaps ; 1 ♀, Ma’ale Adummim , 30 Apr. 1972, unknown collector ( HUJ) ; 1 ♀, Central Negev, Yeroham , 30°59' N, 34°56' E, 30 Nov. 1964, Blond & Watz ( HUJ) GoogleMaps ; 1 juv., same region, crater Makhtesh Gadol , c. 30°57' N, 35°00' E, 1 Apr. 1962, A. Shulov ( HUJ) GoogleMaps .

Description

Male (from Jerusalem area)

HABITUS. See Fig. 6 View Fig. 6 B.

BODY LENGTH. 2.83.

COLOUR. Carapace dark yellowish-brown with margins, postocular area and eye tubercle dark brown to brownish-black; chelicerae, labium, sternum and maxillae brown; legs brown with diffuse and poorly developed dark-brown fasciae; abdomen uniformly dark brown.

CARAPACE ( Fig. 6 View Fig. 6 E). 1.27 long, 1.03 wide.

EYES. AME 0.06, ALE 0.11, PLE 0.08, PME 0.06, AME–AME 0.06.

PALP ( Figs 7 View Fig. 7 A-D, 43A). Femur equal in length to tibia; tibia thick, uniformly swollen. Cymbium moderately long, with or without small dorsodistal projection. Broad, blunt-tipped tegulum with thick spermophore forming 4 complete coils closely adjoining each other. Embolus short, lacking a neck, flattened and bent retrolaterally.

LEG MEASUREMENTS. ♂(♀)

  Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total
Palp 0.61 (0.80) 0.25 (0.31) 0.59 (0.43) 0.24 (0.79) 1.69 (2.33)
I 1.31 (1.52) 0.49 (0.49) 1.28 (1.41) 1.10 (1.20) 0.73 (0.91) 4.91 (5.53)
II 1.04 (1.15) 0.47 (0.46) 0.98 (0.95) 0.93 (0.85) 0.65 (0.74) 4.07 (4.15)
III 0.98 (0.97) 0.46 (0.46) 0.78 (0.59) 0.95 (0.74) 0.64 (0.65) 3.81 (3.41)
IV 1.25 (1.36) 0.52 (0.48) 1.16 (1.05) 1.26 (1.06) 0.74 (0.73) 4.93 (4.68)

Female (from Jerusalem area)

HABITUS. See Figs 6 View Fig. 6 A, 50A.

BODY LENGTH. 3.85.

COLOUR. As in male, but carapace, palps and legs slightly lighter; in contrast, fasciae on palps and legs somewhat darker than in male.

CARAPACE ( Fig. 6 View Fig. 6 D). 1.52 long, 1.18 wide.

EYES. AME 0.07, ALE 0.12, PLE 0.10, PME 0.07, AME–AME 0.06.

ENDOGYNE ( Fig. 7 View Fig. 7 E–K). With 2 pairs of globular receptacles. Median receptacles two times thinner that lateral; median receptacles separated by 3 diameters; lateral receptacles evenly covered by pores, and median receptacles with pores on head only.

Variation

Carapace length in males varies from 1.03 to 1.30, in females from 1.37 to 2.00; ground colouration varies from medium yellowish-brown with a darker brown abdomen to an almost uniform dark brown.

Ecology

The species inhabits many types of habitats, from deserts through steppes and maquis to low oak evergreen forest; in all these habitats, it occurs mainly under rocks (see Fig. 50 View Fig. 50 A).

Distribution

Egypt (Sinai) and Israel ( Fig. 46 View Fig. 46 ).

HUJ

Hebrew University

TAU

Tel-Aviv University

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Filistatidae

Genus

Zaitunia

Loc

Zaitunia schmitzi ( Kulczyński, 1911 )

Sergei Zonstein & Yuri M. Marusik 2016
2016
Loc

Zaitunia schmitzi

Zonstein S. L. 2009: 127
Lehtinen P. T. 1967: 275
1967
Loc

Filistata schmitzi Kulczyński, 1911: 13

Kulczynski W. 1911: 13
1911
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