Magnacarina, Jorge I. Mendoza, Arturo Locht, Radan Kaderka, Francisco medina & Fernando Pérez-Miles, 2016

Jorge I. Mendoza, Arturo Locht, Radan Kaderka, Francisco medina & Fernando Pérez-Miles, 2016, A new genus of Theraphosid spider from Mexico, with a particular palpal bulb structure (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae), European Journal of Taxonomy 232, pp. 1-28 : 4-7

Magnacarina gen. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B0477B69- 2908-44 AA-86A6-ACC8C37DCE74

Figs 1–16

Type species

Magnacarina aldana ( West, 2000) comb. nov.

Diagnosis

Magnacarina gen. nov. differs from all other known theraphosine genera, except Bonnetina , in having three apophyses on male tibia I and a retrolateral nodule on metatarsus I. Males differ from Bonnetina in having a bifid palpal bulb that possesses a primary and secondary projections.Additionally, Magnacarina gen. nov. differs in possessing a retrolateral nodule of metatarsus I with megaspines, whereas Bonnetina has a granular one. Females differ in possessing a very low semicircular spermatheca with a uterus externus that is longer and wider than the Bonnetina triangular, domiform or digitiform spermatheca. Magnacarina gen. nov. has the following character combination: bifid shape of male palpal bulb with one sperm pore. It has a primary projection, located in the central area of palpal bulb and directed retrolaterally. This projection possesses the prolateral superior and retrolateral keels. The prolateral superior keel is large, extending posteriorly to palpal bulb back face. Posterior extension of the prolateral superior keel may extend to the palpal bulb back face (as in M. aldana comb. nov.), close to border of back face (as in M. primaverensis Mendoza & Locht sp. nov.), or extend only until the middle portion of the palpal bulb prolateral face (as in M. cancer Mendoza & Locht sp. nov. and M. moderata Locht , Mendoza & Medina sp. nov.). Following the primary projection is a secondary projection (long or short), ending with the prolateral inferior and apical keels surrounding the sperm pore. The prolateral inferior keel is always the widest distally. The secondary projection may have prolateral accessory keels that are variable in size and number. Males have a nodule of prolaterally curled megaspines, located at the basal ventroretrolateral region of metatarsi I (except for M. moderata sp. nov.). Male tibiae I with three apophyses. The accessory apophysis well to slightly developed, with apical spines variable in size and number. Urticating setae of the type III arranged in one dorsomedian patch. Females with very low spermatheca and single semicircular receptacle. Uterus externus always longer and wider than spermatheca.

Remarks

Adult males of Magnacarina gen. nov. have a retrolateral nodule of megaspines, located in the retrolaterobasal region of metatarsus I (except M. moderata sp. nov.). This nodule is considered homologous to the granular one found in Bonnetina , so it is possible that these genera are closely related.

Etymology

The genus gender is feminine, comprising magnus, a Latin adjective meaning “very large” or “great”, and the Latin word carina, which means “keel”. Generic name refers to the very large primary projection in the male palpal bulb ( Figs 2 D, 6 D, 9 D, 14 D).

Distribution

Magnacarina gen. nov. is endemic to Mexico and only known from the states of Sinaloa, Nayarit and Jalisco. The genus inhabits the deciduous forest along the Pacific coast to the foothills of the Sierra Madre Occidental. Specimens collected during fieldwork were found under rocks, in shallow burrows or superficial scrapes covered with silk.

Figures

Fig. 1. Magnacarina aldana (West, 2000), ♂, paratype (LAAH). A. Carapace, dorsal view. B. Prosoma, ventral view. C. Opisthosoma, dorsal view. D. Ocular tubercle, dorsal view. E – J. Left side. E. Metatarsus I, Prolateral view. F. Palp tibia, dorsal view. G. Tibial apophyses, ventral view. H. Tibial apophyses, prolateral view. I. Tibial apophyses, retrolateral view. J. Retrolateral nodule with megaspines, retrolateral view. Scale bars: A – C = 2 mm; E, F = 1 mm; D, G – I = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 2. Magnacarina aldana (West, 2000), ♂, paratype (LAAH). Left palpal bulb. A. Retrolateral view. B. Prolateral view. C. Dorsal view. D. Apex, prolateral view. E. Apex, apical view. White arrow indicates sperm pore. Scale bars: A – C = 1 mm; D, E = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 3. Magnacarina aldana (West, 2000). A – E. ♀, paratype (LAAH). A. Carapace, dorsal view. B. Prosoma, ventral view. C. Opisthosoma, dorsal view. D. Ocular tubercle, dorsal view. E. Spermatheca, ventral view. F – H. Spermatheca ventral view. F. ♀, paratype (AMNH). G. ♀, paratype (LAAH). H. ♀ (CNAN-Ar 010276). Scale bars: A – C = 4 mm; E – H = 1 mm; D = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 4. Magnacarina aldana (West, 2000), habitus; ♀, in habitat (Nayarit) Photo: R. C. West.

Fig. 5. Magnacarina cancer Mendoza & Locht sp. nov., ♂, holotype (CNAN-T 0991). A. Carapace, dorsal view. B. Prosoma, ventral view. C. Opisthosoma, dorsal view. D. Ocular tubercle, dorsal view. E – J. Left side. E. Palp tibia, dorsal view. F. Metatarsus I, retrolateral view. G. Tibial apophyses, ventral view. H. Tibial apophyses, retrolateral view. I. Retrolateral nodule with megaspines, ventral view. J. Retrolateral nodule with megaspines, retrolateral view. Scale bars: A – C = 2 mm; E – H = 1 mm; D, I – J = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 6. Magnacarina cancer Mendoza & Locht sp. nov., ♂, holotype (CNAN-T 0991), left palpal bulb. A. Retrolateral view. B. Prolateral view. C. Dorsal view. D. Apex, prolateral view. E. Apex, apical view. White arrow indicates sperm pore. Scale bars: A – C = 1 mm; D – E = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 7. Magnacarina cancer Mendoza & Locht sp. nov., ♀, paratype (CNAN-T 0992). A. Carapace dorsal view. B. Prosoma, ventral view. C. Ocular tubercle, dorsal view. D. Spermatheca, ventral view. Scale bars: A – B = 2 mm; D = 1 mm; C = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 8. Magnacarina primaverensis Mendoza & Locht sp. nov., ♂, holotype (CNAN-T 0995). A. Carapace, dorsal view. B. Prosoma, ventral view. C. Opisthosoma, dorsal view. D. Ocular tubercle, dorsal view. E – I. Left side. E. Tibial apophyses, retrolateral view. F. Tibial apophyses, ventral view. G. Palpal tibia, dorsal view. H. Metatarsus I, prolateral view. I. Retrolateral nodule with megaspines, retrolateral view. Scale bars: A – C = 2 mm; E, G – H = 1 mm; D, F, I = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 9. Magnacarina primaverensis Mendoza & Locht sp. nov., ♂, holotype (CNAN-T 0995), right palpal bulb. A. Prolateral view. B. Retrolateral view. C. Dorsal view. D. Apex, dorsal view. E. Apex, apical view. White arrow indicates sperm pore. Scale bars: A – C = 1 mm; D – E = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 10. Magnacarina primaverensis Mendoza & Locht sp. nov., ♀, paratype (CNAN-T 0996). A. Carapace, dorsal view. B. Opisthosoma, dorsal view. C. Prosoma, ventral view. D. Ocular tubercle, dorsal view. E. Labial and maxillary cuspules, ventral view. F. Sternum, ventral view. Scale bars: A – C = 4 mm; E – F = 2 mm; D = 1 mm.

Fig. 11. Magnacarina primaverensis Mendoza & Locht sp. nov., spermatheca, ventral view. A. ♀, paratype (CNAN-T 0996). B. ♀, paratype (CNAN-T 0999). C. ♀, paratype (CNAN-T 1001). D. ♀, paratype (CNAN-T 1000). Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 12. Magnacarina primaverensis Mendoza & Locht sp. nov., habitus. A. ♂, holotype (CNAN-T 0995). B. ♀, paratype (CNAN-T 0996). C – D. Habitat burrow, white arrows indicates location of spiderlings. Photos: J. Mendoza (A, B); G. Vila (C, D).

Fig. 13. Magnacarina moderata Locht, Mendoza & Medina sp. nov., ♂, holotype (CNAN-T 1003). A. Carapace, dorsal view. B. Prosoma, ventral view. C. Opisthosoma, dorsal view. D. Ocular tubercle, dorsal view. Left side: E. Metatarsus I. Prolateral view. F. Palpal tibia, dorsal view. G. Tibial apophyses, ventral view. H. Tibial apophyses, retrolateral view. Scale bars: A – C = 2 mm; E – F = 1 mm; D, G – H = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 14. Magnacarina moderata Locht, Mendoza & Medina sp. nov., ♂, holotype (CNAN-T 1003), left palpal bulb. A. Prolateral view. B. Retrolateral view. C. Dorsal view. D. Apex, dorsal view. E. Apex, apical view. White arrow indicates sperm pore. Scale bars: A – C = 1 mm; D – E = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 15. Magnacarina moderata Locht, Mendoza & Medina sp. nov. A – E. ♀, paratype (CNAN-T 1004). A. Carapace, dorsal view. B. Prosoma, ventral view. C. Opisthosoma, dorsal view. D. Ocular tubercle, dorsal view. E. Spermatheca, ventral view. F. ♀, paratype (AMNH), spermatheca, ventral view. Scale bars: A – C = 2 mm; E – F = 1 mm; D = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 16. Distribution map identifying known records of Magnacarina gen. nov. species in Mexico: Jalisco, Nayarit and Sinaloa states. ■ = M. aldana (West, 2000); ▲ = M. primaverensis Mendoza & Locht sp. nov.; ♦ = M. cancer Mendoza & Locht sp. nov.; ● = M. moderata Locht, Mendoza & Medina sp. nov.