Aplus zebus

Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard M., 2024, The Colubrariidae, Eosiphonidae, Melongenidae, Pisaniidae, Prodotiidae and Tudiclidae (Gastropoda, Buccinoidea) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea, Zootaxa 5427 (1), pp. 1-110 : 38-40

Aplus zebus ( De Gregorio, 1885 a)

Figs 15D , 20A–C

Murex plicatus Brocchi —von Buch 1830: 134 [non Aplus nilus ( De Gregorio, 1885 a)].

Murex plicatus — Hauer 1837: 418 [non Aplus nilus ( De Gregorio, 1885 a)].

Murex plicatus Brocc. —Hörnes 1853: 245, pl. 25, figs 9–10 [non Aplus nilus ( De Gregorio, 1885 a)].

* [ Murex (Aplus) plicatus (L.) Brocc.] zebus De Greg. — De Gregorio 1885 a: 281 [nov. nom. pro Murex plicatus sensu Hörnes 1853 : pl. 25, fig. 9].

[ Murex (Aplus) plicatus (L.) Brocc.] sbipus De Greg.— De Gregorio 1885 a: 281 [nov. nom. pro Murex plicatus sensu Hörnes 1853 : pl. 25, fig. 10].

Pollia exsculpta Dujardin —Hoernes & Auinger 1890: 241 [non Aplus exsculptus (Dujardin, 1937) ].

Pollia exsculpta (Duj.) — Boettger 1902: 34 [non Aplus exsculptus (Dujardin, 1937) ].

Pollia (Engina) exsculpta (Duj.) — Boettger 1906: 32 [non Aplus exsculptus (Dujardin, 1937) ].

Pollia exsculpta Duj. — Friedberg 1912: 183, pl. 11, figs 17–18 [non Aplus exsculptus (Dujardin, 1937) ].

Cantharus (Pollia) exculpta [sic] (Dujardin)— Csepreghy-Meznerics 1950: 50 [non Aplus exsculptus (Dujardin, 1937) ].

Cantharus (Pollia) exculpta [sic] (Duj.)— Csepreghy-Meznerics 1956: 434 [non Aplus exsculptus (Dujardin, 1937) ].

C [antharus]. (P [ollia]). exsculptus (Duj.) — Sieber 1958: 151 [non Aplus exsculptus (Dujardin, 1937) ].

Cantharus (Pollia) exsculptus ( Dujardin 1837) —Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 172, pl. 43, figs 13a–b [non Aplus exsculptus (Dujardin, 1937) ].

Cantharus (Pollia) exsculptus var. canaliculatus n. var. —Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 172, pl. 43, figs 14a–b.

Cantharus (Pollia) exsculptus Dujardin — Strausz 1962: 89, pl. 34, fig. 23, pl. 35, fig. 1 [non Aplus exsculptus (Dujardin, 1937) ].

Cantharus (Pollia) exsculptus (Duj.) — Kókay 1966: 58, pl. 8, fig. 10 [non Aplus exsculptus (Dujardin, 1937) ].

Cantharus (Pollia) exsculptus Dujardin, (1835) 1837— Strausz 1966a: 307, pl. 34, fig. 23, pl. 35, fig. 1 [non Aplus exsculptus (Dujardin, 1937) ].

Cantharus exsculptus Dujardin, 1837 — Zelinskaya et al. 1968: 191, pl. 45, figs 20, 21 [non Aplus exsculptus (Dujardin, 1937) ].

Cantharus (Pollia) exsculptus (Dujardin) — Krach 1981: 68, pl. 18, figs 9–12 [non Aplus exsculptus (Dujardin, 1937) ].

Cantharus (Pollia) exsculptus ( Dujardin, 1837) — Atanacković 1985: 149, pl. 33, figs 13–14 [non Aplus exsculptus (Dujardin, 1937) ].

Cantharus exsculptus ( Dujardin, 1837) — Bałuk 1995: 241, pl. 37, figs 1–2 [non Aplus exsculptus (Dujardin, 1937) ].

Aplus exsculptus ( Dujardin, 1837) — Kovács 2022: 88, figs 74–75 [non Aplus exsculptus (Dujardin, 1937) ].

Aplus exsculptus ( Dujardin, 1837) — Kovács & Vicián 2023: 250, figs 12A–B [non Aplus exsculptus (Dujardin, 1937) ].

non Cantharus (Pollia) exsculptus Dujardin , var.— Strausz 1966a: 308, pl. 34, figs 21–22 [= Aplus minutulus ( Bałuk, 1995) ].

Type material. Holotype: NHMW 1846 /0037/0220b, SL: 19.8 mm, MD: 11.1 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria), illustrated in Hörnes (1853: pl. 25, fig. 9), Figs 20A 1 –A 2 .

Illustrated material. NHMW 1846 /0037/0220c, SL: 20.9 mm , MD: 11.6 mm, Enzesfeld ( Austria), illustrated in Hörnes (1853: pl. 25, fig. 10), holotype of Murex (Aplus) plicatus sbipus De Gregorio 1885 , Figs 20B 1 –B 2 . NHMW 1846 /0037/0220d, SL: 20.6 mm , MD: 11.8 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria), Fig. 20C . NHMW 1855 /0045/0439, SL: 18.8 mm , MD: 9.9 mm, Gainfarn ( Austria), Fig. 15D .

Additional material. 16 spec., NHMW 2023 /0354/0001, Steinebrunn and Enzesfeld ( Austria) ; 5 spec., NHMW 1880 /0001/0102, Steinebrunn ( Austria) ; 2 spec., NHMW 1863 /0015/1279, Enzesfeld ( Austria) ; 6 spec., NHMW 1865 /0001/0941, Vienna / Pötzleinsdorf ( Austria) ; 4 spec., NHMW 1862 /0033/0024, Pöls ( Austria) ; 1 spec., NHMW 1851 /0013/0024, Bad Vöslau ( Austria) ; 1 spec., NHMW 1859 /0027/0140, Möllersdorf ( Austria) ; 4 spec., NHMW 1863 /0015/1121, Gainfarn ( Austria) ; 1 spec., NHMW 1858 /0045/0302, Forchtenau ( Austria) ; 2 spec., NHMW 1847 /0046/0025, Szob ( Hungary) ; 1 spec., NHMW 1853 /0038/0021, Korytnica ( Poland) ; 8 spec., NHMW 1854 /0035/0185, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) .

Revised description. Small, moderately broad, biconic shell of up to six teleoconch whorls; apical angle 55–58°. Protoconch low conical of 2.25 convex whorls; diameter: 700 μm, height: 700 μm. About three prominent axial ribs close to teleoconch boundary. Early teleoconch whorls with broad axial ribs (eight ribs on first teleoconch whorl), overrun by three prominent spiral cords strongly swollen over intersections; less swollen abapically. Periphery short distance above deeply incised suture. From third teleoconch whorl onwards three close-set spiral threads usually intercalated in spiral interspaces. One additional, more prominent secondary spiral at adapical suture. Suture deeply incised, undulating. Last whorl attaining ~70% of total height, moderately convex at periphery, weakly constricted at base, bearing about ten broad axial ribs over whorl and base, most prominent at periphery, overrun by ten primary spiral cords, weakly swollen over ribs, and three secondary spiral cords in interspaces; fasciole moderately prominent with strong spiral cords. Aperture elongate, moderately narrow. Columellar callus forming broad rim, sharply delimited from base. Columella strongly excavated in upper half, with three large, blunt denticles in abapical half. Anal canal U-shaped, deeply incised into broad alate adapical tip of aperture, accentuated by prominent parietal denticle and larger anal denticle. Outer lip thickened by terminal varix with crenulate margin and five prominent, elongate denticles placed some distance behind peristome. Siphonal canal moderately short, wide, deflected to the left. Color pattern of intense, irregular reddish stripes and flammulae ( Kovács & Vicián 2023: figs 12A–B).

Paratethyan synonyms. De Gregorio (1885b) established two names for specimens illustrated by Hörnes (1853) from the Vienna Basin: Murex (Aplus) plicatus zebus pro Murex plicatus sensu Hörnes (1853: pl. 25, fig. 9), from Steinebrunn ( Austria), and Murex (Aplus) plicatus sbipus pro Murex plicatus sensu Hörnes (1853: pl. 25, fig. 10) from Enzesfeld ( Austria). Both specimens are conspecific and as first revisers we give priority to Aplus zebus ( De Gregorio 1885 a). Both specimens are illustrated herein and stored in the NHMW.

Cantharus (Pollia) exsculptus canaliculatus Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov, 1960, from the Badenian of Târnene ( Bulgaria) is based on a specimen with prominent concavity on the last whorl between the first two primary spiral cords. Such morphotypes are not rare and fall within the variability Aplus zebus . We are not aware of the whereabouts of the type specimen.

Discussion. Aplus zebus ( De Gregorio 1885 a) was confused with Aplus exsculptus ( Dujardin, 1837) from the Langhian of the Loire Basin in France by all authors since Hoernes & Auinger (1890). As with many other Neogene species, the concept of the latter species was strongly shaped by the fact that most of the specimens illustrated as that species derived from Paratethyan Basins. However, specimens from the Loire Basin illustrated by Glibert (1952: pl. 8, fig. 12) and Lozouet (2021: pl. 41, fig. 10) differ clearly from Paratethyan specimens. Aplus exsculptus has more prominent tubercles and fewer secondary cords in the interspaces between the primary cords; its columella is less excavated and its last whorl is higher. Moreover, A. exsculptus has a bulbous protoconch of only 1.5 whorls ( Lozouet 2021: text-figs 6j–k).

Based on the new information on Aplus exsculptus and Aplus zebus , it becomes also evident that the specimens from the Serravallian of the Karaman Basin ( Turkey), identified by Landau et al. (2013) as Anna exsculpta , represent a third species, which is described herein as Aplus anatolicus nov. sp. (see below).

Paleoenvironment. Coastal marine, inner neritic; the occurrences at Gainfarn and Steinebrunn suggest the vicinity of sea grass (Zuschin et al. 2007; own data).

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (Middle Miocene): Polish-Ukrainian Fore-Carpathian Basin: Dryszczów, Hołdy, Ternopil, Zhukivtsi (= Żukowice), Zboriv (= Zborów), ( Ukraine) ( Friedberg 1912; Eichwald 1853); Korytnica Basin: Korytnica ( Poland) ( Bałuk 1995); North Alpine-Carpathian Foreland Basin: Grund ( Austria) (Hoernes & Auinger 1890); Vienna Basin: Baden, Bad Vöslau, Enzesfeld, Gainfarn, Möllersdorf, Niederleis, Pfaffstätten, Pötzleinsdorf, Steinebrunn ( Austria) (Hoernes & Auinger 1890); Eisenstadt-Sopron Basin: Forchtenau ( Austria)(Hoernes &Auinger 1890); Styrian Basin: Pöls ( Austria) (Hoernes &Auinger 1890); Pannonian Basin: Szob, Herend, Hidas, Letkés ( Hungary) ( Kókay 1966; Strausz 1966a; Kovács & Vicián 2023); Southern Pannonian Basin: Hrvaćani ( Bosnia and Herzegovina) ( Atanacković 1985); Făget Basin: CoŞteiu de Sus, Lăpugiu de Sus, NemeŞeŞti ( Romania) ( Boettger 1906; Kovács 2022); Dacian Basin: Târnene ( Bulgaria) (Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Measurements for shell morphology; AA: apical angle, SL: shell length, MD: maximum diameter, LWH: last whorl height, AH: aperture height, AL: aperture length, AW: aperture width.

FIGURE 2. Colubraria subobscura (Hoernes & Auinger, 1884). A1–A3. NHMW 1854/0035/0170, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). B1–B2. NHMW 1859/0037/0018a, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). C1–C3. NHMW 1865/0001/0183, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). D1–D2. NHMW 1859/0037/0018b, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). E1–E3. NHMW 1874/0025/0021, lectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). F1–F2. NHMW 2023/0338/0001, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania).

FIGURE 15. Protoconchs of Paratethyan Pisaniidae, Prodotiidae and Tudiclidae. A. Aplus moravicus (Hoernes & Auinger, 1890), NHMW 1862/0029/0034, lectotype, Rudice u Blanska (Czech Republic). B. Aplus subpusillus (Hoernes & Auinger, 1890), NHMW 1866/0001/1066, paralectotype, Forchtenau (Austria). C. Aplus transsylvanicus (Hoernes & Auinger, 1890), NHMW 1873/0026/0019b, lectotype. D. Aplus zebus (De Gregorio, 1885a), NHMW 1855/0045/0439, Gainfarn (Austria). E. Aplus anatolicus nov. sp. RGM 784 005, paratype, Seyithasan (Turkey). F. Hilda transsylvanica (Hoernes & Auinger, 1884), NHMW 1876/0011/0023a, lectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania).G. Janiopsis vindobonensis nov. sp., NHMW 1850/0009/0002, holotype, Baden (Austria). H. Monostiolum hungaricum (Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1954), NHMW 1868/0001/0094, Steinebrunn (Austria). I. Dianthiphos klaudiae (Kovács & Vicián, 2023), NHMW1846/0037/0144a, Steinebrunn (Austria). J. Euthria obelixi nov. sp., NHMW 1865/0015/0060, holotype, Lysice (Czech Republic). K. Tethyspollia mariae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1890), NHMW 1868/0001/0441, paralectotype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania).

FIGURE 20. Aplus zebus (De Gregorio, 1885a). A1–A2. NHMW 1846/0037/0220b, holotype, Steinebrunn (Austria). B1–B2. NHMW 1846/0037/0220c, Enzesfeld (Austria). C. NHMW 1846/0037/0220d, Steinebrunn (Austria).