Epiphragma Osten Sacken, 1860

Kato, Daichi, Nakamura, Takeyuki & Tachi, Takuji, 2020, Taxonomic study of the genus Epiphragma of Japan (Diptera: Limoniidae), Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 60 (2), pp. 449-461 : 450

Genus Epiphragma Osten Sacken, 1860

Epiphragma Osten Sacken, 1860: 238 (as subgenus of Limnophila Macquart, 1834). Type species: Limnophila pavonina Osten Sacken, 1860 .

Epiphragma : O SΤΕΝ SΑ CkΕΝ (1869): 193 (elevated to genus).

Remarks. In the Japanese species, the following characters are shared: medium sized, brownish flies; head with vertex bearing indistinct dark markings or longitudinal line; eye dichoptic in both sexes; antenna relatively long, if bent backward, reaching near base of halter, scape cylindrical, flagellum with 13 segments, first two flagellomeres fused or partly so; thorax with prescutum bearing three or four indistinct darker stripes, pleuron variegated with darker areas and pruinescence; legs yellowish brown; each femur with one or two brown bands; fore tibia with one, succeeding tibiae with two apical spurs; wing with characteristic brownish pattern, forming several circular markings in line, tips of all longitudinal veins, crossvein h, and supernumerary crossvein in cell c with brown spots; Rs long, distal part parallel with R 1; crossvein r-r situated about its length before tip of R 1; MA absent; cell d closed; cell m 1 present; m-cu at basal 1/6–1/2 of cell d; male genitalia with tergite 9 produced into pair of small lobes at posterior margin; outer gonostylus claw-shaped, tip sharply tapered and curved inward; inner gonostylus slightly longer than outer gonostylus, obtuse at tip, slightly curved inward; interbase prominent, rod extending posteriorly; female ovipositor with cercus shorter than tergite 10, curved upwards; hypogynial valve relatively short, subequal in length to sternite 8; sternite 8 with linear apodeme on lateral side.