Tylenchulus semipenetrans

Al-Azzazy, Mahmoud M. & Al-Rehiayani, Suloiman M., 2022, The soil mite Cunaxa capreolus (Acari: Cunaxidae) as a predator of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita and the citrus Nematode, Tylenchulus semipenetrans: Implications for biological control, Acarologia 62 (1), pp. 174-185 : 177

juveniles of T. semipenetrans and EM of M. incognita

Gravid females were transferred into rearing cells with a moistened brush with second-stage juveniles of M. incognita and allowed to lay eggs for one day and resultant eggs were then isolated for the different biological experiments. Eggs were placed singly on individual rearing cells, and the newly hatched larvae (50 for every test) were supplied with the food resource to be evaluated (one of the three preys). After the deutonymph stage, males were put with the females for mating. Males were then transferred into new arenas and individually reared until their death. Three experiments were designed to quantify the amount of predation of J 2 juveniles of M. incognita , of T. semipenetrans and EM of M. incognita . In the first experiment, 100 J 2 juveniles of M. incognita were added daily to each rearing cell. In the second experiment, 100 J 2 juveniles of T. semipenetrans were added daily to each rearing cell. In the third experiment, two M. incognita egg masses and drop of water were added daily to each rearing cell, and each rearing cell was sealed and put into an incubator at 32 ± 1°C, 60 ± 5% RH in darkness. Replacement of the prey was carried out daily and records of developmental rate, predation rate, reproduction and behavior observation were reported twice a day under a standard binocular microscope, and predators were transferred to new arenas every 2-3 days, to keep a constant prey supply. The eggs of mites and prey residue were removed daily from the rearing cells. The necessity of mating was determined by adding adult males to independent arenas with virgin females of various ages and scoring for subsequent production of eggs. The developmental time and survival to adult stage of the females used in the experiments of the progeny (N = 50)

of each female in each treatment were observed to calculate life-table parameters, following ( Hulting et al. 1990).

Statistical analysis

The life history data, the number of eggs deposited and number of preys consumed of all individuals by C. capreolus on three type of prey were analyzed according to Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and simple correlation using SAS program ( SAS Institute, 2005). Also,

the difference between means was conducted at the 5% level by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The life table parameters of the cunaxid mite, C. capreolus were calculated according to ( Hulting et al. 1990).