Parupeneus fraserorum Randall & King, 2009

Uiblein, Franz, Hoang, Tuan Anh, Alama, Ulysses, Causse, Romain, Chacate, Osvaldo E., Fahmi, Garibay, Soledad & Matiku, Patroba, 2018, A new species and new records of goatfishes of the genus Parupeneus (Mullidae) from the Indian Ocean, with updated occurrence information for P. jansenii in the Western Pacific, Cybium 42 (3), pp. 229-256 : 237-241

Parupeneus fraserorum Randall & King, 2009 Fraser’s goatfish

( Figs 1 , 4 , 5 ; Tab. III)

Parupeneus fraserorum Randall & King, 2009 (type locality off South Africa, south of Durban ).

Parupeneus fraserorum : Randall and Heemstra, 2009;

Uiblein et al., 2017b.

Holotype. – SAIAB 81385, 150 mm SL. WIO, South Africa, reef off Pumala (near Hibberdine), south of Durban, 30°40’3”S- 30°35’40”E, 57 m depth.

Paratype. – SAIAB 81386, 150 mm SL , WIO, South Africa, reef off Pumala (near Hibberdine), south of Durban, 30°38’7”S- 30°33’38”E .

Non-type material. – (n = 16, 93-137 mm SL). WIO, Mozambique : SAM 34150 , 4 , 120-136 mm SL, Mozambique, 24°56’S- 35°12’E , R / V Algoa , 88 m depth ; SAM 34151 , 3 , 106- 125 mm SL, Mozambique, 24°59’S- 35°11’E , R / V Algoa , 105 m depth ; SAIAB 81744, 133 mm SL, 26°30.4’S- 32°58.4’E , R / V Dr. Fridtjof Nansen , 82 m depth ; South Africa: SAIAB 87786, 130 mm SL, South Africa, Richards Bay , 28°50.26’S- 32°11.35’E, 50 m depth ; Madagascar: SAIAB 82829 , 5 , 93-119 mm SL, 25°8.95’S- 47°6.92’E , R / V Dr. Fridtjof Nansen , 81 m depth ; SAIAB 97405, 137 mm SL, Madagascar, Anosy , Fort Dauphin, Libanona Beach, 25°02.347’S- 46°59.743’E, gill net ; SAIAB 188284, 143 mm SL, Madagascar, 25°03.16’S- 47°4.41’E , R / V Dr. Fridtjof Nansen , 64-69 m depth .

Diagnosis

Pectoral fins 15-17; lateral-line scales 27-28; gill rakers 5-8 + 22-24 = 27-31; measurements in % SL, large-sized fish: body depth at first dorsal-fin origin 30-34; body depth at anus 25-28; caudal-peduncle depth 9.9-12; maximum head depth 27-31; head depth through eye 24-26; interorbital length 8.3- 10; head length 31-34; snout length 15-18; postorbital length 11-14; orbit length 6.9-8.3; upper jaw length 11-13; barbel length 22-26; caudal-peduncle length 19-23; caudal-fin length 27-30; anal-fin height 11-14; pelvic-fin length 24-27; pectoral-fin length 27-29; first dorsal-fin height 15-18; second dorsal-fin height 10-13; small-sized fish: body depth at first dorsal-fin origin 30-33; body depth at anus 25-27; caudal-peduncle depth 10-11; maximum head depth 27-30; head depth through eye 23-25; interorbital length 8.0-9.5; head length 33-34; snout length 15; postorbital length 11; orbit length 8.3-8.4; upper jaw length 11-12; barbel length 23-25; caudal-peduncle length 21-23; caudal-fin length 29-30; anal-fin height 13; pelvic-fin length 25-26; pectoral-fin length 27-28; first dorsal-fin height 16-18; second dorsal-fin height 12; posterior maxilla margin evenly, symmetrically rounded; body and head pale pinkish or orangish brown dorsally, white ventrally; faint blue lines in front of eyes; small brown spot (~½ pupil diameter) at upper end of gill opening; orange-yellow stripe from behind eye to dorsal half of caudal-fin base, following lateral line for anterior two thirds of body; pale orange or red patch at pectoral-fin bases; scales often with pale blue iridescence in centre, scale edges darker; 2 nd dorsal fin pale orange to red with wavy pale blue and/or yellow lines; caudal fin pale orange to red, with iridescent blue longitudinal streaks in live fish; barbels white, with or without yellow tips; preserved fish pale or pale brown to pale grey.

Distribution, depth range, and size

South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal), southern Mozambique (new record) and southeastern Madagascar; depth range 39-105 m; attains at least 170 mm SL.

Remarks

The specimens of the Mozambican population newly reported here closely overlap with the other populations in meristic and morphometric characters, independent of size (Tab. III). The specimens of the large-sized group (> 110 mm SL) of the South African population are slightly larger than in other populations, which may best explain the occurrence of minor morphometric deviations, as allometric shape changes appear to happen in larger/older specimens, too. The only noteworthy difference between the two size classes is the larger eye size in smaller specimens, a common allometric trend in goatfishes.

Figures

Figure 1. – A-C: Holotype of Parupeneus inayatae n. sp., MZB 24565, 150 mm SL, SE Lombok, Indonesia; A: Fresh (side reversed; William T. White); B: Preserved left body side; C: Right body side (side reversed); D: P. fraserorum, SAIAB 81744, 133 mm SL, off Mozambique (Phil C. Heemstra); E: P. procerigena, SAIAB 84075, 114 mm SL, Nazareth Bank (Oddgeir Alvheim); F: P. heptacanthus HIFIRE VP 216-14, 154 mm, off Myanmar (Oddgeir Alvheim); G: P. nansen, SAIAB 86973, 141 mm SL, Zanzibar, Tanzania (Gavin Gouws and Monica Mwale); H: P. jansenii, HIFIRE F 58 448, 85 mm SL, Myanmar (unvouchered photograph; Oddgeir Alvheim); I: P. jansenii, UPVMI 2260, 110 mm SL, Iloilo, Central Philippines (Ulysses Alama). Scale bars = 20 mm.

Figure 4. – Standard length against five morphometric characters in Parupeneus fraserorum vs. P. procerigena. In each species the two size groups are distinguished

Figure 5. – Standard length against three morphometric characters, caudal-fin length against pectoral-fin length, and total number of gill rakers against pectoral-fin length in Parupeneus heptacanthus vs. P. fraserorum and P. procerigena. In each species the two size groups are distinguished.