Octavius, Fauvel, 1873

Janák, Jiří, 2024, On Octavius from Maloti-Drakensberg and Golden Gate National Parks, South Africa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Euaesthetinae), Zootaxa 5443 (4), pp. 495-522 : 521

Updated key to the Octavius species of South Africa with one ommatidium and pronotum much longer than broad

This key updates a part of the key published by Puthz (2006). Couplets 1–68 and 71–85 remains unchanged, couplets 86 and following were updated by Janák (2014).

69 (70) Pronotum much longer than broad (R> 1.1)

69a (69b) Parameres markedly longer than median lobe ( Fig. 7 in Puthz 2006).................... O. angusticollis Puthz, 2006

69b (69a) Parameres slightly shorter or at least about as long as median lobe.

69c (69d) Aedeagus with internal structure very long, awl shaped ( Figs. 110–111 )................. O. subulatus Janák , sp. nov.

69d (69c) Aedeagus with internal structure different.

69e (69f) Median part of aedeagus without internal structures, internal sac only with small dense scales ( Figs. 74–75 ).................................................................................. O. aureaportalis Janák , sp. nov.

69f (69e) Median part of aedeagus with distinct internal structures.

69g (69h) Aedeagus with internal tube and two “V” shaped structures ( Figs. 81–82 )................. O. gracilis Janák , sp. nov.

69h (69g) Aedeagus with different internal structures.

69i (69j) Median part of aedeagus with a pair of very long internal structures ( Figs. 95–96 ).... O. monachicucullus Janák sp. nov.

69j (69i) Aedeagus with different internal structures.

69k (69l) Aedeagus short and broad, about 3 times as long as broad, with a pair of elongate internal structures near the apex of median lobe ( Figs. 88–89 )...................................................... O. gxaligengwanus Janák , sp. nov.

69l (69k) Aedeagus long and narrow, at least 5 times as long as broad, with a pair of moderately long curved structures in apical two third and with a pair of elongate fields covered by wavy shaped small scales ( Figs. 116–117 )................................................................................................. O. undulatus Janák , sp. nov.

70 (69) Pronotum slightly longer than broad (R <1.1).

Figures

FIGURES 1–15. 1–10. Octavius adriani Janák: 1–3, 6, 9–10, Gxaligengwa Forest; 4–5, 7–8, Fort Nottingham, paratypes. 11–15. Octavius clarkei Janák, sp. nov., 11, 13–15, holotype, 12, paratype. 1, 11, habitus; 2–5, 12–13, aedeagus ventral; 6–8, apex of aedeagus ventral; 9, 14, male sternite VIII; 10, 15, male sternite IX. Scale 1 mm: 1, 11; scales 0.05 mm: 6–8; 0.1 mm: remaining figures. LI: lateral impression, TI: transverse impression, DI: dorsal impressions, LRP: lateral ridge on pronotum, LIR: lateral internal ridge, LOR: lateral external ridge.

FIGURES 99–112. 99–106: Octavius regius Janák, sp. nov.; 99–103, 105–106, holotype; 104, paratype. 107–112: Octavius subulatus Janák, sp. nov.; 107–110, 112–113, holotype; 111, paratype. 99, 107, habitus; 100, 108, fore parts; 101, 109, fore parts lateral; 102, detail of eye with omatidia; 103–104, 110–111, aedeagus ventral; 105, 112, male sternite VIII; 106, 113, male sternite IX. Scale 0.5 mm: 99, 107; scales 0.1 mm: 100–101, 108–109; 103–104; 110–111; 105–106, 112–113. LOR: lateral outer ridge, o: ommatidium.

FIGURES 71–84. 71–77: Octavius aureaportalis Janák, sp. nov.; 71–74, 76–77, holotype; 75, paratype. 78–84: Octavius gracilis Janák, sp. nov.: 78–81, 83–84, holotype; 82, paratype. 71,78, habitus; 72, 79, fore parts; 73, 80, fore parts lateral; 74–75, 81–82, aedeagus ventral; 76, 83, male sternite VIII; 77, 84, male sternite IX. Scale 0.5 mm: 71, 78; scales 0.1 mm: 72–73, 79–80; 74–75; 81–82; 76–77, 83–84, o – ommatidium.

FIGURES 85–98. 85–91: Octavius gxaligengwanus Janák, sp. nov.; 85–88, 90–91, holotype; 89, paratype. 92–98: Octavius monachicullus Janák, sp. nov.; 92–95, 97–98, holotype; 96, paratype, Injisuthi. 85, 92, habitus; 86, 93, fore parts; 87, 94, fore parts lateral; 88–89, 95–96, aedeagus ventral; 90, 97, male sternite VIII; 91, 98, male sternite IX. Scale 0.5 mm: 85, 92; scales 0.1 mm: 86–87, 93–94; 88–89, 95–96; 90–91, 97–98; o: ommatidium.

FIGURES 113–121. Octavius undulatus Janák, sp. nov.; 113–116, 118–119, holotype; 117, paratype. 113, habitus; 114, fore parts; 115, fore parts lateral; 116–117, aedeagus ventral; 118, male sternite VIII; 119, male sternite IX. Scale 0.5 mm: 113; scales 0.1 mm: 114–115; 116–117; 118–119; o: ommatidium. 120: Distribution of Octavius – subgroup A. 121: Distribution of Octavius – subgroup B.