Plutofoenus chaeturus ( Schletterer 1890 ) Schletterer, 1890

Macedo, Antonio Carlos Cruz, 2009, Generic classification for the Gasteruptiinae (Hymenoptera: Gasteruptiidae) based on a cladistic analysis, with the description of two new Neotropical genera and the revalidation of Plutofoenus Kieffer, Zootaxa 2075, pp. 1-32 : 13-14

Plutofoenus chaeturus ( Schletterer 1890) n. comb.

(Figs. 3b, 11a–b, 12a, 13c, 15)

Gasteruption chaeturum Schletterer, 1890: 388 –389 (in key), 477–478 (description); Dalla Torre, 1902: 1065 (catalog); Kieffer, 1902: 7 (catalog); Kieffer, 1912: 238 (in key), 309 (redescription); Hedicke, 1939: 35 (catalog); De Santis, 1980: 297 (catalog).

Holotype. Female examined. Type locality: BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul: Alegrete, F. Sellow ( ZMHB). Labels: (1) Allegrette Sello (2) Type (3) 11601 (4) Zool. Mus Berlin (5) chaeturum Schlett , (6) chaeturum .

Diagnosis. Differs from P. paraguayensis by the longer ovipositor sheath (Fig. 3b) (3.0 times longer than metasoma in P. c h a e t u r u s, and 1.5 times in P. paraguayensis ). Differs from P. e d w a rd s i by the longer ovipositor sheath (Fig. 3b) (2.2 times longer than metasoma in P. edwardsi ), by the head as wide as long ( Fig. 11 a) (wider than long in P. e d w a rd s i), and by the pronotum with deep rugae ( Fig. 13 c) (with shallow rugae in P. e d w a rd s i).

Redescription. Female (holotype). Length: 18.8 mm; ovipositor sheath length 1.86X body length.

Head. Dark brown, with edges of eye red brown, rugulose to imbricate, almost as long as wide ( Fig. 11 a); head length 1.21X eye length; eye length 6.57X malar space; distance from posterior ocellus to occipital margin 2.14X distance between posterior ocelli; 1st flagellomere 0.93X as long as scape, 2.08X as long as pedicel, 0.95X as long as 2nd flagellomere; mandible medial tooth developed; clypeus and face with fine longitudinal striae; frontal carina well developed between antennae; posterior ocellus inserted at level of upper eye margin ( Fig. 11 a); occipital carina relatively narrow dorsally and wide laterally.

Mesosoma. Predominantly dark brown, with following portions red brown: posterior portions of lateral and ventral lobes of pronotum, near tegula, posterior portion of propleuron, and propodeal spiracle; fore leg with coxa, trochanter, femur and tibia dark brown, tibia with a white longitudinal stripe, 1st tarsomere yellow brown, remaining tarsomeres yellow brown to dark brown; middle and hind legs dark brown; mesosoma (excluding propleuron) 1.49X as long as high; propleuron 1.11X longer than its largest wide, 0.84X pronotum length; metacoxa 2.11X as long as wide; metatibia 4.35X as long as wide, 1.41X as long as femur, 3.32X as long as 1st tarsomere; propleuron rugulose dorsally and imbricate, with sparse punctations laterally; pronotal process distinct ( Fig. 13 c); pronotum with three lobes areolate rugose, area between lobes with a crenulate ridge; mesoscutum striate rugose ( Fig. 12 a); mesoscutellum rugose; mesepisternum areolate rugose; mesepimeron rugose; metapleuron micro areolate dorsally, ventral margin near middle coxa rugulose, remaining portion areolate rugose; propodeum areolate; fore wing vein r–m nebulous; hind wing with vein 2M+Cu pigmented; 6 hamuli.

Metasoma. Dark brown, imbricate, 2.58X as long as mesosoma; ovipositor sheath dark brown basally and subapically, remaining portions yellow brown, 3.07X as long as metasoma (Fig. 3b).

Male. Unknown.

Distribution. Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul).

Comments. Schletterer (1890) stated “ Brasilien (Alegreto in der Provinz S. Pedro). The “Province of São Pedro” is currently the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Labels do not present the collection date, but the holotype was probably collected in April 1826, when the naturalist Frederic Sellow, collector of the specimens, visited Alegrete in southern Brazil ( Papavero 1971).

Figures

FIGURE 11. Head in dorsal and lateral views. a – b: Plutofoenus chaeturus; c – d: P. e d w a rd s i; e – f: P. paraguayensis; g – h: Spinolafoenus ruficornis; i – j: Trilobitofoenus alvarengai; k – l: T. plaumanni; m – n: T. sericeus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets).

FIGURE 12. Mesonotum in dorsal view. a: Plutofoenus chaeturus; b: P. e d w a rd s i; c: P. paraguayensis; d: Spinolafoenus ruficornis; e: Trilobitofoenus alvarengai; f: T. plaumanni; g: T. sericeus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets).

FIGURE 13. Mesosoma in lateral view. a: Gasteruption bispinosum; b: G. guildingi; c: Plutofoenus chaeturus; d: P. edwardsi, e: P. paraguayensis; f: Spinolafoenus ruficornis; g: Trilobitofoenus alvarengai; h: T. plaumanni; i: T. sericeus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm. Lobes of pronotum: vl: ventral lobe; dl: dorsal lobe; ll: lateral lobe. Numbers indicate characters and respective synapomorphic states (within brackets).