Halipeurus spadix spadix Timmermann, 1961

Palma, Ricardo L., 2011, New taxa, new synonymies and new host records in the louse genus Halipeurus (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) parasitic on petrels (Aves: Procellariiformes), Zootaxa 3017, pp. 1-45 : 22-23

Halipeurus spadix spadix Timmermann, 1961 —new status

Halipeurus spadix Timmermann, 1961: 409 , fig. 7. Type host: Puffinus opisthomelas Coues, 1864 . Holotype 3 in NHML.

Halipeurus intestatus Timmermann, 1961: 410 . Type host: Puffinus lherminieri lherminieri Lesson, 1839 . Holotype 3 in NHML.

Halipeurus (Halipeurus) taxosetus Edwards, 1961: 145 , figs 3I–7I. Type host: Puffinus nativitatis Streets, 1877 . Holotype 3 in AMNH.

Halipeurus (Halipeurus) spadix ; Timmermann, 1965: 142, fig. 84.

Halipeurus (Halipeurus) spadix ; Price et al., 2003: 188.

MATERIAL EXAMINED

Types

Ex Puffinus nativitatis : Holotype 3 and 23 paratypes of Halipeurus taxosetus, Ducie I. , Pitcairn Group, South Pacific Ocean, no date, R.H. Beck, RLE 62 ( AMNH); allotype Ƥ of H. taxosetus, Christmas I. , Pacific Ocean, no date, R.H. Beck, RLE 16 ( AMNH).

Non-types

Ex Puffinus opisthomelas : 13, 9Ƥ, Pacific Grove, California, U.S.A., Oct. 1896, V. Kellogg ( CISC); 43, 3Ƥ, Santa Barbara, California, U.S.A., 11 Feb. 1903 ( MONZ); 13, 1Ƥ, Monterey Bay, California, U.S.A., no date, R.L. Edwards 16 ( KCEM).

Ex Puffinus nativitatis : 13, 3Ƥ, Ducie I., Pitcairn Group, South Pacific Ocean, 30 Mar. 1922, R.H. Beck ( MONZ); 33, 2Ƥ, Moku Manu, off Oahu I., Hawaiian Is, U.S.A., 17 May 1947, L. Kartman, 47-9866 ( USNM); 103, 2Ƥ, Eastern I., Midway Atoll, Hawaiian Is, U.S.A., 26 Jul. 1962, H.I. Fisher ( MONZ; BPBM; USNM); 13, Motu Upua Islet, Christmas I., Pacific Ocean, 17 Jun. 1964, D. Hackman, 1531 ( USNM); 13, 2Ƥ, Phoenix Is, Kiribati, Pacific Ocean, 12 Jul. 1964, D. Hackman, 1699 ( KCEM; USNM); 13, 1Ƥ, Phoenix I., Phoenix Is, Kiribati, Pacific Ocean, 28 May 1965, POBSP 4485 ( KCEM); 23, 2Ƥ, at sea, 6o41’N- 152o45’W, 10 Jun. 1965, POBSP 4268 ( USNM); 83, 3Ƥ, Ducie I., Pitcairn Group, South Pacific Ocean, 2 Aug. 1991, J.N. Jolly ( MONZ).

Ex Puffinus lherminieri lherminieri : 13, 1Ƥ, Bird Rocks, Barbados I., Atlantic Ocean, 21 Mar. 1889 ( MONZ); 2Ƥ, Cape May, New Jersey, U.S.A., Aug. 1926, A. Wetmore ( USNM); 423, 51Ƥ, W. Elbow Key, Bahamas Is, Atlantic Ocean, 19 Jun. 1930, H.S. Peters ( USNM; KCEM; MONZ); 53, 3Ƥ, Edisto Beach, South Carolina, U.S.A., 24 Jul. 1938, E.B. Chamberlain, 64-7554 ( USNM); 53, 5Ƥ, Black Bay, North Carolina, U.S.A., Aug. 1939, J.H. Grey ( KCEM); 153, 6Ƥ, Manzanilla Beach, Trinidad I., Atlantic Ocean, 4 Apr. 1957, W.G. Downs, 656 ( USNM); 13, 1Ƥ, Miami, Florida, U.S.A., 9 May 1980, 1169 ( KCEM); 13, 1Ƥ, Patrick AFB, Florida, U.S.A., 21 Jul. 1980, W. Hoffman ( KCEM); 83, 8Ƥ, Morant Cays, Jamaica, 4 Dec. 1997, B. Zonfrillo ( MONZ); 13, Grenada I., Atlantic Ocean, no date, B. Lintern, D.M. 18666 ( MONZ).

Ex Puffinus lherminieri bannermani Mathews & Iredale, 1915: 43 , 6Ƥ, Chichijima I., Bonin Is, Tokyo Prefecture, Japan, no date, M. Tsurumi (MONZ; YIOJ).

Ex Puffinus huttoni Mathews, 1912: 13 , Waimakariri River Estuary, Canterbury, N.Z., 2 Oct. 1964, D. Dawson (RLCP); 13, 2Ƥ, Taumutu, Canterbury, N.Z., 17 Oct. 1964, J.R. Jackson (RLCP); 13, 1Ƥ, Spencerville, Canterbury, N.Z., 2 Nov. 1964, D. Dawson (RLCP); 13, 1Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 23 Mar. 1966, J.T. Kay (MONZ); 33, 2Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 20 Nov. 1966, L. Bowring (RLCP); 13, 1Ƥ, Kaikouras, N.Z., 24 Sep. 1967, W.V. Ward (NZAC); 43, Kaikoura, N.Z., 1 Apr. 1968, C.M. 68/535 (RLCP); 2Ƥ, Head of Kowhai River, Kaikoura, N.Z., 21 Feb. 1970, J.R. Jackson (RLCP); 13, 5Ƥ, Head of Kowhai River, Kaikoura, N.Z., 8 Mar. 1970, J.R. Jackson (RLCP); 13, 1Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 16 Mar. 1970, L. Bowring (RLCP); 33, 3Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 4 Oct. 1970, I. Mannering, KA 0 27 (RLCP); 1Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 9 Oct. 1971, KA 074B (RLCP); 13, 1Ƥ, New Brighton, Canterbury, N.Z., 24 Oct. 1971, J.R. Jackson (RLCP); 13, 1Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 15 Mar. 1972, I. Mannering, KA 193B (RLCP); 23, Kaikoura, N.Z., 16 Mar. 1973, G.D. Fenwick (RLCP); 33, 3Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 23 Mar. 1973, I. Mannering (RLCP); 63, 6Ƥ, Taumutu, Canterbury, N.Z., 10 Nov. 1973, D. Geddes (RLCP; MONZ); 33, 3Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 23 Mar. 1974, W.C. Clark (RLCP); 53, 5Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 5 Dec. 1974, I. Mannering, KA 306 (RLCP; MONZ); 63, Kaikoura, N.Z., 23 Dec. 1974, I. Mannering (RLCP; MONZ); 13, 1Ƥ, Waimairi Beach, Canterbury, N.Z., 8 Nov. 1975, J.R. Jackson (RLCP; MONZ); 13, Kaikoura, N.Z., 21 Jan. 1977, W.C. Clark, KA 465A (RLCP); 53, 1Ƥ, Wellington City, N.Z., 21 Apr. 1977, Wildlife Service (MONZ); 33, 3Ƥ, Lyall Bay, Wellington, N.Z., 22 Apr. 1977, Mr Reed (MONZ); 23, 2Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 14 Oct. 1978, J. Cowie (MONZ); 33, 1Ƥ, Plimmerton, Wellington, N.Z., 29 Apr. 1979, J. Woodward (MONZ); 43, 4Ƥ, Muriwai, Auckland, N.Z., 9 Nov. 1979, S.M. Reed (MONZ); 53, 5Ƥ, Waimairi Beach, Canterbury, N.Z., 3 Jan. 1980, M.D. McNeil (MONZ); 53, 3Ƥ, North Beach, Canterbury, N.Z., 17 Jan. 1981, J.R. Jackson (RLCP); 13, 1Ƥ, Waikanae Beach, Wellington, N.Z., 12 Feb. 1983, A.J.D. Tennyson (MONZ); 43, 4Ƥ, Strathmore, Wellington, N.Z., 26 Mar. 1984, M. Roberts (MONZ); 43, 4Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 20 Oct. 1984, J. Warham (MONZ); 13, 1Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 2 Nov. 1998, J. Briskie & T.D. Galloway (MONZ).

DISCUSSION: The new status of Halipeurus spadix as the nominate subspecies is the result of my demoting the taxon Halipeurus subclavus to a subspecies of H. spadix (see Discussion under H. spadix subclavus ).

Edwards (1961: 146) identified two males and two females from Puffinus lherminieri bannermani ex Bonin Islands, as Halipeurus taxosetus (= Halipeurus spadix spadix ), but that host-louse association was not included in Price et al. (2003). The specimens of Halipeurus from P. l. bannermani examined for this paper fall within the ranges of H. spadix spadix .