Laboulbenia vulgaris Peyr.

Santamaria, Sergi & Pedersen, Jan, 2021, Laboulbeniomycetes (Fungi, Ascomycota) of Denmark, European Journal of Taxonomy 781, pp. 1-425 : 209-213

Laboulbenia vulgaris Peyr.

MB#237743

Fig. 45

Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Wien. Mathematischnaturwissenschaftliche Classe. Abteilung 1 68: 248 ( Peyritsch 1873). – Type: [Not designated] [Ind. loc.] [Type lost?!] “Scheint in der Wiener Umgebung die gemeinste Art zu sein; ich fand sie auf Bembidium littorale Pz. , B. fasciolatum Duft. , B. punctulatum Drapiez , B. lunatum Duft. , B. obsoletum Dej. und auf Deleaster dichrous Grav. ”. [ Austria]

Laboulbenia chilensis Speg. ( Spegazzini 1910: 71) [MB#237513]

Laboulbenia abyssalis Maire ( Maire 1916a: 21) [MB#169522]

Laboulbenia rauraciae Baumgartner ( Baumgartner 1923: 264) [MB#276168]

Laboulbenia mattiroloi S.Colla ( Colla 1925: 258) [Not registered in MycoBank]

Laboulbenia picardi Lepesme ( Lepesme 1939: 150) [MB#486749]

Laboulbenia villiersi Lepesme ( Lepesme 1944: 67) [Not registered in MycoBank]

Laboulbenia lepesmei Maire ( Maire 1945: 40) [MB#287395]

Laboulbenia hastiana Huldén ( Huldén 1983: 55) [MB#108112]

Diagnostic features

Cell V obtriangular, half of the length of cell IV, not connected with cell III. Outer appendage unbranched or once divided above the second or third cell, with the lower cells variably darkened and/or constricted at the septa. Inner appendage not exceeding the perithecial apex, usually consisting of two branchlets bearing few antheridia. Basal cell of inner appendage trapezoidal to wedge-shaped, much smaller than basal cell of outer appendage and typically enchased and underlying it ( Fig. 45A , bc ia). [Detailed descriptions: Thaxter 1896; Sugiyama 1973; Balazuc 1974e; Majewski 1994b; Santamaria 1998]

Distribution and hosts

Laboulbenia vulgaris is a very common species infecting species of Bembidion in a broad sense (Col. Carabidae Bembidiina ) and Trechus (Col. Carabidae Trechiina), but also reported on many other carabids and even staphylinids on an endless and quite confusing list. Widespread, known even from the most remote and extreme places of the planet (as the Crozet Islands and the Himalaya, Lepesme 1947), although absent in Oceania. For an extensive list of countries see Santamaria et al. (1991) and Majewski (2008). Recently newly recorded from Croatia, Slovenia, and Slovakia ( Haelewaters et al. 2019b).

Collections examined from Denmark

On Bembidion aeneum Germar, 1824 (Col. Carabidae ) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Resle Skov ; 54°56.359′ N, 11°43.437′ E; PF79; 25 Sep. 2006; H. Liljehult 1461; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124012 .

On Bembidion assimile Gyllenhal, 1810 (Col. Carabidae ) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Nyord ; 55°2.885′ N, 12°12.380′ E; UB20; 27 Apr. 2013; JP 835; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123330 . – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Eriksholm Skov ; 55°41.771′ N, 11°47.912′ E; PG77; 4 Nov. 2017; JP 742; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123236 • Nord for Frederikssund ; 55°51.404′ N, 12°3.534′ E; UB17; 14 Dec. 2013; R. Aagaard Jensen 408; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122892 • Nord for Risø ; 55°42.184′ N, 12°6.692′ E; UB17; 14 Dec. 2013; R. Aagaard Jensen 626; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123115 . – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Syd for Stårup ; 56°34.792′ N, 9°5.958′ E; NH07; 6 Feb. 2015; JP 217; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122698 . – Sydjylland (SJ) • Sønderstrand på Rømø ; 55°6.373′ N, 8°29.380′ E; MG60; 25 Oct. 2017; H. Liljehult 618; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123106 .

On Bembidion biguttatum (Fabricius, 1779) (Col. Carabidae ) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Vest for Bandholm ; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1322; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123858 . – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Nordbredden af Skarresø ; 55°39.469′ N, 11°23.147′ E; PG47; 18 Feb. 2017; JP 341; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122820 .

On Bembidion bruxellense Wesmaël, 1835 (Col. Carabidae ) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Gedser Odde ; 54°33.588′ N, 11°58.187′ E; PF95; 19 May 2000; H. Liljehult 273; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122752 . – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Bognaes Storskov ; 55°41.242′ N, 12°1.678′ E; UB17; 1 Aug. 2013; JP 365; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122848 .

On Bembidion dentellum (Thunberg, 1787) (Col. Carabidae ) DENMARK – Bornholm (B) • Rønne Plantage ; 55°4.375′ N, 14 45.096′ E; VB80; 13 Jun. 1932; E. Suenson DrY0056; E. Suenson; ZMUC C-F-124122 .

On Bembidion femoratum Sturm, 1825 (Col. Carabidae ) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Karlstrup Kalkbrud syd for Karlstrup ; 55°32.863′ N, 12°12.385′ E; UB25; 28 May 2016; JP 227; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122708 .

On Bembidion guttula (Fabricius, 1792) (Col. Carabidae ) DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Tange å vest for Kjellerup ; 56°17.959′ N, 9°23.462′ E; NH23; 17 Feb. 2018; JP 980; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123487 . – Nordvestjylland (NWJ) • Vest for Vinderup ; 56°28.727′ N, 8°44.810′ E; MH85; 19 Jan. 2015; JP 777; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123272 . – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Gammel Kalvehave ; 54°59.745′ N, 12°8.232′ E; UA19; 24 Mar. 2018; JP 1007; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123514 .

On Bembidion lampros (Herbst, 1784) (Col. Carabidae ) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Gentofte ; 55°44.005′ N, 12°33.020′ E; UB48; 23 Sep. 2017; H. Enghoff 501; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122985 .

On Bembidion lunulatum (GeoffroY, 1785) (Col. CArABIdAe ) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Vest for Bandholm ; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1323; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123860 .

On Bembidion mannerheimii Sahlberg, 1827 (Col. Carabidae ) DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Grejsdal syd for Hornstrup ; 55°44.791′ N, 9°33.051′ E; NG37; 8 Mar. 2014; JP 746; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123240 . – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Krenkerup Haveskov ; 54°46.408′ N, 11°39.955′ E; PF77; 5 May 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 894; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123392 • ibid.; 25 May 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 910; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123408 • ibid.; 16 Jun. 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. MeYer 916; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123414 • ibid.; 8 Jul. 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. MeYer 906; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123404 • ibid.; 16-24 Aug. 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 913; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123411 • Vest for Bandholm ; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1324; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123861 , C-F-123862 . – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Indelukket ved Frederiksborg Slot ; 55°56.191′ N, 12°17.861′ E; UC30; 12 Apr. 2016; JP 20; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122493 . – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Vesterlyng ; 55°44.195′ N, 11°17.276′ E; PG47; 9 Feb. 2014; JP 644; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123132 . – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Østerskov ved Langebaek ; 54°59.235′ N, 12°6.280′ E; UA19; 14 Jan. 2012; JP 546; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123030 , C-F-123031 .

On Bembidion obtusum Audinet-Serville, 1821 (Col. Carabidae ) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Nyord ; 55°2.885′ N, 12°12.380′ E; UB20; 27 Apr. 2013; JP 836; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123331 • Vest for Bandholm ; 54°50.303′ N, 11°28.050′ E; PF57; 3 Jan. 2019; JP 1319; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123855 . – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Vest for Trørød ; 55°50.223′ N, 12°31.185′ E; UB49; 13 Nov. 2016; JP 140; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122617 . – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Bjerge Sydstrand ; 55°34.046′ N, 11°9.459′ E; PG35; 24 Oct. 2018; JP 1208; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123734 • Bognaes Skov på Tuse Naes ; 55°44.966′ N, 11°45.817′ E; PG78; 10 Dec. 2013; JP 874; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123370 .

On Bembidion stephensii Crotch, 1866 (Col. Carabidae ) DENMARK – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Hjelm Kobbel ; 54°54.863′ N, 12°14.918′ E; UA28; 28 Aug. 2019; JP 1505; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-124092 .

On Bembidion tetracolum Say, 1823 (Col. Carabidae ) DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Grejsdal syd for Hornstrup ; 55°44.791′ N, 9°33.051′ E; NG37; 8 Mar. 2014; JP 745; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123239 . – Lolland, Falster, Møn (LFM) • Krenkerup Haveskov ; 54°46.408′ N, 11°39.955′ E; PF77; 16 Jun. 1993; S. Langemark & O.E. Meyer 918; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123416 • Hobyskov ; 54°44.069′ N, 11°15.296′ E; PF46; 7 Jan. 2018; JP 954; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123460 . – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Espergaerde ; 56°0.591′ N, 12°33.074′ E; UC40; 24 May 2016; M.H. Post 357; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122839 • Naturcenter Amager ; 55°36.862′ N, 12°34.575′ E; UB46; 13 Jun. 2011; C. Theilgaard 151; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122631 • Skodsborg Dam i Jaegersborg Hegn ; 55°49.068′ N, 12°33.937′ E; UB48; 18 Nov. 2018; JP 1238; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123765 . – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Nordbredden af Skarresø ; 55°39.425′ N, 11°22.998′ E; PG47; 1 May 2013; JP 857; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123352 • Nordøstbredden af Tissø ; 55°35.612′ N, 11°18.461′ E; PG46; 1 May 2013; JP 758; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123252 . – Sydsjaelland (SZ) • Even Bro ; 55°8.694′ N, 12°0.601′ E; UB11; 17 Feb. 2019; JP 1371; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123912 • Gammel Kalvehave ; 54°59.745′ N, 12°8.232′ E; UA19; 25 Apr. 2019; JP 1447; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123995 • Krobaek i Sjolte Skov ; 55°10.772′ N, 12°0.863′ E; UB11; 17 Feb. 2019; JP 1375; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123916 .

On Epaphius secalis (Paykull, 1790) (Col. Carabidae ) DENMARK – Nordøstjylland (NEJ) • Bønderskoven i Tofte Skov ; 56°49.955′ N, 10°14.981′ E; NH79; 8–22 Aug. 2013; I. Aggerholm 941; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123445 • Engskoven i Tofte Skov ; 56°51.525′ N, 10°15.065′ E; NJ70; 8–22 Aug. 2013; I. Aggerholm 937; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123439 .

On Trechus obtusus Erichson, 1837 (Col. Carabidae ) DENMARK – Østjylland (EJ) • Klostermølle ; 56°2.432′ N, 9°41.629′ E; NH41; 16 May 2014; JP 313; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122792 . – Fyn (F) • Gyldenstens inddaemmede Strand ; 55°34.447′ N, 10°7.211′ E; NG75; 2 Apr. 2014; JP 703; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123193 • Knudshoved Marina ; 55°17.781′ N, 10°50.542′ E; PG12; 18 Oct. 2017; JP 587; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123074 . – Nordøstjylland (NEJ) • Bønderskoven i Tofte Skov ; 56°49.955′ N, 10°14.981′ E; NH79; 8–22 Aug. 2013; I. Aggerholm 927; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123427 , C-F-123443 • Engskoven i Tofte Skov ; 56°51.525′ N, 10°15.065′ E; NJ70; 8–22 Aug. 2013; I. Aggerholm 936; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123437 • Havgranerne i Tofte Skov ; 56°50.576′ N, 10°15.552′ E; NJ70; 5–19 Sep. 2013; I. Aggerholm 925; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123424 • Knarmod i Tofte Skov ; 56°51.824′ N, 10°15.470′ E; NJ70; 22 Aug.–5 Sep. 2013; I. Aggerholm 948; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123454 • Toftgården i Tofte Skov ; 56°50.789′ N, 10°12.918′ E; NJ70; 22 Aug.–5 Sep. 2013; I. Aggerholm 945; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123450 • Vandplasken ved Kaersgård Strand ; 57°31.199′ N, 9°53.070′ E; NJ57; 21 Nov. 2017; JP 803; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123298 . – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Kagsmose ; 55°42.698′ N, 12°27.378′ E; UB47; 19 Sep. 2013; H. Liljehult 1397; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123941 • Syd for Veddelev ; 55°40.346′ N, 12°4.915′ E; UB17; 14 Dec. 2013; R. Aagaard Jensen 334; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122812 . – Nordvestsjaelland (NWZ) • Bognaes Skov på Tuse Naes ; 55°44.966′ N, 11°45.817′ E; PG78; 10 Dec. 2013; JP 879; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-123376 .

On Trechus quadristriatus (Schrank, 1781) (Col. Carabidae ) DENMARK – Nordøstsjaelland (NEZ) • Vest for Trørød ; 55°50.223′ N, 12°31.185′ E; UB49; 13 Nov. 2016; JP 139; JP det.; ZMUC C-F-122615 .

Remarks

Laboulbenia vulgaris should be regarded as a collective species showing very variable characteristics ( Lepesme 1947), like other species such as L. pedicellata and L. luxurians with which it often coexists on the same host individual. Accordingly, up to 13 infraspecific forms have been described, including ranks as forms, varieties, subspecies and even an aberration, difficult to recognize at the very least and lacking any taxonomical value. A good candidate for further molecular analysis ( Haelewaters & De Kesel 2020). In the figures included, we show the wide range of variation in this species, even with some doubtful forms, such as those of Fig. 45F–G collected on Bembidion mannerheimii .

Figures

Fig. 45. Laboulbenia vulgaris Peyr. Mature thalli. In A the basal cell of the inner appendage has been labelled. A. From Trechus quadristriatus. B. From Epaphius secalis. C–D, F–G. From Bembidion mannerheimi. E. From Bembidion obtusum. Scale bars: 50 µm. Photographs from slides ZMUC C-F- 122615 (A), ZMUC C-F-123439 (B), ZMUC C-F-123392 (C), ZMUC C-F-123404 (D), ZMUC C-F- 123734 (E), ZMUC C-F-123861 (F–G).