DORIPPID, H. Milne Edwards, 1837

Guinot, Danièle, 2023, A new subfamily classification of the highly diversified Dorippidae H. Milne Edwards, 1837 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Dorippoidea), using morphological, molecular and palaeotonlogical data, with special emphasis on its unique female reproductive system, Zoosystema 45 (9), pp. 225-372 : 326-327

KEY TO DORIPPID SUBFAMILIES BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OTHER THAN G1 AND VULVA

1. Surface of carapace more or less sculptured; cardiac region with a V- or Y-shaped median ridge. Long rim extending laterally along posterolateral margins and bordered medially by straight, narrow or even indistinct strip .... 2

— Surface of carapace weakly or not sculptured, without V- or Y-shaped median ridge. Long rim not extending laterally along posterolateral margins and bordered medially by distinct strip ............................................... 3

2. Carapace longer than wide, much sculptured; dorsal surface rough, uneven and with strong tubercules. Pleon of male with distinct teeth on somites 2-4. Base of P3 with distinct callosity. .................... Dorippinae n. stat.

— Carapace wider than long; dorsal surface only with some low elevations. Pleon of male without teeth. Base of P3 without callosity ................................................................................................ Medorippinae n. subfam.

3. Carapace weakly sculptured, with distinct epibranchial spine; dorsal surface only with granules and with raised tripartite ridge on swollen branchial region ....................................................... Phyllodorippinae n. subfam.

— Carapace with only two main grooves, without distinct epibranchial spine. ................................................. 4

4. P3 with a calcified band forming a simple callosity at its base. Dorsal surface rather smooth and even. ........... .............................................................................................................................. Dorippoidinae n. subfam.

— P3 without any callosity at its base. ............................................................................................................. 5

5. Front consisting of two closely spaced triangular median teeth separated by a narrow emargination; opening of exhalant channels visible dorsally. Carapace inflated; dorsal surface naked and finely granular......................... ........................................................................................................................ Philippidorippinae n. subfam.

— Front consisting of two triangular teeth separated by wide, shallow emargination. ........................................ 6

6. Carapace longer than wide; dorsal surface smooth and bare ( Heikeopsis , Neodorippe ) or with some anterior tubercles ( Nobilum ). Openings of exhalant channels not at all visible in dorsal view ( Neodorippe , Nobilum ) or scarcely visible ( Heikeopsis spp. ). Erect axial spine present medially on sternite 8 in females. A process on dorsal sternite 8 overhanging pleonal somite 2 in females (pleonal retention) ..................... Heikeopsinae n. subfam.

— Carapace wider than long; dorsal surface either completely smooth or completely or partially granulated. Opening of exhalant channels clearly visible in dorsal view between rostral teeth. No erect axial spine medially on sternite 8. No process on dorsal sternite 2 in females.............................................. Paradorippinae n. subfam.

KEY TO DORIPPID SUBFAMILIES BASED ON G1 AND VULVA

1. G1 short, stout, abruptly constricted in midpart, then regularly bent; second part swollen, elaborate with distinct bulbs bearing several apical processes. Vulva situated on a more or less marked prominent portion of sternite 6 or may be recessed; opening large or very large, rounded or crescent-shaped, visible on surface and less largely exposed ................................................................................................................. Paradorippinae n. subfam.

— G1 rather long, without swollen portion, not abruptly constricted. Vulva on prominences or on elevated portion of sternite 6; opening small, rounded or recessed as a slit ...................................................................... 2

2. G1 variously curved. Vulva on inner part of sternal prominence or situated on raised flanks of sterno-pleonal cavity ........................................................................................................................................................... 3

— G1 straight. Vulva on elevated portion of sternite 6 or on clearly delimited, globular prominence, at end of setose raised sternal ridge .............................................................................................................................. 4

3. G1 strongly curved midpart, C-shaped, ending in lobes, consisting either of three blunt petaloid lobes ( Nobilum ) or several slender, unequal subdistal and distal processes ( Heikeopsis , Neodorippe ). Vulva at inner part of sternal prominence, either elongate, suboval and not sunken or as vertically oriented, recessed curved slit ................. ................................................................................................................................ Heikeopsinae n. subfam.

— G1 regularly curved or S-shaped. Vulva situated on raised flanks of sterno-pleonal cavity ............................. 5

4. G1 straight, gradually tapering to single apex, with subdistal setae, and ending in tongue-shaped horny process. Vulva at summit of elevated portion of sternite 6; opening rather large, rounded, not recessed ....................... .......................................................................................................................................... Dorippinae n. stat.

— G1 straight, with distal triangular setose tip directed sideways. Vulva at outer margin of salient sternal prominence; opening very small, recessed ......................................................................... Medorippinae n. subfam.

— G1 straight, with a simple apical process, ending either in slender, long, spiral-shaped point ( D. facchino ) or in flattened, rectangular, horn-coloured projection, produced into narrow whip-like appendage ( D. nudipes ). Vulva on clearly delimited, globular prominence; opening relatively large, not recessed, near outer margin of prominence ........................................................................................................... Dorippoidinae n. subfam.

5. G1 with basal lobe; regularly curved, with tip ending in two auricular lobes. Vulva situated on obliquely directed flanks of sterno-pleonal cavity; opening not recessed, quite large, elongated, crescent-shaped ......................... ......................................................................................................................... Philippidorippinae n. subfam.

— G1 without basal lobe; basally twisted, thin, S-shapedly curved; second half horn-coloured, with rather large, inverted subdistal lobe and recurved distal tip. Vulva situated on raised flanks of sterno-pleonal cavity; opening narrow, slit-shaped ............................................................................................ Phyllodorippinae n. subfam.