Xynonodectes phaethornis Hernandes & Pedroso

Hernandes, Fabio Akashi, Pedroso, Luiz Gustavo A. & Oniki-Willis, Yoshika, 2016, Five new feather mites of the subfamily Pterodectinae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Proctophyllodidae) from passerines and hummingbirds (Aves) of Brazil, Zootaxa 4161 (3), pp. 301-328 : 320-323

Xynonodectes phaethornis Hernandes & Pedroso sp. nov.

( Figs. 13–15 , 16 E, 17E)

Type material. Holotype male, paratypes 4 males and 10 females ex Phaethornis pretrei (Lesson & Delattre, 1839) ( Apodiformes : Trochilidae ), BRAZIL, Minas Gerais State, Parque do Rio Doce , 19°42'23"S 42°34'33"W, 26 July 1977, Y. Oniki-Willis and E.O. Willis cols. (#Y-36) ; 1 female, same host species, BRAZIL, São Paulo State, Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho , 24°05'S 47°59'W, 0 7 July 1979, Y. Oniki-Willis and E.O. Willis cols. (#Y-53).

Type deposition: Holotype male at DZUnesp-RC (#3700); paratypes at DZUnesp-RC (#3701– 3709), ZISP, UMMZ, USNM, and DZSJRP.

Male. (holotype, range for 4 paratypes in parentheses). Idiosoma, length × width, 323 (307–312) × 138 (97– 132). Prodorsal shield: entire, with two narrow and deep incisions on antero-lateral margins extending to each setae se, posterior margin sinuous, posterior angles acute, length 101 (91–103), width 93 (90–95), surface with distinct medial patch of darker sclerotization longitudinally ( Fig. 13 A); bases of scapular setae se separated by 58 (55–59). Setae ve present, rudimentary. Scapular shields moderately developed dorsally, with two anterior projections. Humeral shields split into two longitudinal pieces, setae c2 situated on striated integument near anterior end of inner piece. Setae cp and c3 situated on ventral pieces of humeral shield. Subhumeral setae c3 lanceolate, 29 (23– 28) × 5 (5–5). Hysteronotal shield: greatest length 215 (200–207), width at anterior margin 98 (94–102), anterior margin concave, lateral margins sinuous, surface smooth, darker on lateral margins. Distance between prodorsal and hysteronotal shields 6 (6–15). Opisthosomal lobes approximately as long as wide at base; posterior margins of each lobe with three short extensions bearing bases of setae h2, h3 and ps1 ( Fig.13 A, B). Terminal cleft shaped as an inverted V, 28 (26–34) long. Supranal concavity indistinct. Setae f2 inserted at same level as setae ps2. Setae h1 situated slightly anterior to setae e2. Setae h3 whip-like, 116 (112–159) long; setae ps2 49 (38–514) long; setae ps1 filiform, about 5 long, situated on margin of terminal cleft approximately at level of setae h3. Distances between dorsal setae: c2: d2 75 (77–81), d2: h1 90 (75–81), h2: h2 57 (54–59), h3: h3 39 (33–36).

Epimerites I fused into a Y, sternum occupying about 1/2 of epimerites, anterior arms concave ( Fig. 13 B). Coxal fields I, II without extensively sclerotized areas. Rudimentary sclerites rEpIIa absent. Coxal fields I–IV open. Coxal fields IV without sclerotized areas at bases of trochanters IV. Epimerites IVa present. Genital arch 13 (14– 22) in width; aedeagus 44 (36–42) long from anterior bend to tip, not reaching anterior margins of anal opening. Genital papillae not connected at bases. Genital and adanal shields absent. Adanal suckers 12 (11–12) in diameter, distance between centers of discs 25 (20–27), corolla indented, surrounding membrane without radial striae. Opisthoventral shields not expressed ventrally; setae ps3 situated on integument posterolateral to adanal suckers. Setae 4b situated posterior to level of setae 3a. Distance between ventral setae: 1a: 4b 96 (94–102), 4b: 4a 28 (23– 32), 4a: g 40 (29–41), g: ps3 47 (42–47), ps3: ps3 38 (41–44).

Femora I, II without crests, femora III, IV with small paraxial crest ( Fig. 15 C–D), other segments of legs I–IV without processes. Solenidion σ1 of genu I 28 (28–38) long, situated at midlevel of segment; solenidion σ of genu III inserted at midlevel of segment. Genual setae cG I, II and mG I, II filiform. Seta d of tarsi II slightly longer than corresponding seta f; seta d of tarsi III three times shorter than corresponding seta f ( Fig. 15 C). Solenidion φ of tibia IV extending to midlevel of ambulacral disc. Tarsus IV 33 (28–32) long, with small claw-like apical process; setae d and e vestigial, only alveolus visible, seta d situated at distal half of segment, posterior to seta w ( Fig. 15 D).

Female (range for 8 paratypes). Idiosoma, length × width, 428–454 × 167–188. Prodorsal shield: anterolateral angles acute, lateral entire, posterior margins sinuous, length × width, 111–119 × 130–142, surface smooth, bases of setae se separated by 81–89 ( Fig. 14 A). Setae ve present, rudimentary. Scapular shields moderately developed dorsally. Humeral shields present, split into two pieces, setae c2 inserted on tegument between these pieces. Setae cp and c3 situated on ventral parts of humeral shield. Subhumeral setae c3 lanceolate, 28–31 × 5–8. Anterior and lobar parts of hysteronotal shield separated by narrow groove, without band of striated tegument between them ( Fig. 14 A). Distance between prodorsal and anterior hysteronotal shields 11–30. Anterior hysteronotal shield roughly rectangular, anterior margin slightly concave, greatest length 212–226, width at anterior margin 126–142, surface smooth, darker on lateral margins. Length of lobar region 87–97, greatest width 91–103. Terminal cleft as an inverted V with sinuous lateral margins, 46–51 long. Supranal concavity present; lobar shield surface without ornamentation. Setae h1 piliform, anterior to level of supranal concavity. Setae h2 whip-like, 134–190 × 6–8. Setae ps1 situated at inner margins of opisthosomal lobes, slightly closer to h3 than to h2. Setae h 3 17–27 long. Distances between dorsal setae: c1: d2 86–98, d2: h1 134–151, h2: h2 76–86, h3: h3 55–76.

Epimerites I free ( Fig. 14 B). Coxal fields I–IV open. Epimerites IVa present. Translobar apodemes of opisthosomal lobes present, thin, fused to each other anterior to terminal cleft. Epigynum with anterior and lateral margins straight, greatest width 57–76; apodemes of ovipore free from epimerites IIIa. Primary spermaduct enlarged near the head of spermatheca; secondary spermaducts 10–12 long ( Fig. 15 G). Pseudanal setae filiform, setae ps2 situated at level of posterior half of anal opening; distance between pseudanal setae: ps2: ps2 46–61, ps3: ps 3 25–38, ps2: ps 3 18–23.

Femora I with small ventral crest, other segments of legs I, II without processes. Solenidion σ1 of genu I, 41– 56 long, situated at midlevel of segment. Solenidion σ of genu III inserted basally. Genual setae cG I, II, mG I, II as in male. Seta d of tarsi I, II slightly shorter than corresponding seta f, setae d of tarsi III, IV 3–4 times shorter than corresponding setae f ( Figs. 15 E, F). Genu IV not inflated.

Differential diagnosis. Xynonodectes phaethornis sp. nov. is most similar to X. glaucalis Park & Atyeo, 1975 in having setae h1, in males, inserted at the midline of the opisthosomal lobes (rather than on their inner margins as in X. gracilior ( Trouessart, 1885) , and by the shape of opisthosomal lobes, with the terminal cleft well-spaced (and not narrow with inner margins of lobes almost touching, as in X. serratus ). The new species can be distinguished from X. glaucalis by the following features: in males, the adanal shields are absent, the aedeagus does not reach the level of the anterior end of anal opening; in females, epimerites I are free, and the supranal concavity is situated posterior to the level of setae h1 and is almost continuous with the terminal cleft. In males of X. glaucalis , a pair of adanal shields is present anterior to the adanal suckers, the aedeagus reaches the level of the adanal suckers; in females, the supranal concavity is situated approximately at the same level as setae h1, clearly detached from the terminal cleft.

Etymology. The specific name is taken from the generic name of the host and is a noun in apposition.

Figures

FIGURE 13. Xynonodectes phaethornis sp. n., male. A—dorsal view, B—ventral view.

FIGURE 14. Xynonodectes phaethornis sp. n., female. A—dorsal view, B—ventral view.

FIGURE 15. Xynonodectes phaethornis sp. n. A – D—male legs I – IV, respectively; E—female tarsus III; F—female tarsus IV; G—female spermatheca.

FIGURE 16. Dorsal view of female lobar region: A— Amerodectes longifuscus sp. n.; B— Amerodectes vireonis sp. n.; C— Tyrannidectes synallaxis sp. n.; D— Trochilodectes willisi sp. n.; E— Xynonodectes phaethornis sp. n.