Simothraulopsis sinuosus, Lima, 2018

Lima, Lucas R. C., 2018, New species of Simothraulopsis Demoulin, 1966 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Northeastern Region of Brazil, Zootaxa 4461 (2), pp. 253-260 : 254-258

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4461.2.6
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:971F46F0-4E9A-4638-9430-30B911BFD339
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5952350
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CFA620-927E-D927-FF42-F8906CFAFADC
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Simothraulopsis sinuosus
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Simothraulopsis sinuosus sp. nov.

( Figs. 2A–B View FIGURE 2 ; 3A–C View FIGURE 3 ; 4A–B View FIGURE 4 )

Diagnosis. Male imago: 1) general coloration: thorax and abdomen dark brown, sterna light brown ( Fig. 2A–B View FIGURE 2 ); 2) hind wing with costal projection forming a right angle, located approximately 1/2 distance from base to apex of wing ( Figs. 3B–C View FIGURE 3 ); 3) abdominal terga II–VII with medio-basal translucent yellow angles ( Figs. 2A–B View FIGURE 2 ); 4) penis projection spine-like, sinuous, median size (approximately half of the total length of penis lobes), slightly laterally directed ( Figs. 4A–B View FIGURE 4 ); 5) penis lobes fused on basal half, with a shallow concavity in the junction of the lobes ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ).

Male imago. Length: body: 5.6–5.8 mm; forewing: 5.5 mm; hind wing: 0.3 mm.

Head. Dorsal region dark brown, with black marks; ventral region brown. Upper portion of compound eyes reddish brown, lower portion black ( Fig. 2A View FIGURE 2 ). Scape and pedicel of antenna brown, flagellum whitish brown.

Thorax. Pronotum dark brown, margins black; with a submedial black stripe. Mesonotum dark brown; longitudinal medial, anterolateral scutal, lateroparapsidal and medioparapsidal sutures light brown; posterior scutal protuberance, scuto-scutellar impression and scutellum black. Pleura brown washed with dark brown; membranous area yellowish. Metanotum dark brown ( Fig. 2A View FIGURE 2 ). Sterna light brown, sutures darker. Wings membrane hyaline. Forewing with longitudinal veins whitish yellow and cross veins translucent; costal brace and base of veins C, Sc and anal section dark brown; fork of vein MP slightly symmetric ( Fig. 3A View FIGURE 3 ). Hind wing with costal projection developed, forming a right angle, located approximately 1/2 distance from base to apex of wing ( Figs. 3B–C View FIGURE 3 ); longitudinal and cross veins yellowish brown, except basal part of costal and subcostal vein; costal region translucent, posterior part of lower portion of hind wing tinged with brown ( Figs. 3C View FIGURE 3 ). Coxae and trochanters yellowish, washed with gray. Leg. I: femur yellowish brown with a blackish line on posterior margin; tibia with a blackish basal band, remainder whitish; tarsi whitish. Legs II and III similar to leg I.

Abdomen. Terga orangish brown, anterior margins lighter ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ). Terga I, VIII– IX completely brown; terga II–VII with anterior region and lateral margin yellowish; tergum X yellowish with a black spot medially ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ). Sterna light brown. Genitalia ( Figs. 4A View FIGURE 4 ). Styliger plate yellowish brown. Forceps segment I darkish brown, segments II and III lighter. Segment II 0.13 length of segment I, 1.4 length of segment III. Penis lobes whitish, fused on basal 1/3; almost pointed apically, separated by a distance either greater than width of one penis lobe, with a spine-like, sinuous, median size (approximately half of the total length of penis lobes) projection, slightly laterally directed; inner margins of lobes divergent, with a medial shallow concavity between them ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ). Caudal filaments whitish, except basal region brown and apical margin of each segment black.

Etymology. From the Latin word sinuōsus , sinuous. In reference to the shape of spine-like projections of penis lobes.

Material examined. Holotype: male imago (dissected and mounted in slide), Brazil, Piauí State, Batalha municipality, Cachoeira do Urubu waterfall, S 3°54'47.88"; W 42°6'47.7", 80m, 17/iv/2017, Lima LRC, Moreno LAS cols. ( UFVB). Paratypes: 3I ♂ (two male imagos in UFVB; one male imago in MZUESC), same data of holotype (preserved in alcohol).

Comments. Simothraulopsis sinuosus sp. nov. has a color pattern very similar to that of S. diamantinensis Mariano, 2010 , and additionally, the inner margins of penis lobes are equally divergent, with each lobe almost pointed apically. However, it is clearly distinguished from S. diamantinensis and others species of the genus by the presence of a peculiar sinuous median size penis projection, while in other Simothraulopsis species the spines are straight and sometimes a little curved. Besides, the new species has a medial shallow concavity between the penis lobes.