Sinamma yingae Tong & Li, 2022

Cheng, Weihua, Ren, Lingshu, Tong, Yanfeng, Bian, Dongju & Li, Shuqiang, 2022, Two new species of the spider genus Sinamma Lin & Li, 2014 (Araneae, Tetrablemmidae) from Guangdong Province, China, Zootaxa 5091 (3), pp. 443-454 : 449

Sinamma yingae Tong & Li , sp. nov.

Figs 3C, D , 5A–I , 6A–I , 7A–C , 8

Type material. Holotype: Male (SYNU-495), Xitou Forest Protection Station (24°55′15″N, 113°4′56″E; elevation 510 m), Nanling National Natural Reserve , Daqiao Town , Ruyuan Yao Autonomous County, Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province, China, 13 April 2021, W. Cheng, Y. Huang, K. Yang and T. Jiang leg. Paratype: 1 female (SYNU-496), same data as holotype .

Etymology. The species is named after Miss Ying Huang, one of the holotype collectors; noun in genitive case.

Diagnosis. Males of Sinamma yingae sp. nov. resemble Sinamma oxycera Lin & Li, 2014 in having the conical cheliceral horn, the strongly modified leg I and the pyriform-shaped palpal bulb and thread-like embolus. Females of the new species resemble S. oxycera by the eyes pattern and the well-developed inner vulval plate. Males of Sinamma yingae sp. nov. can be distinguished from Sinamma oxycera Lin & Li, 2014 and S. quadrata sp. nov. by lacking the pointed eye tubercle ( Fig. 5G, H ) (vs pointed eye tubercle in S. oxycera and S. quadrata ( Lin & Li 2014: fig. 1E, G; Fig. 1G, H )). Males of the new species also can be distinguished from S. quadrata sp. nov. by the pyriform-shaped palpal bulb and thread-like embolus ( Fig. 6A, B ) (vs quadrangular shaped palpal bulb and beltshaped embolus in S. quadrata ( Fig. 2A, B )). Females of the new species can be distinguished from S. oxycera Lin & Li, 2014 by lacking cephalic tubercles ( Fig. 5F, I ) (vs with a pair of cephalic tubercles in S. oxycera ( Lin & Li 2014: fig. 1F, H); from S. quadrata sp. nov. by having triangle-shaped inner vulval plate ( Fig. 7C ), flat posterior part of the sternum ( Fig. 5F ), and cephalic part slightly sloping, with the highest point of carapace at ocular area ( Fig. 5F ) (vs finger-shaped inner vulval plate ( Fig. 4C ), the posterior part of sternum strongly bulged ( Fig. 1E, F ) and the cephalic part slightly elevated, with the highest point of carapace at posterior 2/3 ( Fig. 1F ) in S. quadrata ).

Description. Male (holotype, SYNU-495). Coloration: body reddish-brown; legs yellowish brown. Measurements: total length 1.41; carapace 0.71 long, 0.55 wide, 0.42 high; abdomen 0.97 long, 0.74 wide, 0.56 high; clypeus 0.35 high; sternum 0.42 long, 0.42 wide. Length of legs: I 1.69 (0.65, 0.19, 0.36, 0.23, 0.26); II 1.58 (0.54, 0.17, 0.36, 0.25, 0.26); III 1.43 (0.44, 0.16, 0.33, 0.27, 0.23); IV 1.78 (0.56, 0.17, 0.47, 0.33, 0.25).

Carapace ( Fig. 5A, C, G, H ): reticulated, margin with small denticles; ocular area raised ( Fig. 5C, G, H ); clypeus very high, anterior margin rounded ( Fig. 5G, H ); cheliceral horn long, basally wide, with a small apophysis, distally crooked ( Fig. 5H ); sternum with sparse setae, reticulate ( Fig. 5B ). Legs ( Fig. 3C, D ): femur I swollen; tibiae I–III with 3 trichobothria, tibia IV with 4 trichobothria, and metatarsi I-IV with a trichobothrium; tibia I with two large distal tubercles (ldt); metatarsus I with one proximal (pt) and two distal tubercles (dt).

Abdomen ( Fig. 5A–C ): booklung covers oval, brown; dorsal scutum oval, finely reticulated; ventral scutum rugose; postgenital plate narrow, shorter in width to preanal plate.

Palp ( Fig. 6A–I ): femur smooth; patella approximately 2/3 femur in length, connected to tibia subbasally; bulb long, pyriform; embolus long, thread-like, curved slightly, strongly sclerotized; sperm duct extending, visible through the bulbal integument.

Female (paratype, SYNU-496). Coloration: same as in male.

Measurements: total length 1.41; carapace 0.65 long, 0.50 wide, 0.30 high; abdomen 0.91 long, 0.67 wide, 0.49 high; clypeus 0.19 high; sternum 0.38 long, 0.38 wide. Length of legs: I 1.40 (0.47, 0.16, 0.32, 0.22, 0.23); II 1.35 (0.44, 0.16, 0.30, 0.22, 0.23); III - (0.31, 0.15, 0.27, -, -); IV 1.64 (0.52, 0.16, 0.43, 0.30, 0.23).

Carapace ( Fig. 5D, F, I ): cephalic part slightly sloping, clypeus lower than in male; cheliceral horn absent. Legs as in male, except for leg I undecorated.

Abdomen ( Fig. 5E, F ): ventral episgastric scutum rugose; postgenital plate straight, wider than preanal plate; preanal plate rectangular-shape.

Genitalia ( Fig. 7A–C ): epigynal fold wide ( Fig. 7A ); vulval stem wide, strongly sclerotized; lateral horns slightly sclerotized, supporting the base of vulval ducts of spermathecae; inner vulval plate triangle-shaped, slightly sclerotized ( Fig. 7C ).

Distribution. Known only from the type locality ( Fig. 8 ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Sinamma quadrata sp. nov., holotype male (A–C, G, H), female paratype (D–F, I). A–F. Habitus (A, D. Dorsal view; B, E. Ventral view; C, F. Lateral view, arow shows the bulge); G, I. Prosoma, anterior views; H. Prosoma, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A–I).

FIGURE 2. Sinamma quadrata sp. nov., male holotype, light (A–C) and SEM (D–I). A–F. Left palp (A, D. Prolateral view; B, E. Retrolateral view; C, F. Dorsal view); G–I. Distal part of bulb (G. Prolateral view; H. Retrolateral view; I. Dorsal view). Scales: 0.1 mm (A–F); 0.05 mm (G–I).

FIGURE 3. Sinamma quadrata sp. nov., male holotype (A, B); Sinamma yingae sp. nov., male holotype (C, D). A, C. Left leg I, prolateral view; B, D. Left metatarsus I, dorsal view. Abbreviations: dt = distal tubercles; ldt = large distal tubercles; pt = proximal tubercle; svt = small ventral tubercle. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A–D).

FIGURE 4. Sinamma quadrata sp. nov., female paratype. A. Genital area, ventral view; B. Genital area, ventral view (cleared in lactic acid); C. Endogyne, dorsal view. Abbreviations: EF = epigynal fold; IVP = inner vulval plate; LH = lateral horn; PA = preanal plate; PEG = perigenital plate; POG = postgenital plate; SR = seminal receptaculum; VD = vulval duct; VS = vulval stem. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A–C).

FIGURE 5. Sinamma yingae sp. nov., holotype male (A–C, G, H), female paratype (D–F, I). A–F. Habitus (A, D. Dorsal view; B, E. Ventral view; C, F. Lateral view); G, I. Prosoma, anterior views; H. Prosoma, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A–I).

FIGURE 6. Sinamma yingae sp. nov., male holotype, light (A–C) and SEM (D–I). A–F. Left palp (A, D. Prolateral view; B, E. Retrolateral view; C, F. Dorsal view); G–I. Distal part of bulb (G. Prolateral view; H. Retrolateral view; I. Dorsal view). Scales: 0.1 mm (A–F); 0.05 mm (G–I).

FIGURE 7. Sinamma yingae sp. nov., female paratype. A. Genital area, ventral view; B. Genital area, ventral view (cleared in lactic acid); C. Endogyne, dorsal view. Abbreviations: EF = epigynal fold; IVP = inner vulval plate; LH = lateral horn; PA = preanal plate; PEG = perigenital plate; POG = postgenital plate; SR = seminal receptaculum; VD = vulval duct; VS = vulval stem. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A–C).

FIGURE 8. Map showing the currently known localities of Sinamma spp. Circle. Sinamma oxycera Lin & Li, 2014; Square. Sinamma quadrata sp. nov.; Triangle. Sinamma yingae sp. nov.