Houghia Reared
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.3858.1.1 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D1CCF02B-4314-4537-A64F-0372715E3F93 |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5695599 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D087FF-B701-8F1C-FF1A-FA73FA4DFB17 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Houghia Reared |
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Key to Males of Houghia Reared View in CoL View at ENA from Caterpillars in ACG, Northwestern Costa Rica
1 Sex patches (areas of shorter, denser, appressed hairs, often referred to as sex patches or Sturmia View in CoL spots, present only in males) lacking, undersides of tergites 4 and 5 tomentose as on dorsal surfaces; vein R1 setose along its entire length dorsally....... 2
- Sex patches present ( Fig. 10 View FIGURE 10 ); if in doubt undersurface of tergite 4 differing in appearance from dorsal surface; vein R1 bare dorsally............................................................................................. 5
2 Scape and upper third or more of first flagellomere pale orange; first flagellomere slightly to strongly curved or sinuous ( Figs. 35 View FIGURE 35 c, 36c), its length surpassing lower facial margin by more than length of pedicel; dark stripes on scutum distinct ( Figs. 35 View FIGURE 35 a, 36a)................................................................................................ 3
- Antenna entirely black except for slightly paler base of first flagellomere; first flagellomere straight, its length barely surpassing lower facial margin; dark scutal stripes indistinct ( Figs. 25 View FIGURE 25 a, 32a)............................................. 4
3 Bases of femora orange, contrasting with dark apices of femora, tibiae and tarsi; first flagellomere distinctly S-shaped, the lower curve parallelling strongly curved facial ridge ( Fig. 36 View FIGURE 36 c).................................. ochrofemur View in CoL sp. nov.
- Legs entirely black; first flagellomere merely slightly bowed anteriorly (only one male available)...... nigrofemur View in CoL sp. nov.
4 Lateral margins of frontal vitta yellowish tomentose, leaving only a narrow dark median line ( Fig. 32 View FIGURE 32 b) and appearing to connect ocellar triangle to pale golden fronto-orbital plates.......................................... macilenta View in CoL sp. nov.
- Frontal vitta wider, entirely brown, separating ocellar triangle from grayish fronto-orbital plates........ griseifrons View in CoL sp. nov.
5 Sex patches present on black integument on tergites 3 as well as on tergites 4 and 5; palpus dark gray to black................................................................................................. sexmaculata View in CoL sp. nov.
- Sex patches present on tergite 4, and usually also on tergite 5, but if apparently also on tergite 3 (as in H. gracilis View in CoL ( Fig. 10 View FIGURE 10 a) and H. graciloides View in CoL ) then integument on ventral surface reddish; palpus pale........................................... 6
6 Pedicel and upper part of first flagellomere pale orange....................................................... 7
- Pedicel and first flagellomere entirely dark................................................................. 8
7 Facial ridge with row of fine white hairs on at least lower half, easily overlooked and best viewed in profile against a dark background; postgena posterior to postoccipital fringe, with a small patch of black setae............... fimbriata View in CoL sp. nov.
- Facial ridge bare except for the usual few supravibrissal setae; postgena posterior to postoccipital fringe lacking black setae.......................................................................................... pallida View in CoL sp. nov.
8 Eye conspicuously haired, each hair at least as long as width of three or more ommatidia together; setae of anterodorsal quadrant of anepisternum increasing in length anteriorly but lacking row of 3 or 4 distinctly larger setae..................... 9
- Eye bare or apparently so except at higher magnification, hairs if present, shorter than width of two ommatidia; setae of anterodorsal quadrant of anepisternum short except for row of 3 or 4 distinctly longer and thicker setae..................... 11
9 Parafacial and fronto-orbital plate entirely golden tomentose...................................... aurifera View in CoL sp. nov.
- Parafacial silvery, contrasting with gold of vertex........................................................... 10
10 Posterior dark bands of abdominal tergites 2–5 grayish-brown tomentose, indistinctly differentiated from paler tomentum of remaining anterior portion of tergites; fronto-orbital plate gold pollinose only to level of anterior proclinate fronto-orbital seta..................................................................................... brevipilosa View in CoL sp. nov.
- Posterior bands of abdominal tergites black, clearly differentiated from paler anterior portions of tergites; fronto-orbital plate gold tomentose to base of antenna......................................................... longipilosa View in CoL sp. nov.
11 Scutum with 3 pairs of postsutural dorsocentral setae, with a gap between the first seta and the next (suggesting a missing seta)................................................................................................... 12
- Scutum with 4 pairs of postsutural dorsocentral setae, more or less equally spaced................................. 18
12 Tergite 5 yellowish tomentose ventrally, lacking any trace of sex patch, contrasting with well developed patch on tergite 4 ( Fig. 10 View FIGURE 10 c).................................................................................... omissa View in CoL sp. nov.
- Tergite 5 with sex patch, similar to, although smaller than, patch on tergite 4, on black integument.................... 13
13 Scutum with longitudinal dark stripes on either side of dorsocentral row of setae connected to one another by dark brown tomentosity, creating the appearance of a single wide stripe on each side; integument of abdominal tergite 3 more reddish laterally than adjacent tergites.............................................................................. 14
- Scutum with 4 (2 pairs of) narrow longitudinal dark stripes separated from each other by golden tomentosity concolorous with rest of scutum; abdominal tergite 3 concolorous with adjacent tergites........................................... 15
14 Fronto-orbital plate gold tomentose from vertex to antennal bases; ocellar setae arising behind anterior ocellus; colour of brown tomentosity surrounding dorsocentral setae nearly as dark as longitudinal stripes................. bivittata View in CoL sp. nov.
- Fronto-orbital plate silvery tomentose except for a tinge of gold extending from vertex to anterior proclinate fronto-orbital seta; ocellar setae arising slightly in front of anterior ocellus; colour of brown tomentosity surrounding dorsocentral setae paler than longitudinal stripes................................................................... biseriata View in CoL sp. nov.
15 Inner and outer dark longitudinal stripes on each side of scutum converging posteriorly to coalesce at level of second last postsutural dorsocentral seta, thus enclosing, or nearly enclosing, seta with darker tomentosity............... confinis View in CoL sp. nov.
- Inner and outer dark stripes remaining separate posteriorly separated by yellow tomentum concolorous with rest of scutum...................................................................................................... 16
16 Ocellar triangle, observed from above, sharply pointed anteriorly, the point extending to level of upper fronto-orbital seta; gold tomentosity of fronto-orbital plate extending forward only to same level; first flagellomere extending to lower facial margin...................................................................................... triangularis View in CoL sp. nov.
- Ocellar triangle rounded, truncate, or notched anteriorly (point concolorous with vitta hence scarcely distinguishable), extending forward only to level of upper reclinate frontal seta; gold tomentosity of fronto-orbital plate extending forward to or nearly to level of upper fronto-orbital seta; first flagellomere shorter................................................. 17
17 Height of apical portion (fused part to apex) of cerci three times height of dorsal notch, enclosing anus ( Fig. 19 View FIGURE 19 d); surstylus dagger-shaped, pointed apically ( Fig. 19 View FIGURE 19 e)..................................................... crypta Townsend View in CoL
- Height of fused portion of cerci less than twice height of dorsal notch (Fig, 21d); surstylus bluntly rounded apically............................................................................................... destituta View in CoL sp. nov.
18 Ground colour of ventral surface of abdominal tergites 1 to 4 yellow or orange, somewhat translucent.................. 19
- Ground colour of ventral surface of abdomen entirely black, usually obscured by paler tomentosity.................... 23
19 Katepisternal setae 2.................................................................... luteiventris View in CoL sp. nov.
- Katepisternal setae 3.................................................................................. 20
20 Sex patches on tergites 3, 4, and 5 consisting of shorter more appressed hairs than elsewhere on abdomen, but these hairs sparse and indistinct because of reddish background; ocellar setae arising behind anterior ocellus..................... 21
- Sex patches confined to tergites 4 and 5; ocellar setae arising beside anterior ocellus............................... 22
21 Eye apparently bare........................................................................ gracilis View in CoL sp. nov.
- Eye with minute obscure hairs............................................................ graciloides View in CoL sp. nov.
22 Fronto-orbital plate mostly silvery, with pale golden tomentosity, and area of small hairs, extending from vertex only to level of anterior fronto-orbital seta............................................................. delospilota View in CoL sp. nov.
- Fronto-orbital plate entirely golden tomentose and more extensively haired, extending from vertex to lower margin of pedicel.............................................................................. pilosifrons View in CoL sp. nov. (in part)
23 Fronto-orbital plate entirely gold tomentose................................................................ 24
- Gold tomentosity of fronto-orbital plate restricted to vertex................................................... 25
24 Parafacial silver tomentose, changing abruptly at level of antenna to gold.......................... pilosifrons View in CoL (in part)
- Parafacial pale yellow tomentose gradually changing at level of antenna to darker brassy yellow on fronto-orbital plate............................................................................................... aerata View in CoL sp. nov.
25 Height of gena one-tenth height of head in lateral view....................................................... 26
- Height of gena one-twelfth or less height of head........................................................... 29
26 Depth of V-shaped dorsal notch of cerci in posterior view one quarter or less height of entire cerci ( Figs. 30 View FIGURE 30 d, 28d); lateral scutal stripe converging to meet medial stripe at its posterior end ( Figs. 30 View FIGURE 30 a, 28a).................................. 27
- Depth of V-shaped notch one third or more height of cerci ( Figs. 27 View FIGURE 27 d, 45d); both pairs of scutal stripes separated along their entire lengths ( Figs. 27 View FIGURE 27 a, 45a)........................................................................... 28
27 Dorsal lobe of syncerus in posterior view almost as broad as high, bluntly rounded dorsally, depth of V-shaped dorsal notch one quarter height of cerci ( Fig. 28 View FIGURE 28 d); apices of cerci splayed apart apically........................... latilobus View in CoL sp. nov.
- Dorsal lobe of cerci more pointed and attenuated dorsally; depth of V-shaped notch less than one quarter (about 1/4.5) height of cerci ( Fig. 30 View FIGURE 30 d); apices of cerci straight and parallel........................................ longicercus View in CoL sp. nov.
28 Cerci in posterior view slightly constricted at midlength ( Fig. 27 View FIGURE 27 d); posteroventral quadrant of anepimeron sparsely short haired.................................................................................. latigena View in CoL sp. nov.
- Cerci in posterior view tapering evenly to apex ( Fig. 45 View FIGURE 45 d); posteroventral quadrant of anepimeron more densely long haired......................................................................................... velutina View in CoL sp. nov.
29 Width of frontal vitta one-tenth width of broad shiny silvery fronto-orbital plate....................... parmata View in CoL sp. nov.
- Width of frontal vitta greater than one-tenth of fronto-orbital plate.............................................. 30
30 Gold tomentosity of fronto-orbital plate confined to vertex, not extending forward farther than upper fronto-orbital setae... 31
- Gold tomentosity extending at least to lower fronto-orbital setae and often to the antennal bases...................... 34
31 First flagellomere extending to lower facial margin.......................................................... 32
- First flagellomere terminating above lower facial margin by about half length of pedicel............................ 33
32 Surstylus distinctly longer than cerci ( Figs. 26 View FIGURE 26 d, e), its apex surpassing that of apex of cerci by more than the width of the sur- stylus; [palpus of female swollen apically].................................................. inflatipalpis View in CoL sp. nov.
- Surstylus barely longer than cerci ( Figs. 33 View FIGURE 33 , d, e); [palpus of female as in all other species (except H. luteipennis ), only slightly enlarged apically]......................................................................... marini View in CoL sp. nov.
33 Gold tomentosity of fronto-orbital plate restricted to upper margin, not extending forward beyond upper reclinate orbital seta and apex of ocellar triangle.................................................................. blancoi View in CoL sp. nov.
- Gold tomentosity more extensive, extending to upper fronto-orbital seta............................ romeroae View in CoL sp. nov.
34 Surstylus long, straight, and parallel-sided in lateral view ( Fig. 43 View FIGURE 43 e); apical processes of sternite 5 elongate, slender, and directed medially ( Fig. 43 View FIGURE 43 f)............................................................... spathulata View in CoL sp. nov.
- Surstylus in lateral view obovate, widened moderately at mid-length; apical processes of sternite 5 shorter, thicker and directed posteriorly ( Figs. 17 View FIGURE 17 f, and 34f).......................................................................... 35
35 Posterior margin of surstylus rounded in lateral view ( Fig. 17 View FIGURE 17 d).................................. chavarriae View in CoL sp. nov.
- Posterior margin of surstylus slightly concave in lateral view ( Fig. 34 View FIGURE 34 d)............................. matarritai View in CoL sp. nov.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.