Markia White, 1862

Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Braun, Holger & García, Alexander García, 2022, The tribe Dysoniini part VI: Phylogeny, biogeography and evolutionary trends of the lichen katydid genera (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae). Eleventh contribution to the suprageneric organization of Neotropical phaneropterines, Zootaxa 5166 (1), pp. 1-93 : 32-37

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5166.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:17952A48-902C-47A0-A344-8B07490F3B28

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6885782

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C0C519-CF22-6175-D4A2-8C7449D5F969

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Markia White, 1862
status

 

Markia White, 1862 View in CoL

Diagnosis. Vertex elevated, developed as a vertical, slightly forward-directed spine ( Figs. 20A, K View FIGURE 20 , 21A View FIGURE 21 ). Frons delimited between the genae by a suture. Pronotum smooth, with two flattened spine-like projections on the pronotal disk: one at the anterior margin and another higher and slightly curved on the rear margin ( Figs. 20A, K View FIGURE 20 , 21A View FIGURE 21 ). Fore tibiae with two dorsal spines at the lower margin of the tympana. Hind femora and tibiae with elongated and curved spines. Mesosternum narrower than metasternum, constricted and almost square; lateral lobes partially covering bases of coxae, hind margin touching the metafurcal groove, which is small, rounded, and deep. Tegmina undulate and with a broadly truncate tip. Male cerci bifurcate ( Figs. 20D, Q View FIGURE 20 , 21G View FIGURE 21 ). Ovipositor long, curved upward, with apical region slightly serrulate.

Type species. Phaneroptera hystrix Westwood, 1844 View in CoL , by original monotypy.

Distribution. Andes from Venezuela to Peru, few species in the Amazon region, and others ranging from the Tumbes-Chocó-Magdalena ecoregion across Central America to Mexico, in particular the Hystrix and Sarriai species groups ( Map 5 View Map 5 ). Species of the Erinaceus group are found in Guyana and the northern Andes, as well as the adjacent Amazon ( Map 6 View Map 6 ). It seems evident that the cordilleras became an effective barrier which caused vicariance and split the species into different groups ( Cadena-Castañeda 2013a, b).

Key to species of Markia View in CoL

2. Medium-sized (50–54 mm), pronotal spines moderately long and broad; internal branch of male cerci with denticulations on the ventral margin or at the tip........................................................................... 2

- Larger (60–65 mm), pronotal spines clearly longer than vertex spine, male cerci with both branches sclerotized, pointed, not denticulate.......................................................................... Erinaceus Group …6

3. Pronotal spines elongated, metazonal spine longer than the vertex spine; leg spines elongated; hind femora armed with seven or eight spines on the outer ventral margin, projecting laterally, usually with the sixth spine projecting toward the dorsal margin..................................................................................... Hystrix Group …3

- Pronotal spines shorter, not exceeding vertex spine ( Fig. 20A–B View FIGURE 20 ); leg spines moderately developed, hind femur with five slightly laterally-projecting spines on outer ventral margin......... Sarriai Group and M. sarriai Cadena-Castañeda, 2013 View in CoL

4. Vertex spine inclined ( Fig. 20E View FIGURE 20 ); outer branch of male cerci sickle-shaped, thin and elongated, three times as long as internal branch ( Fig. 20G View FIGURE 20 ).................................................... M. major ( Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878) View in CoL

- Vertex spine straight; branches of male cerci similar in length and slightly pointed.................................. 4

5. Prozonal spine of the pronotum straight and similar in length as the metazonal spine; male cerci not as described below.... 5

- Prozonal spine of pronotum curved forward ( Fig. 20H View FIGURE 20 ); outer branch of male cerci 0.7 times as long as inner branch, slightly curved; inner branch with sclerotized dorsal margin, dilated at the base and with five denticulations at the apex ( Fig. 20J View FIGURE 20 )........................................................................ M. espinachi Cadena-Castañeda, 2013 View in CoL

6. Vertex spine 0.6 times as long as prozonal spine, metazonal spine with posterior margin almost straight, anterior margin very slightly concave ( Figs. 20K, L View FIGURE 20 ); outer branch of male cerci 0.8 times as long as internal branch, slightly curved; inner branch with sclerotized dorsal margin, dilated at the base and with eight denticulations at the apex ( Fig. 20N View FIGURE 20 ).......................................................................................... M. nicolasi Cadena-Castañeda, 2013 View in CoL

- Vertex spine 0.9 times as long as prozonal spine, metazonal spine with posterior margin curving forward, anterior margin concave ( Fig. 20 O View FIGURE 20 ), male cerci pincer-shaped, branches moderately developed and thin, outer branch slightly curved and hookshaped, internal branch with denticulate ventral margin, apex smooth ( Fig. 20Q View FIGURE 20 )............ M. hystrix ( Westwood, 1844) View in CoL .

7. Prozonal spine of pronotum straight....................................................................... 7

- Prozonal spine of pronotum curved forward............................................................... 10

8. Distance between pronotal spines at bases 1.8–2.2 mm and at apices 5.0– 7.5 mm ................................... 8

- Distance between pronotal spines at bases 1.3–1.5 mm and at apices 5.2–5.5 mm ( Fig. 21E View FIGURE 21 ); male cerci with the outer branch 1.8 times as long as the inner branch ( Fig. 21G View FIGURE 21 ). ………………………. M. erinaceus Cadena-Castañeda & Gorochov, 2013 View in CoL

9. Distance between pronotal spines at bases 1.8–2.0 mm and at apices 5.7–6.0 mm ( Fig. 21B View FIGURE 21 ); branches of male cerci similar in shape ( Fig. 21D View FIGURE 21 )........................................................... M. arizae Cadena-Castañeda, 2013 View in CoL

- Distance between pronotal spines at bases 2.0– 2.2 mm and at apices 5.0– 7.5 mm; outer branch of cerci longer than inner branch.............................................................................................. 9

10. Metazonal spine 1.5 times as long as vertex spine, posterior margin slightly curved in lateral view, anterior margin concave; distance between pronotal spines at bases 2.0– 2.2 mm and at apices 5.0– 5.5 mm ( Fig. 21H View FIGURE 21 ); male cerci with conical outer branch three times as long as inner branch ( Fig. 21J View FIGURE 21 )................................... M. gaianii Cadena-Castañeda, 2013 View in CoL

- Metazonal spine 1.7 times as long as vertex spine, posterior margin straight, anterior margin undulate; distance between pronotal spines at bases 2.5 mm and at apices 7.5 mm ( Fig. 21K View FIGURE 21 ); male cerci with outer branch twice as long as inner branch, cylindrical and thin ( Fig. 21L View FIGURE 21 )............................................. M. agudeloi Cadena-Castañeda, 2013 View in CoL

11. Vertex spine straight, prozonal spine dilated, with posterior margin curving forward in the middle, anterior margin only little concave; metazonal spine longer and twice as broad as prozonal spine ( Fig. 21M View FIGURE 21 ); male subgenital plate with shallow V-shaped emargination, digitiform styli 2.5 times as long as depth of emargination ( Fig. 21N View FIGURE 21 ).. M. guerreroi Cadena-Castañeda, 2013 View in CoL

- Vertex spine inclined, prozonal spine more slender and gradually curving forward with both anterior and posterior margin uniformly curved, metazonal spine slightly longer and three times as broad as prozonal spine ( Fig. 21P View FIGURE 21 ); apex of male subgenital plate slightly expanding, emargination deeply U-shaped and the cylindrical styli 1.8 times as long as depth of emargination ( Fig. 21Q View FIGURE 21 )........................................................... M. bolivarensis Cadena-Castañeda, 2013 View in CoL

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Orthoptera

Family

Tettigoniidae

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