Blaps, Fabricius, 1775
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5116.2.5 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2558C8B0-FABB-4104-B103-56C0830AF277 |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6369141 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0A51A-FFC8-FFA4-9C97-AEB7CA8B9289 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Blaps |
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A key to the Blaps from Eastern Europe and Russia (males)
(Except for Blaps rybalovi Tschernyshev & Mordkovitsh, 2002 , which is known only by female specimens)
Notes. Since the final status of Blaps nitida Fischer von Waldheim, 1844 is unclear ( Chigray & Ivanov 2020), this taxon and B. lethifera are given in the same key couplet.
1 Ventral lamella between tarsal claws acute, triangular or lanceolate at apex....................................... 2
- Ventral lamella between tarsal claws obtuse, straight or widely rounded at apex................................... 3
2 Mucro very short, abruptly bifurcated at base, in the shape of two triangular processes. Abdominal ventrite 1 with two transverse tooth-like tubercles; ventrite 5 with brush of long hairs at apex. Caspian depression, south to Izberbash (Dagestan)......................................................................... B. pruinosa Eversmann, 1833 ( Figs 1A, B View FIGURE 1 )
- Mucro long, narrow, bifurcated at apex. Abdominal ventrite 1 with small rounded tubercle between metacoxae; ventrite 5 without hair brush at apex. S Crimea ........................................ B. gigas (Linnaeus, 1767) ( Figs 2A, B View FIGURE 2 )
3 Abdomen with hair tuft between ventrites 1 and 2........................................................... 4
- Abdomen without hair tuft between ventrites 1 and 2....................................................... 13
4 Outer elytral deflected margin (pseudopleural carina) wholly visible dorsally. Eastern Siberia (Transbaikal, Tuva)................................................................... B. miliaria Fischer von Waldheim, 1844 ( Figs 3A, B View FIGURE 3 )
- Outer elytral deflected margin (pseudopleural carina) partly concealed by lateral sides of elytra in dorsal view........... 5
5 Protibiae with short and sharp emargination at base of inner side. NE Crimea and northern environs.................................................................................. B. tibialis Reiche & Saulcy, 1857 ( Figs 4A, B View FIGURE 4 )
- Protibiae without emargination at base of inner side......................................................... 6
6 Flexion side of profemora with large projected dentiform keel with widely rounded margin and deep, wide emargination before apex. Eastern Siberia (Tuva)..................................... B. femoralis medusula Skopin, 1964 ( Figs 5A, B View FIGURE 5 )
- Flexion side of profemora without dentiform keel or with slightly projected keel and wide, gentle, not deep emargination... 7
7 Elytra covered with dense coarse wrinkles mixed with rough raduliform punctation, rugose ( Figs 6–7 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 )................. 8
- Elytra smoother, not coarsely rugose, sometimes with fine, poorly visible wrinkles................................. 9
8 Elytra more elongate (1.9 times as long as wide). Antennae longer, reaching elytral base when directed backwards. Greater Caucasus (in Russia: mountain areas of Dagestan and Chechnya)................ B. verrucosa Adams, 1817 ( Figs 6A, B View FIGURE 6 )
- Elytra less elongate (1.4–1.55 times as long as wide). Antennae shorter, extending beyond half of pronotal length but not reaching base. Eastern Siberia (Transbaikal, Tuva, south of Krasnoyarsk Region)..... B. rugosa Gebler, 1825 ( Figs 7A, B View FIGURE 7 )
9 Mucro long (4.0– 7.5 mm)............................................. B. mortisaga Linnaeus, 1758 ( Figs 8A, B View FIGURE 8 )
- Mucro short (1.1–2.3 mm)............................................................................. 10
10 Spurs of mesotibiae oval, wide and long, their length subequal to mesotarsomere 1......................................................................................... Blaps parvicollis parvicollis Zubkov, 1829 ( Figs 9A, B View FIGURE 9 )
- Spurs of mesotibiae narrow triangular, with acute apex, 1.5–3 times shorter than mesotarsomere 1.................... 11
11 Outer margins of prohypomera neither flattened nor narrowly explanated ( Fig. 10D View FIGURE 10 ). North Caucasus (xerophytic mountains in Dagestan, Cheсhnya)............................................... B. subalpina Ménétriés, 1832 ( Figs 10A, B View FIGURE 10 )
- Outer margins of prohypomera flattened or narrowly explanated at least anteriorly ( Fig. 11D View FIGURE 11 )....................... 12
12 Elytra evenly convex, sometimes narrowly flattened along suture. Abdominal ventrites wide, ratio of width to length of 1–5 ventrites 1.86, 3.03, 3.27, 4.81, 1.78 respectively. Tarsi shorter. Europe, south of Western Siberia east to Altay ...................................................................... B. lethifera Marsham, 1802 ( Figs 11A, B View FIGURE 11 ), B. nitida
- Elytral disc widely flattened. Abdominal ventrites narrower, ratio of width to length of 1–5 ventrites 1.74, 2.81, 3, 4.1, 1.63 respectively. Tarsi longer and slender. The central part of the North Caucasus..................................................................................... B. caucasica Nabozhenko et Chigray sp. n. ( Figs 12A, B View FIGURE 12 , 13 View FIGURE 13 , 14 View FIGURE 14 )
13 Mucro absent. Altay .................................................. B. tenuicornis Gebler, 1847 ( Figs 15A, B View FIGURE 15 )
- Mucro present...................................................................................... 14
14 Metatibia with sharp thickness in apical half. Europe, south of Western Siberia east to Altay ................................................................................. B. halophila Fischer von Waldheim, 1820 ( Figs 16A, B View FIGURE 16 )
- Metatibiae evenly widened from proximal to distal part...................................................... 15
15 Lateral sides of pronotum not flattened, evenly convex. Novosibirsk (invasion)..... B. aff. oblonga Kraatz, 1883 ( Fig. 17A View FIGURE 17 )
- Lateral sides of pronotum flattened, often with raised margins................................................ 16
16 Antennae long, with apical antennomere extending beyond base of pronotum when directed backwards. Elytra smooth or with microwrinkles. S Crimea ............................................. B. mucronata Latreille, 1804 ( Figs 18A, B View FIGURE 18 )
- Antennae short, with apical part extending beyond pronotal middle, but not reaching base of pronotum................ 17
17. Pronotum and elytra strongly shiny. Apical piece of aedeagus strongly elongate, 3.37 times as long as wide. Western Siberia (Altay Region), Eastern Siberia (Transbaikal, Tuva)..................... B. variolosa Faldermann, 1835 ( Figs 19A–C View FIGURE 19 )
- Pronotum and elytra dull. Apical piece of aedeagus much wider, 2.14 times as long as wide. Eastern Siberia (Krasnoyarsk Region, Transbaikal, Tuva)................................................ B. reflexa Gebler, 1832 ( Fig. 20A–C View FIGURE 20 )
A key of Blaps from Eastern Europe and Russia (females)
(Except for the ambiguous invasive species B. aff. oblonga, which is known only by one male)
1 Ventral lamella between tarsal claws acute, triangular or lanceolate at apex....................................... 2
- Ventral lamella between tarsal claws obtuse, straight or widely rounded at apex................................... 3
2 Body large (length 30–34 mm), slender (2.7 times as long as wide). Mucro well developed, bifurcate at apex.................................................................................................. B. gigas ( Fig. 2C View FIGURE 2 )
- Body smaller (length 20–29 mm) and robuster (2–2.1 times as long as wide). Mucro very short, reduced to two separate triangles........................................................................... B. pruinosa ( Fig. 1C View FIGURE 1 )
3 Outer elytral deflected margin (pseudopleural carina) wholly visible dorsally..................................... 4
- Outer elytral deflected margin (pseudopleural carina) posteriorly concealed by lateral sides of elytra in dorsal view....... 5
4 Lateral margins of pronotum flattened and raised. Pronotum with simple smoothed punctation. Elytra weakly flattened along suture.............................................................................. B. miliaria ( Fig. 3C View FIGURE 3 )
- Lateral margins of pronotum flattened, but not raised. Pronotum covered with tiny granules. Elytral disc convex............................................................................................. B. reflexa ( Fig. 20D View FIGURE 20 )
5 Flexion side of profemora with large projected keel with widely rounded margin and deep wide emargination before apex... ................................................................................................... 6
- Flexion side of profemora without keel or with slightly projected keel and wide, gentle, not deep emargination before apex.. ................................................................................................... 7
6 Body robust (body length 2.2 times as long as wide). Antennae short, with apical antennomere reaching basal third of pronotum.................................................................. B. femoralis medusula ( Fig. 5C View FIGURE 5 )
- Body slender (2.45 times as long as wide). Antennae long, with apical antennomere extending beyond base of pronotum.................................................................................... B. tenuicornis ( Fig. 15C View FIGURE 15 )
7 Protibiae with sharp emargination at base of inner side........................................ B. tibialis ( Fig. 4C View FIGURE 4 )
- Protibiae without sharp emargination at base of inner side..................................................... 8
8 Antennae longer, with apical antennomere reaching or extending beyond base of pronotum.......................... 9
- Antennae shorter, with apical antennomere reaching only basal third of pronotum, but not reaching base of pronotum.... 12
9 Mucro absent........................................................................ B. rybalovi ( Fig. 21 View FIGURE 21 )
- Mucro moderately long or short, but well developed........................................................ 10
10 Elytra rugose....................................................................... B. verrucosa ( Fig. 6C View FIGURE 6 )
- Elytra smooth, often with fine micro-wrinkles............................................................. 11
11 Body slender (2.7 times as long as wide), mucro long (ratio of mucro length to total elytral length with mucro 1: 9). Apical antennomere reaching base of pronotum, but not extending beyond base....................... B. mortisaga ( Fig. 8C View FIGURE 8 )
- Body robuster (2.3 times as long as wide), mucro short (ratio of mucro length to total elytral length with mucro 1: 15). Antennomeres 10 and 11 extending beyond base of pronotum............................... B. mucronata ( Fig. 18C View FIGURE 18 )
12 Reservoirs of spermatheca only slightly widened in apical half................................................ 13
- Reservoirs of spermatheca clavate, spherical or ellipsoidal at apex............................................. 14
13. Lateral margins and base of pronotum widely flattened; middle of disc covered with large very sparse punctures, anterior, lateral and basal parts covered with finer and denser punctures, each with granule. Punctation of elytra very coarse, forming coarse rugosity..................................................................... B. variolosa ( Fig. 19D View FIGURE 19 )
- Lateral margins of pronotum narrowly flattened or not flattened, base not flattened, convex. Pronotum with simple fine punctation without granules. Elytra smooth.............................................. B. halophila ( Fig. 16C View FIGURE 16 )
14 Outer sides of prohypomera weakly explanated or at least separated from the rest of surface........................ 15
- Outer sides of prohypomera not explanated and or separated from the rest surface only near anterior angles............ 17
15 Spurs widened and flattened. Reservoirs of spermatheca spherical, connected to common tube at base........................................................................................... B. parvicollis parvicollis ( Fig. 9C View FIGURE 9 )
- Spurs simple, not flattened, narrow. Reservoirs of spermatheca ellipsoidal, separated.............................. 16
16 Abdominal ventrites wide, ratio of width to length of ventrites 1–5: 1.86, 3.03, 3.27, 4.81, 1.78. Tarsi short, pro-, meso- and metatarsi respectively 1.75, 1.44, 1.78 times shorter than respective tibiae............... B. lethifera ( Fig. 11C View FIGURE 11 ), B. nitida
- Abdominal ventrites narrower, ratio of width to length of ventrites 1–5: 1.74, 2.81, 3, 4.1, 1.63. Tarsi longer, pro-, meso- and metatarsi respectively 1.53, 1.26, 1.36 times shorter than respective tibiae....... B. caucasica sp. n. ( Figs 12C View FIGURE 12 , 13F, G View FIGURE 13 , 14 View FIGURE 14 )
17 Outer margins of prohypomera explanated only near anterior angles. Elytra wider (1.3 times as long as wide), covered with coarse, raduliform punctures and strongly rugose ( Fig. 7C View FIGURE 7 )............................................. B. rugosa
- Outer margins of prohypomera not explanated. Elytra more elongate (1.5 times as long as wide), smooth, with simple and small raduliform punctures ( Fig. 10C View FIGURE 10 )............................................................... B. subalpina
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.