Salina maculipenis, Oliveira¹ & Cipola² & Almeida¹, 2020

Oliveira, Fábio G. L., Cipola, Nikolas G. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2020, Systematics and biogeography of Salina MacGillivray (Collembola: Entomobryoidea), with emphasis on the species groups in the New World, Insect Systematics & Evolution 51, pp. 81-138 : 116-117

Salina maculipenis sp.n. Oliveira & Cipola

Figures 9E , 10E , 11E , 12E , 13E , 14B and H , 15E , 16E , 18 A-B, 19G

ZooBank: http://zoobank.org/ A705FAA7-2E57-4749-817E-D04B82B33575

Diagnosis

Th II–Abd III posteriorly with one transverse band and Abd IV with a penis-shaped spot, legs yellowish; Ant I with 5 mac; cephalic groove with 2 serrated mic, without smooth chaetae; Th II–Abd I with 3–6, 3–4, 1–2 central mac, respectively; Abd III with 3 lateral mac (am6, pm6, p6); Abd IV with 8 central mac (A3–5 absent) and lateral 12 mac; collophore with 11 anterior, 2 posterior and 15 lateral flap chaetae; trochanteral organ with 14 spine-like chaetae; manubrial plate with 3 chaetae.

Type material

Holotype ♂ on slide (COLLE 045/INPA): Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Estrela Velha municipality, villa “Itaúba”, margin of river “Jacuizinho”, 29°16’43.9”S, 53°08’40.3”W, Atlantic Forest , 145 m, 13-14.i.2015, Malaise-trap, K Schoeninger coll. Paratypes on slides (COLLE 045A-C/INPA): 2 ♂ and 1 ♀ and 1 specimen in alcohol, same data as holotype .

Additional examined material

2 ♂ and 1 ♀ in on slide (INPA): Brazil, Paraná, Medianeira municipality, neighborhood “Condá”, 25°16’39”S, 54°06’03”W, urban region, 415m, 05-07.v.2015, plate trap, NG Cipola coll.

Description

Total length (head + trunk) of holotype 1.9 mm. Specimens pale white with dark blue pigments on anterior head, Ant I–II distally and Ant IV; orange pigments on basal Ant IV, Ant I–II medially, lateral head, Th II anteriorly, Th II–Abd III posteriorly with one transverse band, Abd III and IV posteriorly with one lateral spot, Abd IV with one central strong spot resembling a human penis; Abd V posteriorly, and distal half of the femur to tibiotarsus; eyepatches yellow and black ( Figure 9E ).

Head. Ant I dorsally with 5 mac and 5 basal spiny smooth mic ( Figure 10E ). Posterior labial chaetotaxy series ‘CG’ with 6 ciliate chaetae (CG1–3, CG5, CG6p–7) and 2 serrated mic (CG4, CG6); series ‘PLM’ with 2 ciliate chaetae (PLM1–2); series ‘PLE’ with 2 ciliate chaetae (PLE1–2); lateral side with about 17 ciliate chaetae ( Figure 11E ).

Dorsal chaetotaxy. Th II with 1 ‘m’ mac present or absent (m1), 3–5 ‘p’ mac (p1i, p1–4), p1i and p2 present or absent. Th III with 4–5 ‘p’ mac (p1i, p1–3, p5), p1 present or absent ( Figure 12E ). Abd I with 1–2 ‘m’ mac (m3, m4), m4 present or absent ( Figure 13E ). Abd III with 2 ‘m’ mac (am6, pm6); 1 ‘p’ mac (p6) and 1 ‘p’ mes (p7i) ( Figure 14B ). Abd IV with 2 ‘A’ mac (A1, A6); 1 ‘Ae’ mac (Ae1); 3 ‘B’ mac (B3–5); 1 ‘Be’ mac (Be1); 1 ‘C’ mac (C1); 4 ‘E’ mac (E1-4); 4 ‘F’ mac (F1–F3p); 4 ‘Fe’ mac (Fe1–3, Fe6); posterior side with 3 sens type IV (ps and two unnamed) ( Figure 14H ). Abd V with 2 ‘a’ mac (a3, a5); 2–3 ‘m’ mac (m2–3, m5), m3 present or absent; and 2 ‘p’ mac (p4-5) ( Figure 15E ).

Appendages. Trochanteral organ with 14 smooth spine-like chaetae ( Figure 16E ). Collophore anterior side with 3 subapical mac of equal length, and 8 proximal smooth mic; posterior side with 1 apical and 1 subapical smooth chaetae; lateral flap formula 4(s), 6(m), 5(i) smooth chaetae, 2 inferior larger ( Figures 18 A-B). Manubrial plate with 2 chaetae ( Figure 19C ). Mucro with 4 teeth (d1, ap, v1-2) ( Figure 19G ).

Etymology

The name “maculipenis”, from Latin, refers to the human peniform dorsal spot on abdomen IV of this new species.

Remarks

Salina maculipenis sp.n. resembles S. tocantinensis sp.n. in general morphology, and dorsal chaetotaxy of Th II–III with at least 3 central mac, Abd I with 1 or more central mac, and Abd IV with 8 central mac. However, S. maculipenis sp.n. differs from S. tocantinensis sp.n. by dorsal chaetotaxy of Abd III with 3 lateral mac (6 in S. tocantinensis sp.n.) and Abd IV with 4 mac in ‘Fe’ series (2 in S. tocantinensis sp.n.). Others characteristics that differs S. maculipenis sp.n. from S. tocantinensis sp.n. are Ant I with 5 mac (4 in S. tocantinensis sp.n.), cephalic groove with 2 serrated mic (1 in S. tocantinensis sp.n.), manubrial plate with 3 chaetae (2 in S. tocantinensis sp.n.), and collophore with 11 anterior chaetae (3 mac subequal), while in S. tocantinensis sp.n. has 7 anterior chaetae (1 mac smaller). The color pattern of S. maculipenis sp.n. also differs by Th II–Abd III posteriorly with one transverse band and Abd IV with a penis-shaped spot, while in S. tocantinensis sp.n. has blue spots on body and legs. For additional information, refer to Table 2 .

Figures

Fig. 9. Habitus of Salina spp. (dorsal view): (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n. (distal half of Ant IV missing); (I), S. unisetosa sp.n.; (J), S. dedoris from Roraima state, Brazil; (K), S. tristani from Amazonas state, Brazil. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Fig. 10. Head structures of Salina spp.: (A–I), Ant I dorsal chaetotaxy (right): (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n., arrow indicates mac present or absent. (J–K), general structures of anterior and ventral head: (J), labral papillae, prelabral and labral chaetotaxy; (K), maxillary outer lobe and sublobal plate; (L), labial palp and proximal chaetae; (M), labial basolateral and basomedian fields.

Fig. 11. Head ventral chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n.

Fig. 12. Th II–III dorsal chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n.

Fig. 13. Abd I dorsal chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n.

Fig. 14. Abd III–IV dorsal chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A–C), Abd III: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. hamadae sp.n.; (C), S. serrana sp.n. (D–I), Abd IV: (D), S. brasiliana sp.n.; (E), S. hamadae sp.n.; (F), S. serrana sp.n.; (G), S. bicolor sp.n.; (H), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (I), S. peruana sp.n.

Fig. 15. Abd V dorsal chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. serrana sp.n.; (G), S. tocantinensis sp.n.

Fig. 16. Legs structures of Salina spp.: (A–I), trochanteral organ (right): (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n. (J–K), distal tibiotarsus and foot complex (posterior side): (J), fore leg; (K), hind leg.

Fig. 18. Collophore chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A–B), Salina maculipenis sp.n.: (A), anterior side; (B), lateral and posterior side. (C–E), complete chaetotaxy (lateral view): (C), S. peruana sp.n.; (D), S. serrana sp.n.; (E), S. unisetosa sp.n.; (F–G), S. tocantinensis sp.n.: (F), anterior side; (G), lateral and posterior side.

Fig. 19. Genital plate and furcula of Salina spp.: (A–B), Genital plate of Salina serrana sp.n. (ventral view): (A), ♂; (B), ♀. (C), Distal manubrium and proximal dens of S. brasiliana sp.n. (lateral view), arrow indicates chaeta absent in manubrial plate of some species. (D–I), distal dens and mucro (inner view):(D), S. brasiliana sp.n.; (E), S. bellinii sp.n.; (F), S. hamadae sp.n.; (G), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (H), S. peruana sp.n.; (I), S. serrana sp.n.