Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1979

Moctezuma, Victor & Halffter, Gonzalo, 2021, Taxonomic revision of the Phanaeus endymion species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), with the descriptions of five new species, European Journal of Taxonomy 747, pp. 1-71 : 21-22

Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1979

Figs 1F , 15 , 18G , 19G

Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1978: 321 (nomen nudum).

Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1979: 99 , 102–105, figs 1–3, 6–8 (in part).

Phanaeus halffterorum – Halffter & Edmonds 1982: 88–89 (in part). — Anduaga & Halffter 1991: 157 (in part). — Delgado-Castillo et al. 1993: 125 (in part). — Deloya et al. 1993: 21, 39 (in part); 2014: 77 (in part). — Anduaga 2000: 125, 130 (in part). — López-Guerrero & Halffter 2000: 241 (in part). — Arnaud 2002b: 96 (in part). — Price 2005: 197 (in part); 2007: 17, figs 52–54. — Edmonds 2006: 31–32, 36, fig. 7 (in part). — Ceballos et al. 2009: 397. — Edmonds & Zídek 2012: 5 (in part). — Krajcik 2006: 150. — Moctezuma & Halffter 2017: 52 , 54–55, fig. 23 (in part). — Moctezuma et al. 2017: 113–115, 118–119, 122, 130–132, figs 1–5; 2019: 253, fig. 5. — Lizardo et al. 2017: 273, 275, 292, fig.13 (in part). — Kohlmann et al. 2018: 69 , 81, 88–89. — Gillett & Toussaint 2020: 2.

Phanaeus (Notiophanaeus) halffterorum – Edmonds 1994: 2, 8–9, 19, 39, 41, 43–44, 101, figs 211, 213, 217–218, 221 (in part); 2003: 61, 65 (in part). — Arnaud 2002b: 95 (in part). — Edmonds & Zídek 2012: 3, 12, figs 134–135, 137, 143–147 (in part). — Lizardo et al. 2017: 272 (in part). — Kohlmann et al. 2018: 80 . — Zaragoza-Caballero et al. 2019: 43.

Type material

Holotype (not studied)

MEXICO • ♂, Edmonds 1979: 99; State of Mexico, Temascaltepec ; CAS.

Paratypes revised (6 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀)

MEXICO – State of Mexico • 1 ♂; “ 5 km E Temascaltepec, Real de Arriba (2200 m), 10–VII–1976, fungus, oak-pine forest, W. D. Edmonds, P. Reyes, B. Kohlmann cols.”; IEXA • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; TAMU • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; VMC • 2 ♂♂; “ 8 km W Temascaltepec, 2360 m, 11–VII–76, fungus in pine-oak forest, W. D. Edmonds, P. Reyes, B. Kohlmann cols.”; TAMU • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; VMC • 1 ♂; “ Real de Arriba , VII–1932, 6300 ft, México D. F., Hinton coll., BM 1939–583 ”; TAMU .

Type locality

Mexico, State of Mexico, Temascaltepec.

Distribution

Central Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, State of Mexico and Morelos ( Fig. 15 ).

Remarks

Mean length 17.4 mm (13.4–19.9 mm). The specimens from Morelos ( Deloya et al. 1993) were not studied by us. This species was erroneously reported from Mexico City ( Arnaud 2002b). This mistake is attributed to Hinton (1935), who recorded it from Real de Arriba, Mexico D.F. Real de Arriba is actually located in the State of Mexico. Despite the fact that Moctezuma et al. (2017) split P. halffterorum and P. bravoensis , the colouration pattern of P. halffterorum remains as indicated by Edmonds (1979), with bright metallic green or dark metallic blue specimens. In a review of the immature dung beetles of Scarabaeinae ( Edmonds & Halffter 1978) , the name P. halffterorum Edmonds, 1978 was published. Nevertheless, this may be considered as a nomen nudum under Article 13 of the Code ( ICZN 1999). Consequently, the same name was available later for the same or a different concept under Arts 21, 50; while P. halffterorum Edmonds 1979 must be considered the available authorship and date.

To the original description of the male we add that the right lobe of the endophallite copulatrix is more developed than the left lobe; the right lobe ois btusely triangular; the left lobe is obtusely rectangular; the central ridge lis ess developed than the central column ( Fig. 1F ). For the female can be added that the trituberculate cephalic carina has conical, nearly aligned tubercles; the middle tubercle is more raised than the lateral tubercles; the pronotal process is trituberculate, with a posterior concavity; all the tubercles are rounded; the middle tubercle is slightly more developed and projected frontally than the lateral tubercles; the pronotal midline is distinctly impressed, with superficially impressed punctures; the pronotal surface is smooth, with almost effaced punctures.

Figures

Fig. 1. Endophallite copulatrix of the Phanaeus endymion species group (except for P. arletteae Arnaud, 2018). A. Phanaeus bravoensis Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta & Halffter, 2017 (IEXA). B. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. (TAMU). C. Phanaeus edmondsi Moctezuma, Deloya & Halffter, 2019 (IEXA). D. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863 (VMC). E. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). F. Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1979 (TAMU). G. Phanaeus huichol Moctezuma, Sánchez- Huerta & Halffter, 2017 (IEXA). H. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. (UVGC). I. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002 (VMC). J. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). K. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. (UVGC). L. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. (TAMU). M. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. (VMC). N. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887 (VMC).O. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. (TAMU).P. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006 (VMC). Q. Phanaeus zoque Moctezuma & Halffter, 2017 (IEXA).

Fig. 15. Distribution of the Phanaeus endymion species group in North and Central America (in part). Phanaeus bravoensis Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta & Halffter, 2017;P. edmondsi Moctezuma, Deloya & Halffter, 2019; P. halffterorum Edmonds, 1979; and P. huichol Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta & Halffter, 2017 by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta.

Fig. 18. Pronotum of females within the Phanaeus endymion species group. A. Phanaeus arletteae Arnaud, 2018 (modified from Arnaud 2018). B. Phanaeus bravoensis Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta & Halffter, 2017 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta).C. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. D. Phanaeus edmondsi Moctezuma, Deloya & Halffter, 2019 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta). E. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863. F. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. G. Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1979 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta).H. Phanaeus huichol Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta & Halffter, 2017 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta). I. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. J. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002. K. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. L. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. M. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. N. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. O. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887. P. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. Q. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006. R. Phanaeus zoque Moctezuma & Halffter, 2017.

Fig. 19. Elytral integument of species within the Phanaeus endymion species group. A. Phanaeus arletteae Arnaud, 2018 (modified from Arnaud 2018). B. Phanaeus bravoensis Moctezuma, Sánchez- Huerta & Halffter, 2017 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta). C. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. D. Phanaeus edmondsi Moctezuma, Deloya & Halffter, 2019 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta). E. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863. F. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. G. Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1979 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta). H. Phanaeus huichol Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta & Halffter, 2017 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta). I. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. J. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002.K. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. L. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. M. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. N. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. O. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887. P. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. Q. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006. R. Phanaeus zoque Moctezuma & Halffter, 2017.