Lophomilia Warren, 1913

Kononenko, Vladimir & Behounek, Gottfried, 2009, A revision of the genus Lophomilia Warren, 1913 with description of four new species from East Asia (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Hypeninae), Zootaxa 1989, pp. 1-22 : 2

Genus Lophomilia Warren, 1913

LOPHOMILIA Warren, 1913 , in Seitz, Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 3: 411. Type-species: Egnasia polybapta Butler, 1879 by original designation.

= ATUNTSEA Berio, 1977 , Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria 81: 237 [25 February 1977]. Type-species: Atuntsea hoenei Berio, 1977 , by original designation.

=BRYOPGRAPTA Sugi, 1977, Ty ō to Ga, 28: 39 [1 March 1977]. Type-species: Bryograpta kogii Sugi, 1977 , by original designation.

Sugi 1992: 381 (synonymy of Bryograpta with Atuntsea ); Speidel, 1993: 10 (synonymy of Bryograpta with Atuntsea ); Kononenko & Han 2007: 37 (synonymy of Atuntsea with Lophomilia ).

Diagnosis. Moths in the genus Lophomilia are small to medium sized noctuids (wingspan 26–32 mm) with slender body, quadrifid venation and relatively narrow forewings. The genus includes 13 species, distributed exclusively in East Asia, predominantly in Manchurian and Sino-Himalayan subregions of the Palaearctic and the Oriental region. Larvae that are known feed on woody plants, particularly Quercus and Castanea . Characters defining Lophomilia in the male genitalia are the structure the of uncus (which is relatively short, sickle-like and slightly hooked on the top similar to Hypena ), the structure of the valv (which often has the costa separated from the membranous valva), a longitudinal directed clasper-harpe complex, and a small sacculus and a sclerotized saccular extension. The female genitalia include a broad ovipositor, short, flattened and sclerotised ductus bursae, and short and rather stout corpus bursae. The genus can be subdivided further into eight species-groups by the degree of the expression of these characters.

The genus Lophomilia is closely allied to the East Asian genera Hepatica Staudinger, 1892 [Type-species: Hepatica anceps Staudinger, 1892 ( Figs. 24 , 39 )] and Coarica Moore, 1882 [Type-species: Coarica fasciata Moore, 1882 ] and may prove to be congeneric with them. In addition to Lophomilia , Hepatica , and Coarica , the genera Paragabara Hampson, 1926 , Gonepatica Sugi, 1982 , Stenbergmania . Bryk, 1949, and Mecistoptera Hampson, 1893 are only uncertainly placeable at present. Kononenko (2005) provisionally placed Lophomilia with a group of unassociated genera in the subfamily Eublemminae (sensu lato), though there are some features (long, flattened labial palpi and details of genitalia) which do not associate it with current concepts of Eublemminae. Following Holloway (2005, 2008), who placed Hepatica and Mecistoptera into Hypeninae , we transfer the genus Lophomilia to the subfamily Hypeninae . Further examination of tropical genera and analysis of tribal affinities in the subfamily Hypeninae is needed to resolve the systematic position of Lophomilia .

Figures

FIGURES 17 – 24. Lophomilia spp., adults. 17. L. kogii, male, Russia, Primorye terr. Khasansky distr., Andreevka (FNM); 18. L. albicosta, male, China, Tapai-Shan (ZFMK); 19. L. albistria, male, Nepal, Kathmandu, Pulchouki Mt. (ZSM); 20. L. albistria, female, Nepal, Pulchouki Mt. (ZSM); 21. L. kobesi, male, holotype, Indonesia, Sumatra (ZSM); 22. L. kobesi, female, paratype, Indonesia, Sumatra (ZSM); 23. L. violescens, holotype, male, Nepal, Godavari (after Yoshimoto, 1993); 24. Hepatica anceps, syntype, Russia, “ Sutschan ” (MNHU).

FIGURES 33 – 39. Lophomilia spp. and Hepatica anceps, adults and male genitalia. 33. L. striatipurpurea, imago (after Holloway 1976); 34. L. striatipurpurea, male genitalia (after Holloway 1976); 35. L. albicosta, China, Tapaishan, prep. 2093 VK ZFMK; 36. L. kobesi, holotype, prep. 6540 GB, Indonesia, Sumatra (ZSM); 37. L. violescens, holotype, Nepal (after Yoshimoto 1993); 38. L. albistria, prep. 6526 GB, Nepal, Kathmandu, Pulchouki Mt. (ZSM); 39. Hepatica anceps, Russia, Primorye terr. prep. AM ZISP.