Bactrocera (Bactrocera) umbrosa ( Fabricius, 1805 )

Leblanc, Luc, 2022, The dacine fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacini) of Oceania, Insecta Mundi 2022 (948), pp. 1-167 : 145

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7300862
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A105F057-F2A4-4C14-B82E-14912B319D57
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7301268
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D4F455-00AE-43B3-41BE-CBA129973C39
treatment provided by	Felipe (2022-11-07 18:27:14, last updated by Plazi 2023-11-07 21:41:27)
scientific name	Bactrocera (Bactrocera) umbrosa ( Fabricius, 1805 )
status

Treatment

Bactrocera (Bactrocera) umbrosa ( Fabricius, 1805) View in CoL

Breadfruit fruit fly

(= Dacus fascipennis Wiedemann, 1819 , Bactrocera fasciatipennis Doleschall, 1856 , Dacus conformis Walker, 1856 , Dacus diffusus Walker, 1860 , Dacus frenchi Froggatt, 1909 , Bactrocera lacerata White and Evenhuis, 1999 ) Figure 84 View Figure 84

Distribution ( Fig. 105 View Figure 105 ). Vietnam. Cambodia. Thailand. Philippines. Malaysia (Peninsular, East). Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, West Timor). Australia ( Christmas Island, Torres Strait Islands). Papua New Guinea (mainland, New Britain, New Ireland, Manus, Bougainville). Solomon Islands (Shortland Group, Choiseul, Vella Lavella, Gizo, Kolombangara, New Georgia, Isabel, Russell, Florida, Guadalcanal, Malaita, San Cristobal, Rennell and Bellona, Santa Cruz, Reef Islands). Vanuatu (Torres Islands, Banks Islands, Santo, Malekula, Ambae, Maewo, Pentecost, Ambrym, Epi-Paama-Tongoa, Efate, Erromanga, Tanna, Aneityum). New Caledonia (mainland, Maré, Lifou). Palau.

Male lure. Methyl eugenol. Weak attraction to isoeugenol and methyl-isoeugenol ( Royer et al. 2018).

Host plants. Category B pest ( Vargas et al. 2015) of Artocarpus spp. Records in New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu: MORACEAE : Artocarpus altilis , A. heterophyllus .

Edible hosts common names. breadfruit, jackfruit.

Biology. Adults mate at dusk, (Allwood 1997). Occurs in very large populations in lowland areas, and populations peak in December-January in the Solomon Islands, which corresponds to the main breadfruit season ( Vagalo et al. 1997). Monthly trapping data illustrated on Figures 131 View Figure 131 , 132 View Figure 132 .

Notes. The only pest dacine species known to be naturally distributed across Lydekker’s line ( Krosch et al. 2019).

References

Doleschall CL. 1856. Eerste bijdrage tot de kennis der dipterologische fauna van Nederlandsch Indie. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indie 10: 403 - 414.

Fabricius JC. 1805. Systema antliatorum secundum ordines, genera, species, adiectis, synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Reichard; Brunswick, Gremany. 373 p.

Froggatt WW. 1909. Part III. Fruit flies. A general account of the flies belonging to the family Trypetidae, that damage sound fruit, with descriptions of the different species (some described as new) and their habits, range, and suggestions for destroying them. p. 73 - 115. In: Official report on fruit fly and other pests in various countries 1907 - 1908. Report on parasitic and injurious insects. New South Wales Department of Agriculture; Sydney, Australia. 115 p.

Krosch MN, Schutze MK, Newman J, Strutt F, Bryant LM, McMahon J, Clarke AR. 2019. In the footsteps of Wallace: population structure in the breadfruit fruitfly, Bactrocera umbrosa (F.) (Diptera: Tephritidae), suggests disjunction across the Indo-Australian Archipelago. Austral Entomology 58: 602 - 613.

Royer JE, Agovaua S., Bokosou J, Kurika K, Mararuai A, Mayer DG, Niangu B. 2018. Responses of fruit flies to new attractants in Papua New Guinea. Austral Entomology 57: 40 - 49.

Vagalo M, Hollingsworth RG, Tsatsia F. 1997. Fruit fly fauna in Solomon Islands. p. 81 - 86. In: Allwood AJ, Drew RAI (eds.). Management of fruit flies in the Pacific. ACIAR Proceedings No 76. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research; Canberra. 267 p.

Vargas RI, Pinero JC, Leblanc L. 2015. An overview of pest species of Bactrocera fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) and the integration of biopesticides with other biological approaches for their management with a focus on the Pacific region. Insects 6: 297 - 318.

Walker F. 1856. Catalogue of the dipterous insects collected at Singapore and Malacca by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with descriptions of new species. Journal of Proceedings of the Linnean Society. Zoology. London 1: 4 - 39.

Walker F. 1860. Catalogue of the dipterous insects collected at Makessar in Celebes, by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with descriptions of new species [conclusion]. Journal of Proceedings of the Linnean Society. Zoology. London 4: 90 - 172.

White IM, Evenhuis NL 1999. New species and records of Indo-Australasian Dacini (Diptera: Tephritidae). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 47: 487 - 540.

Wiedemann CRW. 1819. Beschreibung neuer zweiflugler aus Ostindien und Afrika. Zoological Magazine (Wiedemann's) 1: 1 - 39.

Figures

Figure 84. Bactrocera (Bactrocera) umbrosa (Fabricius), male.A) Head.B–C) Head and scutum. D–E) Abdomen. F) Wing. G) Lateral view.

Figure 105. Distribution of oligophagous pest fruit flies in Oceania: Bactrocera umbrosa (Fabricius), B. mucronis (Drew), B. quadrisetosa (Bezzi), B. distincta (Malloch), and B. perfusca (Aubertin). Photo of B. umbrosa by Steve Wilson. Drawing of B. perfusca from Drew (1989).

Figure 131. Mean (±SE) daily captures of Bactrocera umbrosa (Fabricius) in methyl eugenol traps maintained: A) in Vanuatu (Efate Island) between January 1996 and September 1997, based on 9 trapping sites (n = 165, mean FTD = 7.99), and B) in New Caledonia (Mainland) between January 1996 and December 1998, based on 9 trapping sites (n = 324, mean FTD = 2.22).

Figure 132. Mean (±SE) daily captures of Bactrocera umbrosa (Fabricius) in methyl eugenol traps maintained in the Solomon Islands (Guadalcanal Island) between April 1999 and August 2001, based on 10 trapping sites (n = 228, mean FTD = 13.33).