Euphorbia iranshahri Pahlevani, 2011

Pahlevani, Amirhossein & Mozaffarian, Valiollah, 2011, Euphorbia iranshahri (Euphorbiaceae), a new endemic species from Iran, Adansonia (3) 33 (1), pp. 93-99 : 96-98

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5252/a2011n1a6
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C07852-FFD6-FFCD-6ACD-FCE2FDA4FE4E
treatment provided by	Carolina
scientific name	Euphorbia iranshahri Pahlevani
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Euphorbia iranshahri Pahlevani , sp. nov.

( Fig. 1 View FIG )

Differt ab E. microsciadia umbellae radiis 6-8 (raro 5), involucri phyllis 6-8 (raro 5), involucri dentibus longe subulatis a staminibus longioribus (nec brevioribus et nec deltoideis), coccis dorsum acute angularibus (nec obtusis), seminibus laevibus (nec foveolatis).

TYPUS. — Iran. Chaharmahale-Bakhtiari, Shahrekord, Farsan, Babaheidar, Sefiddaneh, 2360 m, 32°20’25”N, 50°24’45”E, 4. VI.2008 , Mozaffarian 93796 (holo-, TARI!; iso-, IRAN!) .

OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Iran. Esfahan, Semirum, Kuh-e Pashmaku , 2650-3000 m, 6. VI.1974, Iranshahr 18016 ( IRAN). — Same data, 2820 m, 27.VII.2009 , Pahlevani & Bahramishad 53913 ( IRAN). — Chaharmahale Bakhtiari, 12 km Broujen, Faradonbeh , 2300-2700 m, 31. V.1974, Iranshahr 18110 ( IRAN). — Gandoman , 2100 m, 6. VI.1973, Iranshahr & Moussavi 18122 ( IRAN). — Lordegan to Goushaki, 21 km to Lordegan , 5. VI.1973, Iranshahr & Moussavi 18119 ( IRAN). — 22 km Shahr-e Kord to Broujen , 6.VII.2009 , Djavadi, Ghanbari & Torabi 53914 ( IRAN).— Kouhrang, Marboreh , 2350 m, 24. VI.2008, Eskandari et al. 51489 ( IRAN). — Brujen, Sibak to Naghoun , 2100-2200 m, 6. VI.1973, Iranshahr & Moussavi 18102 ( IRAN). — Fars, Abadeh, Dolatabad , 23. V.1966, Borumand 47989 ( IRAN). — Abadeh, Shahrmian , 2300 m, 10. VI.1969, Termeh & Izadyar 47938 ( IRAN) .

DESCRIPTION

An erect and much-branching glabrous perennial herb. Cauline leaves alternate, sessile or subsessile, obovate, oblanceolate or sometimes oblong, 3-4 × 1-1.5 cm, acute, entire, tapered or cuneate at the base, palminerved. Rays (5) 6-8, without axillary rays; ray-leaves 6-8, obovate or oblanceolate; raylet-leaves opposite, resembling to other leaves but smaller than them, acute or mucronulate. Cyathia sessile or rarely subsessile; cyathia lobes subulate and longer than or sometimes equal with anthers. Glands variable, yellowish-ochreous or brown, crescent, concave on the outer edge with or without 2 horns, horns short or long, simple and stramineous. Capsules 5-6 × 4-5 mm, long-pedicellate, trilobate, sharp-keeled and smooth. Seeds oblong or ellipsoid, 3-4 mm long (without caruncle), smooth, papillose (with high magnification), pale gray or yellowish; caruncle 1-1.5 mm, obtuse and conical.

REMARKS

Despite the high morphological plasticity of E. microsciadia Boiss. in many respects, such as height of plant, length of rays, the number of rays and rayleaves, and the shape of the glands, it is obviously different from E. iranshahri in seed ornamentation ( Fig. 2 View FIG A-C, E-G), lobe of cyathium and keel of the capsule ( Table 1). According to Figure 2 View FIG A-C, E-G, it is obviously recognized there is no ornamentations on the entire seed surface of Euphorbia iranshahri ( Fig. 2A, B View FIG ) while there are many irregular ornamentation on seeds of E. microsciadia ( Fig. 2E, F View FIG ). These two taxa can, however, be distinguished from one another by several features, combined with their different substrate preferences as summarized in Table 1.

DISTRIBUTION

Euphorbia iranshahri is restricted to the middle to high altitudes of the Zagros Mountains, comprising

Chaharmahale Bakhtiari, Esfahan and Fars provinces ( Fig. 3A View FIG ), growing on rocky slopes from c. 2100- 3000 m altitude. In contrast, E. microsciadia not only

occurs in Zagros regions but also in Alborz, Khorasan Mountains and Central Iran ( Fig. 3B View FIG ).

ETYMOLOGY

Euphorbia iranshahri is named in honor of Musa Iranshahr, a pioneering botanist of Iran who contributed extensively to Prof. Karl Heinz Rechinger’s Flora Iranica project, and has collected material of this newly described Euphorbia species.