Relichna venustula (A. Adams, 1862 )

Valdés, Ángel, 2008, Deep-sea “ cephalaspidean ” heterobranchs (Gastropoda) from the tropical southwest Pacific, Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 196, pp. 587-792 : 755-759

Relichna venustula (A. Adams, 1862)

Figs 84A, B, 85A, 86C, 87

Cylichna venustula A. Adams, 1862: 151 .

Synonym:

Eocylichna soyae Habe, 1954: 310 , pl. 38, figs 15-16.

TYPE MATERIAL. — C. venustula : not examined. — E. soyae : not examined.

TYPE LOCALITY. — C. venustula: Mino-Sima [= Mishima], Japan, 115 m . — E. soyae: Tosa Bay, southern Shikoku , Japan .

MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Indonesia. KARUBAR: stn DW 14 , Kai Norfolk Ridge. BIOCAL: stn DW 08 , 20°34’S, 166°54’E, 435 m, Islands, 05°18’S, 132°38’E, 245-246 m, 2 dd; stn DW 15 , 05°17’S, 5 dd; stn DW 64 , 24°48’S, 168°09’E, 250 m, 1 dd; stn DW 66 , 132°41’E, 212-221 m, 29 dd; stn DW 18 , 05°18’S, 133°01’E, 24°55’S, 168°22’E, 505-515 m, 1 dd (Figs 84A, B) . — BIOGEO- 205-212 m,> 50 dd; stn DW 22 , 05°22’S, 133°01’E, 85-124 m, CAL: stn KG 252, 21°31’S, 166°21’E, 330 m, 1 dd; stn DW 253 , 16 dd; stn DW 24 , 05°32’S, 132°51’E, 243- 230 m, 3 dd; stn DW 21°32’S, 166°29’E, 310-315 m, 5 dd .— BERYX 11 : stn DW 18 , 28 , 05°31’S, 132°54’E, 448-467 m, 4 dd; stn DW 29 , 05°36’S, 24°48’S, 168°09’E, 250-270 m, 1 dd; stn CP 21, 24°44’S, 168°07’E, 132°56’E, 181-184 m, 4 dd; stn DW 32 , 05°47’S, 132°51’E, 170- 430- 450 m, 1 dd . — SMIB 8 : stn DW 146-147 , Banc Eponge , Mont 206 m, 5 dd; stn DW 44 , 07°52’S, 132°48’E, 291-295 m, 1 dd. B, 24°55’S, 168°22’E, 508-532 m, 8 dd; stn DW 148 , 24°56’S, Coral Sea. CHALCAL: stn D 14, Plateau Chesterfield-Bellona, 168°21’E, 510 m, 1 dd; stn DW 157 , Banc Kaimon-Maru, 24 °46’S, 19°26’90S, 158°34’41E, 246 m, 2 dd . — MUSORSTOM 5: stn 349, 168°08’E, 251-255 m, 1 lv, destroyed to dissect (Figs 85A, 86C).

Chesterfield Islands, 19°34’S, 158°34’E, 275 m, 2 dd; stn 353, Vanuatu. MUSORSTOM 8: stn DW 979, 19°22’S, 169°23’E, 250 19°27’S, 158°40’E, 290 m, 6 dd. m, 1 dd; stn DW 1038, 16°49’S, 168°30’E, 469-472 m, 1 dd; stn North of New Caledonia. MUSORSTOM 4: stn DW 149, 19°08’S, DW 1045, 16°54’S, 168°20’E, 459-488 m, 2 dd; stn DW 1065, 163°23’E, 155 m, 4 dd; stn DW 150, 19°07’S, 163°22’E, 110 m, 16°16’S, 167°21’E, 360-419 m, 1 dd.

1 dd; stn DW 151 , 19°07’S, 163°22’E, 200 m, 7 dd; stn CC 174 , Fiji. MUSORSTOM 10: stn CP 1323, Bligh Water , 17°16’S, 19°00’S, 163°18’E, 365 m, 1 dd; stn CC 175 , 18°59’S, 163°17’E, 177°46’E, 143-173 m, 1 dd; stn CP 1363, S of Viti Levu, 18°12’S, 355 m, 6 dd . — BATHUS 4 : stn DW 902 , Grand Passage , 19°01’S, 178°33’E, 144-150 m, 1 dd; stn DW 1365 , 18°13’S, 178°32’E, 163°15’E, 341-351 m, 3 dd; stn DW 903 , 19°00’S, 163°14’E, 386- 295-302 m, 21 dd; stn CP 1369, 18°11’S, 178°23’E, 392-433 m, 400 m, 1 dd; stn DW 943 , Passe d’Amos, 20°12’S, 164°31’E, 316- 1 dd; stn DW 1377 , 18°18’S, 178°02’E, 233-248 m, 4 dd; stn DW 347 m, 1 dd. 1384, 18°19’S, 178°06’E, 260-305 m, 6 dd; stn DW 1388 , 18°19’S, New Caledonia proper. VAUBAN: stn 40, 22°30’S, 166°24’E, 178°02’E, 313-446 m, 2 dd . — SUVA 2: stn BS 10, Viti Levu South 250-350 m, 7 dd . — BIOCAL: stn DW 77 , 22°15’S, 167°15’E, 440 Lagoon, 18°12’S, 178°30’E, 123 m, 1 dd . — BORDAU 1 : stn DW m, 3 dd . — MUSORSTOM 4: stn DW 226 , 22°47’S, 167°22’E, 1421, 17°08’S, 178°59’W, 403-406 m, 1 dd; stn DW 1422 , 17°08’S, 390 m, 7 dd; stn CC 246 , 22°08’S, 167°11’E, 410-420 m, 3 dd; 178°59’W, 360-371 m, 1 dd; stn DW 1423 , 17°08’S, 178°59’W, stn CC 247 , 22°09’S, 167°13’E, 435-460 m, 1 dd; stn CC 248, 402-410 m, 1 dd; stn DW 1425 , 17°17’S, 179°01’W, 400-416 m, 1 22°09’S, 167°10’E, 380-385 m, 1 dd . — SMIB 2 : stn DW 23 , dd; stn DW 1426 , 17°15’S, 179°02’W, 330-367 m, 1 dd; stn DW 22°31’S, 167°37’E, 410-420 m, 1 dd . — BATHUS 1 : stn DW 654 , 1439 , 17°11’S, 178°44’W, 173-180 m, 1 dd; stn DW 1440 , 17°11’S, Passe de Canala , 21°17’S, 165°57’E, 237-298 m, 49 dd; stn DW 178°43’W, 190-308 m, 5 dd; stn DW 1463 , 18°10’S, 178°44’W, 683, Passe de Hienghu , 20°35’S, 165°07’E, 380-400 m, 5 dd; 300-400 m, 4 dd; stn DW 1464 , 18°09’S, 178°38’W, 285-300 m, stn DW 687 , 20°35’S, 165°07’E, 408-440 m, 4 dd; stn DW 688 , 41 dd; stn DW 1465 , 18°09’S, 178°39’W, 290-300 m, 8 dd; stn 20°33’S, 165°00’E, 270-282 m, 5 dd; stn DE 700, Passe de Cap CP 1468, 18°16’S, 178°41’W, 478-500 m, 2 dd; stn DW 1469 , Baye, 20°57’S, 165°35’E, 160-222 m, 35 dd; stn DW 706 , Passe 19°40’S, 178°10’W, 314-377 m, 5 dd; stn DW 1494 , 18°55’S, S.E. de Ngoe, 21°42’S, 166°34’E, 247-252 m, 56 dd . — BATHUS 2 : 178°29’W, 240-319 m, 37 dd; stn DW 1498 , 18°41’S, 178°28’W, stn DW 717 , Iles des Pins , 22°44’S, 167°17’E, 350-393 m, 41 dd; 300-307 m, 14 dd; stn C P1506, 18°09’S, 178°37’W, 294-300 m, stn DW 724 , 22°48’S, 167°26’E, 344-358 m, 11 dd; stn DW 731 , 16 dd; stn CP 1507, 18°09’S, 178°38’W, 294-300 m, 2 dd .

Passe de Kouaré , 22°49’S, 166°45’E, 300-370 m, 1 dd; stn DW Wallis and Futuna. MUSORSTOM 7: stn DW 507 , Futuna Is- 749, Passe de Boulari, 22°33’S, 166°26’E, 233-258 m, 1 dd . — BA- land, 14°20’S, 178°07’W, 419-425 m, 1 dd; stn DW 509 , 14°15’S, THUS 3 : stn DW 838 , 23°01’S, 166°56’E, 400-402 m, 1 dd. 178°11’W, 200-240 m, 1 dd; stn DW 512 , 14°13’S, 178°10’W ,

FIG. 84. Shell morphology of species of Relichna Rudman, 1971 . A, Relichna venustula (A. Adams, 1862) , (11 mm), ventral view, New Caledonia, BIOCAL stn DW 66; B, same shell, posterior view. C, Relichna hadra n. sp., holotype MNHN 20398 (11 mm), ventral view, New Caledonia, SMIB 3 stn DW 3; D, same shell, posterior view. E, Relichna sumatrana (Thiele, 1925) , (17 mm), ventral view, New Caledonia, BATHUS 1 stn CP 660; F, same shell, posterior view; G, (5.5 mm), ventral view, Tonga, BORDAU 2 stn DW 1553; H, (7.5 mm), ventral view, Tonga, same locality; I, (14 mm), ventral view, Tonga, same locality.

FIG. 85. Gizzard plates and shell morphology of species of Relichna Rudman, 1971 . A, gizzard plates of Relichna venustula (A. Adams, 1862) , New Caledonia, SMIB 8 stn DW 157, scale bar = 300 Μm. B, gizzard plates of Relichna hadra n. sp., paratype (MNHN 20403, New Caledonia, BIOCAL stn DW 70,scale bar = 500 Μm. C, gizzard plates of Relichna sumatrana (Thiele,1925) , New Caledonia,BIOGEOCAL stn CP 232,scale bar = 500 Μm. D, Relichna truncatula (Schepman,1913) , (6 mm), ventral view, Fiji, MUSORSTOM 10 stn DW 1334; E, same shell, posterior view.

210-245 m, 3 dd; stn DW 586, Wallis Island, 13°11’S, 176°13’W, 20°38’S, 175°00’W, 500 m, 1 dd; stn DW 1552, 20°38’S, 510-600 m, 1 dd; stn DW 601, 13°19’S, 176°17’W, 350 m, 84 174°58’W, 491-500 m, 1 dd; stn DW 1559, N of Kotu Islands; dd; stn DW 604, 13°21’S, 176°08’W, 415-420 m, 13 dd; stn DW 19°53’S, 174°37’W, 339-345 m, 1 dd; stn DW 1567, NW of 605, 13°21’S, 176°08’W, 335-340 m, 1 dd; stn DW 608, 13°22’S, Tongatapu, 21°02’S, 175°19’W, 351-356 m, 12 dd; stn DW 176°08’W, 440-458 m, 1 dd; stn DW 625, Banc Bayonnaise, 1569, 21°02’S, 175°19’W, 433 m, 2 dd; stn DW 1571, N of 11°52’S, 179°34’W, 425-430 m, 1 dd. Ha’apai Islands, 19°42’S, 174°32’W, 389-418 m, 2 dd; stn DW Tonga. BORDAU 2: stn DW 1509, Tongatapu, 21°05’S, 1587, Vava‘u Islands, 18°37’S, 173°54’W, 309-400 m, 6 dd; stn 175°22’W, 456-510 m, 12 dd; stn DW 1531, Eua, 21°12’S, DW 1601, centre of Ha‘apai Islands, 20°50’S, 174°57’W, 200- 174°56’W, 970-983 m, 2 dd; stn DW 1535, 21°43’S, 175°18’W, 487 m, 4 dd; stn DW 1602, 20°49’S, 174°57’W, 263-320 m, 2 268 m, 1 dd; stn DW 1543, SW of Tongatapu, 21°16’S, dd; stn DW 1614, Seamount, 23°02’S, 175°51’W, 429-549 m, 1 175°18’W, 427-436 m, 8 dd; stn DW 1548, S of Nomuka Is- dd; stn DW 1615, 23°03’S, 175°53’W, 482-504 m, 2 dd.

lands, 20°38’S, 175°03’W, 476-478 m, 1 dd; stn DW 1549,

DISTRIBUTION. — Known from Japan to the Philippines, in 50-450 m (Hori 2000b). Records herein from the Coral Sea, Fiji, Indonesia, New Caledonia, Tonga, Vanuatu and Wallis and Futuna (Fig. 87), in 110-970 m, live in 251-255 m.

Anatomy. The digestive system contains 3 smooth, unequal gizzard plates (Fig. 85A). There is no radula.

The reproductive system is monaulic (Fig. 86C). The ampulla is short and curved. It connects to the short and wide post-ampullary duct. The seminal receptacle enters the post-ampullary duct, which immediately opens distally into the common general atrium. The bursa copulatrix also enters the common atrium. From the gonopore an open seminal groove runs anteriorly to the protrusible cephalic penis and the prostate. The prostate is elongate. There is a short ejaculatory duct. A spermatic bulb has not been found.

REMARKS. — A. Adams (1862) introduced Cylichna venustula based on shells collected from Japan in 115 m. The species was characterized as cylindrical with a perforated apex and numerous fine striations. Later, Habe (1954) described Eocylichna soyae , also from Japan, with the same features as Cylichna venustula . Hori (2000b) regarded these names as synonyms and placed this species in the genus Eocylichna .

The material here examined matches the original description of Cylichna venustula and subsequent redescription by Hori (2000b). However, anatomical examination revealed that it should be referred to Relichna because of the absence of a radula and the presence of 3 smooth and unequal gizzard plates.

FIG. 87. Collection localities of species of Relichna venustula (A. Adams, 1862) in the southwest Pacific.