Gilpinia Benson, 1939

Wang, Hannan, Smith, David R., Xiao, Wei, Niu, Gengyun & Wei, Meicai, 2019, Gilpinia infuscalae Wang & Wei, sp. nov. and a key to the Chinese Gilpinia species (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae), Zootaxa 4571 (4), pp. 589-596 : 590

Genus Gilpinia Benson

Gilpinia Benson, 1939: 341 . Type species: Lophyrus polytomus Hartig , by original designation.

Diagnosis. Antenna serrate in female, pectinate in male; malar space 2–3× length of dorsal margin of pedicel; anal cell of fore wing divided by a short straight cross vein; petiole of anal cell in hind wing much longer than vein cu- a; distance between cenchri equal to or less than breadth of a cenchrus; anterior angle of mesoscutellum obtuse; inner apical spur of hind tibia simple or scale like in some females, shorter than tarsomere 1; claws with denticle.

Gilpinia wilsonae Li & Guo, 1999 is not included in the key below as it belongs to Neodiprion Rohwer (Wei et al. 2017).

Character assessment. Black marks on the head. Most Gilpinia species have black head marks. Although we cannot distinguish species only by this, we can divide the head marks into four patterns as below:

1. Head black at least above toruli, but dorsally more or less pale: G. yongrenica , G. pinicola , G. marshalli .

2. Head black with labrum, clypeus, supraclypeal area and dorsal margin of the head more or less pale: G. infuscalae , G. massoniana , G. tohi .

3. Head pale with ocellar area black: G. jinghongensis , G. tabulaeformis , G. lipuensis , G. jingxii , G. hebedentata , G. virens , G. baiyinaobaoa .

4. Head pale without any black marks: G. fennica , G. funingensis .

Inner hind tibial spur. Either simple or scale like; a stable morphological character to distinguish females of some species. All males have the inner hind tibial spur simple.

Lancet. Generally, the lancet is of two types: more uniformly slender, almost cylindrical, with the ventral margin almost straight (as in Figs. 2 A-G, N) or more triangular, broad at the base and sharply tapering to an acute apex (as in Figs. 2 H–M).

Penis valves. Penis valves are characteristic and relatively stable in Gilpinia and may be very useful for identification. However, males are lacking for many species, and we cannot provide an adequate key.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Lancets. A. Gilpinia baiyinaobaoa. B. G. fennica. C. G. virens. D. G. massoniana. E. G. yongrenica. F. G. pinicola. G. G. tohi. H. G. infuscalae sp. nov. I. G. tabulaeformis. J. G. hebedentata. K. G. jinghongensis. L. G. jingxii. M. G. lipuensis. N. G. nigra. A–G, I–M: Drawings of lancet by Xiao (1992), Xiao et al. (1992) and Xu (1997); N, photo by DRS.