Trochilodectes willisi Hernandes & Pedroso

Hernandes, Fabio Akashi, Pedroso, Luiz Gustavo A. & Oniki-Willis, Yoshika, 2016, Five new feather mites of the subfamily Pterodectinae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines and hummingbirds (Aves) of Brazil, Zootaxa 4161 (3), pp. 301-328 : 316-319

Trochilodectes willisi Hernandes & Pedroso sp. nov.

( Figs. 10–12 , 16 D, 17D)

Type material. Holotype male, paratypes 33 males and 19 females ex Phaethornis eurynome (Lesson, 1832) ( Apodiformes : Trochilidae ), BRAZIL, São Paulo State, Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho , 24°05'S 47°59'W, 0 7 July 1979, Y. Oniki-Willis and E.O. Willis cols. (#Y-53).

Type deposition: Holotype male at DZUnesp-RC (#3669); paratypes at DZUnesp-RC (#3670– 3699), ZISP, UMMZ, USNM, and DZSJRP.

Male. (holotype, range for 8 paratypes in parentheses). Idiosoma, length × width, 254 (248–264) × 133 (128– 138). Prodorsal shield: entire, lateral margins slightly concave at level of scapular setae, posterior margin slightly concave with posterior angles acute, length 82 (77–87), width 101 (95–107), surface smooth ( Fig. 10 A); bases of scapular setae se separated by 50 (45–51). Setae ve present, rudimentary. Scapular shields narrow, moderately developed dorsally. Humeral shields present, with antero-lateral angles bearing setae c2. Setae cp situated ventrally on humeral shield. Subhumeral setae c3 lanceolate, 23 (18–21) × 4 (4–6). Hysteronotal shield: greatest length 156 (153–163), width at anterior margin 86 (75–85), anterior margin concave, surface smooth. Distance between prodorsal and hysteronotal shields 16 (13–23). Opisthosomal lobes small, approximately as long as wide at base; posterior margins of lobes roughly rounded. Terminal cleft shaped as an inverted U, 17 (14–17) long. Supranal concavity semicircular. Setae f2 at same level as setae ps2. Setae h1 situated at level of supranal concavity. Setae h3 thin leaf-like, 21 (18–31) long, 3 (4–5) wide; setae ps2 41 (45–75) long; setae ps1 filiform, about 5 long, situated on margin of terminal cleft approximately at level of setae h2. Distances between dorsal setae: c1: d2 55 (53–58), d2:h1 78 (67–81), h2: h2 31 (28–34), h3: h3 18 (16–22).

Epimerites I fused into a narrow V, posterior tips connected with epimerites II by wide oblique bands ( Fig. 10 B). Coxal fields I, II without extensively sclerotized areas. Rudimentary sclerites rEpIIa present, small, close to tips of epimerites III. Coxal fields I closed, II–IV closed. Epimerites IVa bearing 4a and connected anterior to genital apparatus. Genital arch 26 (24–28) in width; aedeagus 45 (41–49) long from anterior bend to tip, extending to midlevel between setae g and ps3. Genital papillae not connected at bases. Genital shields absent; adanal shield represented by a pair of thin, oblique sclerites between the levels of setae g and ps3. Adanal suckers 11 (9–12) in diameter, distance between centers of discs 19 (18–23), corolla smooth, surrounding membrane with short radial striae. Opisthoventral shields occupying lateral areas of opisthosoma and entire lobes ventrally; inner margins of these shields anterior to level of anal suckers with angular extensions bearing setae ps3. Setae 4b situated approximately at same level as setae 3a. Distance between ventral setae: 1a: 4b 73 (72–79), 4b: 4a 23 (21–26), 4a: g 24 (23–28), g: ps3 35 (33–35), ps3: ps3 35 (36–40).

Femora I, II with small basal crests ( Fig. 12 A,B), other segments of legs I–IV without processes. Solenidion σ1 of genu I 22 (18–26) long, situated at midlevel of segment; solenidion σ of genu III inserted at basal half of segment. Genual setae cG I, II and mG I, II filiform. Seta d of tarsi II slightly longer than corresponding seta f; seta d of tarsi III three times shorter than corresponding seta f ( Fig. 12 C). Solenidion φ of tibia IV extending to midlevel of ambulacral disc. Tarsus IV 23 (22–27) long, with small claw-like apical process; setae d and e button-like, seta d situated at midlevel of segment ( Fig. 12 D).

Female (range for 8 paratypes). Idiosoma, length × width, 376–412 × 162–176. Prodorsal shield: posterior margins with two shallow concavities, length × width, 99–104 × 127–136, surface smooth, bases of setae se separated by 69–76 ( Fig. 11 A). Setae ve present, rudimentary. Scapular shields narrow, poorly developed dorsally. Humeral shields present, with antero-lateral angles bearing setae c2. Setae cp situated ventrally on humeral shield. Subhumeral setae c3 lanceolate, 21–25 × 5–7. Anterior and lobar parts of hysteronotal shield separated, with narrow band of integument between those shields ( Fig. 11 A). Distance between prodorsal and anterior hysteronotal shields 22–36. Anterior hysteronotal shield roughly rectangular, anterior margin slightly concave, greatest length 178–197, width at anterior margin 102–114, surface smooth. Length of lobar region 72–88, greatest width 87–102.

Terminal cleft narrow, 43–56 long. Supranal concavity present; lobar shield surface without ornamentation. Setae h1 piliform, at same level as supranal concavity. Setae h2 lanceolate with round apex, 49–59 × 7–8. Setae ps1 situated near inner margins of opisthosomal lobes, approximately equidistant between h3 and h2. Setae h 3 19–30 long. Distances between dorsal setae: c1: d2 89–104, d2: h1 109–121, h2: h2 69–79, h3: h3 35–48.

Epimerites I fused as an inverted π ( Fig. 11 B). Coxal fields I–II, IV open. Epimerites IVa present. Translobar apodemes of opisthosomal lobes present, thin, fused to each other anterior to terminal cleft. Epigynum horseshoe shaped, greatest width 71–84; apodemes of ovipore separated from epimerites IIIa. Primary spermaduct with slight enlargement near head of spermatheca; secondary spermaducts 13–21 long ( Fig. 12 G). Pseudanal setae filiform, setae ps2 situated at level of posterior half of anal opening; distance between pseudanal setae: ps2: ps2 51–62, ps3: ps 3 19–26, ps2: ps 3 11–19.

Femora II with ventral crest, other segments of legs I, II without processes. Solenidion σ1 of genu I, 24–39 long, situated at midlevel of segment. Solenidion σ of genu III inserted basally. Genual setae cG I, II, mG I, II as in male. Seta d of tarsi I, II slightly shorter than corresponding seta f, setae d of tarsi III, IV 3–4 times shorter than corresponding setae f. Genu IV not inflated.

Differential diagnosis. Trochilodectes willisi sp. nov. resembles T. brevicaulus Černý, 1974 and T. ramphodonis Park & Atyeo, 1974 in having the aedeagus reaching the midlevel between setae g and ps3. In T.

brevipenis Hernandes, 2013 it reaches only the level of setae g, in T. trochilidarum ( Trouessart, 1885) it extends to the level of ps3, and in all the remaining species the aedeagus is much longer and always extends beyond the level of setae ps3 ( Park & Atyeo 1974). The new species is distinguished from the two closest species, T. brevicaulus and T. ramphodonis , in having a pair of thin, oblique adanal shields between setae g and ps 3 in males. These sclerites are absent in T. brevicaulus and T. ramphodonis , and also in T. bicuspidus , T. latifoliatus , and T. ramphodonis , albeit present in five other species of the genus ( T. abbreviatus , T. alloptinus , T. buconvexus , T. mucronatus , T. tenuifolia ). It also is distinguished from T. brevicaulus in having much shorter setae h 3 in males, approximately equal to the width of each opisthosomal lobe. In T. brevicaulus setae h3 are about twice as long as each lobe’s width.

Females of Trochilodectes willisi are distinguished from those of T. brevicaulus in having the length and greatest width of lobar shield (at level of h2) subequal, setae h1 situated posterior to the level of setae f2, and the anterior hysteronotal shield without any ornamentation. In females of T. brevicaulus , the lobar shield is 1.3–1.4 times wider than long, setae h1 are anterior to the level of setae f2, and the posterior part of anterior hysteronotal shield is ornamented with several circular lacunae. Females of the new species differ from T. ramphodonis in having the bases of setae f2 situated on the very margin of lobar shield, and a narrower terminal cleft with the length exceeding about 6 times the width at level of setae ps1. In females of T. ramphodonis , the bases of setae f2 are moved mesal from the lateral margins of lobar shield, and the terminal cleft is 3–4 times the width at level of ps1.

Etymology. The species is named in memory of the late professor Edwin O’Neill Willis (1935–2015), who has greatly contributed to the improvement and understanding of ornithology in Brazil ( Ragusa-Netto 2015).

Figures

FIGURE 10. Trochilodectes willisi sp. n., male. A—dorsal view, B—ventral view.

FIGURE 11. Trochilodectes willisi sp. n., female. A—dorsal view, B—ventral view.

FIGURE 12. Trochilodectes willisi sp. n.. A – D—male legs I – IV, respectively; E—female tarsus III; F—female tarsus IV; Gspermatheca.

FIGURE 16. Dorsal view of female lobar region: A— Amerodectes longifuscus sp. n.; B— Amerodectes vireonis sp. n.; C— Tyrannidectes synallaxis sp. n.; D— Trochilodectes willisi sp. n.; E— Xynonodectes phaethornis sp. n.