GOMPHIDAE

Kohli, Manpreet Kaur, Ware, Jessica L. & Bechly, Günter, 2015, How to date a dragonfly: Fossil calibrations for odonates, Palaeontologia Electronica 19, pp. 1-14 : 7

CROWN GOMPHIDAE

Node Calibrated: (6) Crown Gomphidae . This node represents crown Gomphidae .

Species. Proterogomphus renateae (Proterogomphinae) Bechly et al., 1998

Specimen. Specimen no. 6D in collection of D. Kümpel, Wuppertal, Germany : a male exoskeleton (complete specimen missing one wing). This type specimen shall be donated or inherited to Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart ( SMNS), Stuttgart , Germany .

Phylogenetic Justification. Bechly et al. (1998), Bechly (1998), and Vernoux et al. (2010) established the phylogenetic position of Proterogomphidae within the crown group of Recent Gomphidae , as closest relatives of the subfamily Hageniinae . This position is supported by several synapomorphies, like hind wing triangles with angulate distal side and trigonal planate (posttrigonal sector), hind wings with less than 5 antefurcal crossveins, and branching of RP at midfork symmetrical.

Minimum Age. 150 Ma.

Age Justification. Found in Solnhofen limestones of Bavaria, Germany. These limestones are lower Tithonian (Upper Jurassic) in age. Specifically, the Malm zeta 2b, Hybonotum zone has a minimum age of 150 Ma ( Schweigert, 2007).

Discussion. This has not yet been used in phylogenetic analyses or divergence time estimation. Apart from Proterogomphus renateae , all other species of Proterogomphidae are found in Lower Cretaceous strata ( Bechly et al., 1998; Bechly, 2010; Vernoux et al., 2010). Additional crown group Gomphidae are known from the Lower Cretaceous (upper Aptian, ca. 115 Ma) Crato Formation of Brazil, including Cratolindenia and Cratohagenius ( Bechly, 2000; Bechly, 2010).