Euura lienterica ( Holmgren, 1883 )

Prous, Marko, Liston, Andrew, Monckton, Spencer K., Kramp, Katja, Vårdal, Hege, Vikberg, Veli, Heibo, Erik & Mutanen, Marko, 2025, West Palaearctic species of Euura Newman, 1837 (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 977, pp. 1-377 : 103-106

157 Euura lienterica ( Holmgren, 1883)

Figs 160–162, 164–165 , 388

Nematus lientericus Holmgren, 1883: 146 , pl. 2 fig. 9. Lectotype designated below.

Nematus parvulus Holmgren, 1883: 146–147 , pl. 2 fig. 11. Lectotype designated below. Synonymy by Lindqvist (1944a).

Pontania tenuitarsis Konow, 1901b: 84 (key). Lectotype designated below. Syn. nov.

Amauronematus alberich Benson, 1934: 208–211 . Syn. nov.

Pteronidea vaccinii Lindqvist, 1964: 128–129 . Syn. nov.

Pteronidea facialis Lindqvist, 1969: 234 , 237. Syn. nov.

Pteronidea carinata Lindqvist, 1969: 238–239 . Syn. nov.

Nematus carinalis Vikberg, 1982: 63 . Replacement name for Pteronidea carinata Lindqvist, 1969 .

Diagnosis

Most similar to E. reticulata . The head of E. lienterica is usually more square-shaped in dorsal view and longer in lateral view, the pterostigma (usually?) paler, and the mesepisternum is smooth, whereas in E. reticulata the head is more rectangular in dorsal view or shorter in lateral view, the pterostigma darker, and the mesepisternum is usually slightly matt. Based on extensive sequencing data, the colouration (mostly black to mostly pale) and size (4.5–6.5 mm) varies remarkably in E. lienterica females. Lancets are also rather variable ( Figs 160–162, 164–165 ).

Female

4.5–6.5 mm. Head extensively pale around eyes to nearly black; labrum, clypeus, and supraclypeal area pale; flagellum black to nearly completely pale; thorax nearly completely pale to black; pronotum and tegula completely pale to partly pale; pterostigma pale yellowish; metafemur completely pale to nearly completely black; metatibia and -tarsi nearly completely pale to extensively dark brown; abdomen dorsally mostly black, ventrally completely pale to nearly completely black. Mesepisternum (usually?) smooth. Middle annuli of lancet usually somewhat S-shaped, basalmost annulus straight.

Male

4.5–5.5 (6.0?) mm. Body mostly black. Head partly brown around eyes to completely black; labrum, clypeus, and supraclypeal area mostly black to mostly pale; flagellum black to slightly pale ventrally; thorax black; pronotum and tegula extensively pale to completely black; pterostigma yellowish or brownish; metafemur extensively pale to nearly completely black; metatibia and -tarsi nearly completely pale to extensively dark brown; abdomen dorsally black, ventrally black to mostly pale; sternum 9 completely pale to nearly completely black.

Pteronidea vaccinii is morphologically not distinguishable from E. lienterica , but the collecting locality is unusually far South (southern Finland) whereas all other specimens have been collected above or close to the treeline in the North. A specimen of E. lienterica (PR.603VV, not sequenced) has been reared from Betula nana , and Vaccinium has been reported for E. reticulata ( Kontuniemi 1960) , a similar species living in the same habitats as E. lienterica . Our own observations suggest that E. lienterica could feed on Vaccinium (see below) and that E. reticulata could feed on Salix , Betula , and Vaccinium (see discussion under that species). Whether E. lienterica can feed both on Betula and Vaccinium (and perhaps also on Salix ), needs further investigation.

Type material examined

Lectotype Nematus lientericus , here designated

RUSSIA – Novaja Zemlya • ♀; Matotschkin Scharr [Matochkin Strait]; 73.3° N, 55.6° E; 1875; NHRS, NHRS-HEVA000006473 .

Notes

Best morphological fit: DEI-GISHym21408.

Lectotype Nematus parvulus , here designated

RUSSIA – Nenets Autonomous Okrug • ♀; Vaygach Island ; 69.970° N, 59.674° E; 1875; NHRS, NHRS-HEVA000006479 .

Paralectotype Nematus parvulus

RUSSIA – Nenets Autonomous Okrug • 1 ♀; same data as for lectotype; NHRS, NHRS-HEVA000006478 .

Notes

Head of NHRS-HEVA 000006478 is extensively brown around eyes; thorax, abdomen and metafemora black; short antenna. NHRS-HEVA 000006479 is somewhat paler. Best morphological matches: PR.603 VV and DEI-GISHym12558.

Lectotype Pontania tenuitarsis , here designated

NORWAY – Troms • ♀; Tysfjorden ; 68.204° N, 16.080° E; E. Strand leg.; SDEI, GBIF-GISHym3867 .

Notes

18–19 serrulae.

Holotype Amauronematus alberich

NORWAY – Bear Island (Bjørnøya) • ♀; Nordhama; 74.441° N, 19.040° E; 28 Jul. 1932; G.C.L. Bertram and D. Lack leg.; BMNH, B.M.TYPEHYM.1.419 .

Holotype Pteronidea vaccinii

FINLAND – Häme • ♀; Pälkäne; 61.335° N, 24.272° E; 7 Jun. 1963; J. Kangas leg.; MZH, http://id.luomus.fi/GL.3597.

Notes

18 serrulae, 5 mm. Head shape most similar to DEI-GISHym21408.

Holotype Pteronidea facialis

FINLAND – Inari Lapland • ♀; Inari; 68.911° N, 27.031° E; 2 Jul. 1965; V.J. Karvonen leg.; MZH, http://id.luomus.fi/GL.3564.

Notes

6.5 mm.

Holotype Pteronidea carinata

FINLAND – Lapin Lääni • ♀; Kilpisjärvi; 69.04° N, 20.81° E; 5 Jul. 1950; E. Lindqvist leg.; MZH, http://id.luomus.fi/GL.3568.

Notes

5.5 mm.

Host plants

Vaccinium uliginosum L. based on reared type specimens of Pteronidea vaccinii , which we treat as E. lienterica . One larva (ZMUO.064842) was reared ex ovo from V. myrtillus L., but it died in the second or third instar although V. uliginosum was also offered, indicating a suboptimal host or unsuitable rearing conditions. We have identified a specimen (PR.603 VV, mostly black, lancet most similar to sequenced DEI-GISHym12555) reared from Betula nana also as E. lienterica . At this point it remains unclear which is the preferred host, or whether multiple host plants are accepted (which could be similar to E. reticulata ), or if more than one species of sawfly is involved. Although adults can be very common in arctic habitats, we have not collected any larvae in the field, which probably indicates that the host plants are low-growing Vaccinium , Betula , and / or dwarf Salix , which are much more difficult to collect from than taller plants.

Genetics

COI

Based on 31 specimens, maximum within-species distance is 1.82% and the nearest neighbour, diverging by a minimum of 0%, is Euura flavescens .

Nuclear

Based on 27 specimens, maximum within-species distance is 1.2% (0.86% based on haplotypes of individual females). The nearest neighbour, diverging by a minimum of 0.27%, is Euura flavescens .

Distribution and material examined

Palaearctic. Specimens studied are from Finland, Norway, Russia, and Sweden.

Figures

Figs 158–161. Lancets of Euura Newman, 1837. 158. serela Prous & Mutanen sp. nov., holotype, ♀ ZMUO.035752. 159. reticulata (Holmgren, 1883) PR.588VV. 160. lienterica (Holmgren, 1883) DEI-GISHym21408. 161. lienterica, Nematus lientericus Holmgren, 1883, lectotype, ♀ NHRS- HEVA000006473.

Figs 162–165. Lancets of Euura Newman, 1837. 162. lienterica (Holmgren, 1883) DEI-GISHym12558. 163. lienterica? NHRS-HEVA000006478. 164. lienterica DEI-GISHym12555. 165. lienterica, Pteronidea facialis Lindqvist, 1969, holotype, ♀ http://id.luomus.fi/GL.3564.

Figs 380–393. Penis valves of Euura Newman, 1837. 380. lichtwardti (Konow, 1903) DEI- GISHym84256. 381. moerens (Förster, 1854) DEI-GISHym84252. 382. obducta (Hartig, 1837) DEI- GISHym84481. 383. fahraei (Thomson, 1863) http://id.luomus.fi/GL.3496. 384. tenuiserra (Lindqvist, 1944) DEI-GISHym80664. 385. dorsata (Cameron, 1875) ZMUO.031338. 386. flavescens (Stephens, 1835) DEI-GISHym84191. 387. latibasis (Lindqvist, 1949) ZMUO.035676. 388. lienterica (Holmgren, 1883) DEI-GISHym88729. 389. pravus (Konow, 1895) ZMUO.031418. 390. reticulata (Holmgren, 1883) DEI-GISHym88880. 391. seriepunctata (Malaise, 1921) ZMUO.035721. 392. squamicauda (Vikberg, 1982) 210004_VMZ. 393. serela Prous & Mutanen sp. nov., paratype ZMUO.028330.